Campbell Biology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134093413
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Jane B. Reece
Publisher: PEARSON
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 35, Problem 11TYU
SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND SOCIETY Hunger and malnutrition are urgent problems for many poor countries, yet plant biologists in wealthy nations have focused most of their research efforts on Arabidopsis thaliana. Some people have argued that if plant biologists are truly concerned about fighting world hunger, they should study cassava and plantain beeause these twe crops are staples for many of the world's poor. If you were an Arabidopsis researcher, how might you respond to this argument?
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
Tobacco plants invest a lot of resources into the production of secondary compounds
know as alkaloids (e.g., nicotine) that we believe act as defenses against herbivores.
The researchers did an experiment where they added a hormone that reduces the
production of alkaloids. In graph (a), the data show that the hormone reduced the
proportion of alkaloids as a function of leaf mass relative to controls- so the hormone
worked. They also measured the lifetime seed production of the plants in both
treatments without any herbivores present (b). They had the following results. What
might you conclude/hypothesize/investigate based on the data in graph (b)
(a)
Chemical defenses
(percent of leaf mass)
1.8%
1.4
1.0
0.6
0.2
No hormone added
Hormone added
(b)
Lifetime seed mass
(g/plant)
-18
14
10
No hormone added Hormone added
It would be good to test whether the hormone is very specific or whether it might also
cause changes in other metabolic processes
The hormone has no effect on the lifetime…
As you learned in this chapter, many prescription drugs are derived from natural plant products. Numerous other plant substances, including caffeine and nicotine, have effects in the human body, as well. There is also a wide array of plant products, in the form of pills, powders, or teas, marketed as herbal medicines. Some people prefer taking these “natural” products to pharmaceuticals. Others use herbal supplements to boost energy, promote weight loss, strengthen the immune system, relieve stress, and more. The U.S. Federal Drug Administration, which approves pharmaceuticals, is also responsible for regulating herbal remedies. What does the label “FDA-approved” on an herbal remedy mean? How does that compare to FDA approval of a drug? The FDA website http://www.fda.gov/ForConsumers/default.htm is a good place to start your research. (Note that the FDA classifies herbal remedies as dietary supplements.)
Why do you think plant reproductive biology is important
in the improvement of crop plants? Explain in a rational
manner
Chapter 35 Solutions
Campbell Biology (11th Edition)
Ch. 35.1 - Prob. 1CCCh. 35.1 - WHAT IF? If humans were photoautotrophs, making...Ch. 35.1 - Prob. 3CCCh. 35.2 - Prob. 1CCCh. 35.2 - Prob. 2CCCh. 35.2 - Prob. 3CCCh. 35.3 - Prob. 1CCCh. 35.3 - Prob. 2CCCh. 35.3 - Prob. 3CCCh. 35.4 - A sign is hammered into a tree 2 m from the tree's...
Ch. 35.4 - Prob. 2CCCh. 35.4 - Would you expect a tropical tree to have distinct...Ch. 35.4 - Prob. 4CCCh. 35.5 - How can two cells in a plant have vastly different...Ch. 35.5 - Prob. 2CCCh. 35.5 - Prob. 3CCCh. 35 - Prob. 35.1CRCh. 35 - Prob. 35.2CRCh. 35 - Prob. 35.3CRCh. 35 - Whht advantages did plants gain from the evolution...Ch. 35 - Prob. 35.5CRCh. 35 - Most of the growth of a plant body is the result...Ch. 35 - Prob. 2TYUCh. 35 - Prob. 3TYUCh. 35 - The phase change of an apical meristem from the...Ch. 35 - Supposc a flower had normal expression of genes A...Ch. 35 - Prob. 6TYUCh. 35 - Which of the following would not be seen in a...Ch. 35 - Prob. 8TYUCh. 35 - EVOLUTION CONNECTION Evolutionary biologists have...Ch. 35 - SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY Grasslands typically do not...Ch. 35 - SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND SOCIETY Hunger and...Ch. 35 - WRITE ABOUT A THEME: ORGANIZATION In a short essay...Ch. 35 - SYNTHESIZE YOUR KNOWLEDGE This stained light...
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND SOCIETY Why is knowledge gained from sequencing the Arabidopsis genome important even though Arabidopsis has no commercial value?arrow_forwardTCE Uptake by Transgenic Plants Plants used for phytoremediation take up organic pollutants, then transport the chemicals to plant tissues, where they are stored or broken down. Researchers are now designing transgenic plants with enhanced ability to take up or break down toxins. In 2007, Sharon Doty and her colleagues published the results of their efforts to design plants for phytoremediation of soil and air containing organic solvents. The researchers used Agrobacterium tumefaciens (Section 15.7) to deliver a mammalian gene into poplar plants. The gene encodes cytochrome P450, an enzyme involved in the breakdown of a range of organic molecules, including solvents such as TCE. FIGURE 28.16 shows data from one test on the resulting transgenic plants. FIGURE 28.16 TCE uptake from air by transgenic poplar plants. Indvioual potted plants were kept in separate seated containers with an initial level of TCE (trichloroethytene) around 15.0C0 micrograms per cubic meter of air. Samples of the air m the containers were taken daily and measured for TCE content. Controls included a tree transgenic for a Ti plasmid with no cytochrome P450 in it (vector control), and a bare-root transgenic tree (one that was not planted in soil. 1. How many transgenic plants did the researchers test?arrow_forwardTCE Uptake by Transgenic Plants Plants used for phytoremediation take up organic pollutants, then transport the chemicals to plant tissues, where they are stored or broken down. Researchers are now designing transgenic plants with enhanced ability to take up or break down toxins. In 2007, Sharon Doty and her colleagues published the results of their efforts to design plants for phytoremediation of soil and air containing organic solvents. The researchers used Agrobacterium tumefaciens (Section 15.7) to deliver a mammalian gene into poplar plants. The gene encodes cytochrome P450, an enzyme involved in the breakdown of a range of organic molecules, including solvents such as TCE. FIGURE 28.16 shows data from one test on the resulting transgenic plants. FIGURE 28.16 TCE uptake from air by transgenic poplar plants. Indvioual potted plants were kept in separate seated containers with an initial level of TCE (trichloroethytene) around 15.0C0 micrograms per cubic meter of air. Samples of the air m the containers were taken daily and measured for TCE content. Controls included a tree transgenic for a Ti plasmid with no cytochrome P450 in it (vector control), and a bare-root transgenic tree (one that was not planted in soil. 2. In which group did the researchers see the slowest rate of TCE uptake? The fastest?arrow_forward
- TCE Uptake by Transgenic Plants Plants used for phytoremediation take up organic pollutants, then transport the chemicals to plant tissues, where they are stored or broken down. Researchers are now designing transgenic plants with enhanced ability to take up or break down toxins. In 2007, Sharon Doty and her colleagues published the results of their efforts to design plants for phytoremediation of soil and air containing organic solvents. The researchers used Agrobacterium tumefaciens (Section 15.7) to deliver a mammalian gene into poplar plants. The gene encodes cytochrome P450, an enzyme involved in the breakdown of a range of organic molecules, including solvents such as TCE. FIGURE 28.16 shows data from one test on the resulting transgenic plants. FIGURE 28.16 TCE uptake from air by transgenic poplar plants. Indvioual potted plants were kept in separate seated containers with an initial level of TCE (trichloroethytene) around 15.0C0 micrograms per cubic meter of air. Samples of the air m the containers were taken daily and measured for TCE content. Controls included a tree transgenic for a Ti plasmid with no cytochrome P450 in it (vector control), and a bare-root transgenic tree (one that was not planted in soil. 3. On day 6, what was the difference between the TCE content of air around planted transgenic plants and that around vector control plants?arrow_forwardTCE Uptake by Transgenic Plants Plants used for phytoremediation take up organic pollutants, then transport the chemicals to plant tissues, where they are stored or broken down. Researchers are now designing transgenic plants with enhanced ability to take up or break down toxins. In 2007, Sharon Doty and her colleagues published the results of their efforts to design plants for phytoremediation of soil and air containing organic solvents. The researchers used Agrobacterium tumefaciens (Section 15.7) to deliver a mammalian gene into poplar plants. The gene encodes cytochrome P450, an enzyme involved in the breakdown of a range of organic molecules, including solvents such as TCE. FIGURE 28.16 shows data from one test on the resulting transgenic plants. FIGURE 28.16 TCE uptake from air by transgenic poplar plants. Individual potted plants were kept in separate seated containers with an initial level of TCE (trichloroethylene) around 15,000 micrograms per cubic meter of air. Samples of the air in the containers were taken daily and measured for TCE content. Controls included a tree transgenic for a Ti plasmid with no cytochrome P450 in it (vector control), and a bare-root transgenic tree (one that was not planted in soil. 4. Assuming no other experiments were done, what two explanations are there for the results of this experiment? What other control might the researchers have used?arrow_forwardThe WER gene is involved in producing what plant structures? root hairs xylem photosynthetic tissue trichomesarrow_forward
- The data that is attached below was collected during a lettuce seed ecotoxicity assay. Lettuce seed assays are used to compare the ecotoxicity of methanol, ethanol, and isopropanol by these alcohols' effects on germination rate and root elongination. Using the attached data, help answer which alcohol seems to be the most toxic to lettuce seeds. Why or why not would your results be expected? What does this information tell you about using ecotoxicity data to estimate human toxicity?arrow_forwardSugars pass from cell to cell in the leaf starting in the _______ of the mesophyll; they move through the _______ of other cells and finally pass into the _______ of the sieve tube element.arrow_forwardGreen revolution semidwarf wheat varieties are shorter because their mutant DELLA protein is not polyubiquitinated they synthesize more gibberellin (GA) they lack phytochrome they do not take up nitratearrow_forward
- Which of the following statement is NOT TRUE about plants? Lütfen birini seçin: O a. A plant can grow throughout its life; this is called indeterminate growth O b. Plants are the only organism capable of photosynthesis O c. Fruits in plants protect seeds and aid in seed dispersal O d. The plant body is divided into a root system and a shoot system, connected by vascular tissue that is continuous throughout the plant O e. the transfer of pollen from anther to stigma is called pollinationarrow_forwardMatch the advantage to the correct adaptation. allows plants to transport water and sugars quickly across long distances [Choose] [Choose] seeds xylem and phloem amniotic eggs fruits pollen flowers allows the sperm to travel to the egg safely, without water allows the sporophyte embryo to wait for the right conditions before growing helps seeds disperse to new places when animals cat them [Choose ]arrow_forward1, choose which statement about plants is false? a, plants do not carry out cellular respiration. b, plant fibers can be used to make textiles. c, plants are a source of pharmaceutical products. d, plant products can be used as building materials. e, plants can help reduce soil erosion. 2, Choose, A plant embryo surrounded by a seed coat is called a, endosperm b, zygote c, fruit d, seed 3, choose, Phototropism occurs due to the effects of a, gravity b, auxins c, abscisic acid d, osmosisarrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Biology (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781337392938Author:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. BergPublisher:Cengage Learning
Biology Today and Tomorrow without Physiology (Mi...BiologyISBN:9781305117396Author:Cecie Starr, Christine Evers, Lisa StarrPublisher:Cengage Learning
Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781305389892Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillanPublisher:Cengage Learning
Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap...BiologyISBN:9781337408332Author:Cecie Starr, Ralph Taggart, Christine Evers, Lisa StarrPublisher:Cengage Learning
Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap...BiologyISBN:9781305073951Author:Cecie Starr, Ralph Taggart, Christine Evers, Lisa StarrPublisher:Cengage Learning
Biology (MindTap Course List)
Biology
ISBN:9781337392938
Author:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Biology Today and Tomorrow without Physiology (Mi...
Biology
ISBN:9781305117396
Author:Cecie Starr, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
Biology
ISBN:9781305389892
Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap...
Biology
ISBN:9781337408332
Author:Cecie Starr, Ralph Taggart, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap...
Biology
ISBN:9781305073951
Author:Cecie Starr, Ralph Taggart, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr
Publisher:Cengage Learning
An Introduction to the Human Genome | HMX Genetics; Author: Harvard University;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jEJp7B6u_dY;License: Standard Youtube License