Videos
Introduction :
Behaviour is the way an animal reacts to a stimulus. The stimulus is an external alteration that directly affects the behavior of the organism. Animal habits are innate and acquired habits that have evolved through natural selection. Learned habits are the product of associations between natural behavior and previous experiences in a specific environment.
Answer to Problem 4STP
Correct answer :
The correct answer is option (D) A rat learns that it can get food by pulling a lever.
Explanation of Solution
Explanation/justification for the correct answer :
Option (D) A rat learns that it can get food by pulling a lever. In operant conditioning, an animal learns to associate its response to a stimulus with a reward or punishment. In Skinner's experiment, a rat learns that it can get food by pulling a lever. So, this is the correct option.
Explanation for incorrect answer :
Option (A) A dog salivates when it hears a bell. It is an example of classical conditioning. The classical condition happens when there is an interaction between two different forms of stimuli. In Pavlov's experiment, a dog was taught to equate the sound of the bell with the unrelated sensation of meat control. The sound of the bell may produce a salivation response. So, this is an incorrect option.
Option (B) A horse becomes accustomed to street noises. Sometimes, animals learn over time that a potentially important stimulus deserves little or no attention. The horses have become habituated to street and crowd noise. Habituation can be thought of as learning not to respond to a stimulus. So, this is an incorrect answer.
Option (C) A newborn forms an attachment to the first animal seen after birth. Learning that can only occur during a fixed period in an animal's life and is life-long is called imprinting. The time during which the animal imprints is called the sensitive era. In certain species, the duration of sensitivity begins immediately after birth. Newborn offspring may develop a close bond with another animal as a parent during this period. So, this is an incorrect answer.
Chapter 34 Solutions
Biology Illinois Edition (Glencoe Science)
Additional Science Textbook Solutions
Campbell Biology: Concepts & Connections (9th Edition)
Introductory Chemistry (6th Edition)
Genetic Analysis: An Integrated Approach (3rd Edition)
Cosmic Perspective Fundamentals
Campbell Biology in Focus (2nd Edition)
Human Anatomy & Physiology (2nd Edition)
- What did the Cre-lox system used in the Kikuchi et al. 2010 heart regeneration experiment allow researchers to investigate? What was the purpose of the cmlc2 promoter? What is CreER and why was it used in this experiment? If constitutively active Cre was driven by the cmlc2 promoter, rather than an inducible CreER system, what color would you expect new cardiomyocytes in the regenerated area to be no matter what? Why?arrow_forwardWhat kind of organ size regulation is occurring when you graft multiple organs into a mouse and the graft weight stays the same?arrow_forwardWhat is the concept "calories consumed must equal calories burned" in regrads to nutrition?arrow_forward
- You intend to insert patched dominant negative DNA into the left half of the neural tube of a chick. 1) Which side of the neural tube would you put the positive electrode to ensure that the DNA ends up on the left side? 2) What would be the internal (within the embryo) control for this experiment? 3) How can you be sure that the electroporation method itself is not impacting the embryo? 4) What would you do to ensure that the electroporation is working? How can you tell?arrow_forwardDescribe a method to document the diffusion path and gradient of Sonic Hedgehog through the chicken embryo. If modifying the protein, what is one thing you have to consider in regards to maintaining the protein’s function?arrow_forwardThe following table is from Kumar et. al. Highly Selective Dopamine D3 Receptor (DR) Antagonists and Partial Agonists Based on Eticlopride and the D3R Crystal Structure: New Leads for Opioid Dependence Treatment. J. Med Chem 2016.arrow_forward
- The following figure is from Caterina et al. The capsaicin receptor: a heat activated ion channel in the pain pathway. Nature, 1997. Black boxes indicate capsaicin, white circles indicate resinferatoxin. You are a chef in a fancy new science-themed restaurant. You have a recipe that calls for 1 teaspoon of resinferatoxin, but you feel uncomfortable serving foods with "toxins" in them. How much capsaicin could you substitute instead?arrow_forwardWhat protein is necessary for packaging acetylcholine into synaptic vesicles?arrow_forward1. Match each vocabulary term to its best descriptor A. affinity B. efficacy C. inert D. mimic E. how drugs move through body F. how drugs bind Kd Bmax Agonist Antagonist Pharmacokinetics Pharmacodynamicsarrow_forward
- 50 mg dose of a drug is given orally to a patient. The bioavailability of the drug is 0.2. What is the volume of distribution of the drug if the plasma concentration is 1 mg/L? Be sure to provide units.arrow_forwardDetermine Kd and Bmax from the following Scatchard plot. Make sure to include units.arrow_forwardChoose a catecholamine neurotransmitter and describe/draw the components of the synapse important for its signaling including synthesis, packaging into vesicles, receptors, transporters/degradative enzymes. Describe 2 drugs that can act on this system.arrow_forward
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)BiologyISBN:9780134580999Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. HoehnPublisher:PEARSON
Biology 2eBiologyISBN:9781947172517Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann ClarkPublisher:OpenStax
Anatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781259398629Author:McKinley, Michael P., O'loughlin, Valerie Dean, Bidle, Theresa StouterPublisher:Mcgraw Hill Education,
Molecular Biology of the Cell (Sixth Edition)BiologyISBN:9780815344322Author:Bruce Alberts, Alexander D. Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morgan, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter WalterPublisher:W. W. Norton & Company
Laboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781260159363Author:Martin, Terry R., Prentice-craver, CynthiaPublisher:McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.
Inquiry Into Life (16th Edition)BiologyISBN:9781260231700Author:Sylvia S. Mader, Michael WindelspechtPublisher:McGraw Hill Education