Chapter 34, Problem 23A

Summary Introduction

To explain:

The difference between asthma, bronchitis and emphysema.

Introduction:

The function of the respiratory system is the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the atmosphere and the blood and between the blood and the body’s cells. The respiratory system can be divided into two processes and they are breathing and respiration.

Explanation of Solution

In asthma, respiratory pathways become irritated and bronchioles constrict. The problem occurs in the bronchi. It is not known the actual cause of the asthma.

In bronchitis, respiratory pathways become irritated, resulting in coughing and production of mucus. In chronic bronchitis, the problem occurs in the air tube. It is caused by exposure to allergic causes such as smoke from cigarettes, dust or pollution.

In emphysema, alveoli break down, resulting in reduced surface area needed for gas exchange with alveoli’s blood capillaries. In emphysema, the main problem occurs in the air sacs. Smoking is the major cause of emphysema.

Conclusion

These diseases and disorders irritate, inflame or infect the respiratory system. These disorders can produce tissue damage that reduces the effectiveness of the bronchi and alveoli.