Chemistry: An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry (13th Edition)
13th Edition
ISBN: 9780134421353
Author: Karen C. Timberlake
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 3.4, Problem 3.21PP
Discuss the changes in the potential and kinetic energy of a roller-coaster ride as the roller-coaster car climbs to the top and goes down the other side.
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Chapter 3 Solutions
Chemistry: An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry (13th Edition)
Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 3.1PPCh. 3.1 - Prob. 3.2PPCh. 3.1 - Classify each of the following as a pure substance...Ch. 3.1 - Classify each of the following as a pure substance...Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 3.5PPCh. 3.1 - Prob. 3.6PPCh. 3.2 - Indicate whether each of the following describes a...Ch. 3.2 - Indicate whether each of the following describes a...Ch. 3.2 - Describe each of the following as a physical or...Ch. 3.2 - Describe each of the following as a physical or...
Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 3.11PPCh. 3.2 - What type of change, physical or chemical, takes...Ch. 3.2 - Describe each property of the element fluorine as...Ch. 3.2 - Describe each property of the element zirconium as...Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 3.15PPCh. 3.3 - Prob. 3.16PPCh. 3.3 - Prob. 3.17PPCh. 3.3 - Calculate the unknown temperature in each of the...Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 3.19PPCh. 3.3 - a. Water is heated to 145 °F. What is the...Ch. 3.4 - Discuss the changes in the potential and kinetic...Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 3.22PPCh. 3.4 - Indicate whether each of the following statements...Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 3.24PPCh. 3.4 - Convert each of the following energy units: a....Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 3.26PPCh. 3.4 - The energy needed to keep a 75-wattlight bulb...Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 3.28PPCh. 3.5 - Calculate the kilocalories for each of the...Ch. 3.5 - Calculate the kilocalories for each of the...Ch. 3.5 - Using the energy values for foods (see TABLE3.7),...Ch. 3.5 - Using the energy values for foods (see TABLE3.7),...Ch. 3.5 - Prob. 3.33PPCh. 3.5 - Prob. 3.34PPCh. 3.5 - Prob. 3.35PPCh. 3.5 - Prob. 3.36PPCh. 3.6 - If the same amount of heat is supplied to samples...Ch. 3.6 - Substances A and B are the same mass and at the...Ch. 3.6 - Use the heat equation to calculate the energy for...Ch. 3.6 - Use the heat equation to calculate the energy for...Ch. 3.6 - Use the heat equation to calculate the energy, in...Ch. 3.6 - Use the heat equation to calculate the energy, in...Ch. 3.7 - Identify each of the following changes of state as...Ch. 3.7 - Identify each of the following changes of state as...Ch. 3.7 - Calculate the heat change at 0 °C for each of the...Ch. 3.7 - Prob. 3.46PPCh. 3.7 - Identify each of the following changes of state as...Ch. 3.7 - Identify each of the following changes of state as...Ch. 3.7 - Prob. 3.49PPCh. 3.7 - 3.50 Calculate the heat change at 100 °C for each...Ch. 3.7 - Prob. 3.51PPCh. 3.7 - Prob. 3.53PPCh. 3.7 - Prob. 3.54PPCh. 3.7 - Prob. 3.55PPCh. 3.7 - Prob. 3.56PPCh. 3.7 - Prob. 3.57PPCh. 3.7 - Prob. 3.58PPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.59UTCCh. 3 - Prob. 3.60UTCCh. 3 - Prob. 3.61UTCCh. 3 - Prob. 3.62UTCCh. 3 - Prob. 3.63UTCCh. 3 - Prob. 3.64UTCCh. 3 - Prob. 3.65UTCCh. 3 - Prob. 3.66UTCCh. 3 - Calculate the energy to heat two cubes (gold and...Ch. 3 - Calculate the energy to heat two cubes (silver and...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.69UTCCh. 3 - Prob. 3.70UTCCh. 3 - Prob. 3.71APPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.72APPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.73APPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.74APPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.75APPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.76APPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.77APPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.78APPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.79APPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.80APPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.81APPCh. 3 - Calculate each of the following temperatures in...Ch. 3 - What is 15 °F in degrees Celsius and in kelvins?...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.84APPCh. 3 - A 0.50-g sample of vegetable oil is placed in a...Ch. 3 - A 1.3-g sample of rice is placed in a calorimeter....Ch. 3 - On a hot day, the beach sand gets hot but the...Ch. 3 - On a hot sunny day, you get out of the swimming...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.89APPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.90APPCh. 3 - The melting point of dibromomethane is 53 °C and...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.92APPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.93APPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.94APPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.95APPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.96APPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.97CPCh. 3 - A 45-g piece of ice at 0.0 °C is added to a sample...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.99CPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.100CPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.101CPCh. 3 - A 115-g sample of steam at 100 °C is emitted from...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.103CPCh. 3 - 3.104 A 125-g piece of metal is heated to 288 °C...Ch. 3 - A metal is thought to be titanium or aluminum....Ch. 3 - 3.106 A metal is thought to be copper or gold....Ch. 3 - Gold, one of the most sought-after metals in the...Ch. 3 - The mileage for a motorcycle with a fuel-tank...Ch. 3 - Answer the following for water samples A and B...Ch. 3 - Prob. 4CICh. 3 - Prob. 5CICh. 3 - Prob. 6CI
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- If 100. J of heat energy is applied to a 25-g sample of mercury, by how many degrees will the temperature of the sample of mercury increase? (See Table 10.1.)arrow_forwardAs a child plays on a swing, at what point in her movement is her kinetic energy the greatest? At what point is potential energy at its maximum?arrow_forwardA book is held 6 feet above the floor and then dropped. Which statement is true? a.The potential energy of the book is converted to kinetic energy. b.The potential energy of the book is destroyed. c.Kinetic energy is created. d.The total energy of the system will not be conserved.arrow_forward
- A 45-g aluminum spoon (specific heat 0.88 J/g C) at 24 C is placed in 180 mL (180 g) of coffee at 85 C and the temperature of the two become equal. (a) What is the final temperature when the two become equal? Assume that coffee has the same specific heat as water. (b) The first time a student solved this problem she got an answer of 88 C. Explain why this is clearly an incorrect answer.arrow_forwardDuring a recent winter month in Sheboygan, Wisconsin, it was necessary to obtain 3500 kWh of heat provided by a natural gas furnace with 89% efficiency to keep a small house warm (the efficiency of a gas furnace is the percent of the heat produced by combustion that is transferred into the house). (a) Assume that natural gas is pure methane and determine the volume of natural gas in cubic feet that was required to heat the house. The average temperature of the natural gas was 56 F; at this temperature and a pressure of 1 atm, natural gas has a density of 0.68 1 g/L. (b) How many gallons of LPG (liquefied petroleum gas) would be required to replace the natural gas used? Assume the LPG is liquid propane [ C3H8 : density, 0.5318 g/mL; enthalpy of combustion, 2219 Id/mo for the formation of CO2(g) and H2O(l) ] and the furnace used to burn the LPG has the same efficiency as the gas furnace. (c) What mass of carbon dioxide is produced by combustion of the methane used to heat the house? (d) What mass of water is produced by combustion of the methane used to heat the house? (e) What volume of air is required to provide the oxygen for the combustion of the methane used to heat the house? Air contains 23% oxygen by mass. The average density of air during the month was 1.22 g/L. (f) How many kilowatt—hours ( 1kWh=3.6106 J) of electricity would be required to provide the heat necessary to heat the house? Note electricity is 100% efficient in producing heat inside a house. (g) Although electricity is 100% efficient in producing heat inside a house, production and distribution of electricity is not 100% efficient. The efficiency of production and distribution of electricity produced in a coal-fired power plant is about 40%. A certain type of coal provides 2.26 kWh per pound upon combustion. What mass of this coal in kilograms will be required to produce the electrical energy necessary to heat the house if the efficiency of generation and distribution is 40%?arrow_forwardHow much heat is required to raise the temperature of 100. grams of water from 25C near room temperature to 100.C its boiling point? The specific heat of water is approximately 4.2Jperg-K. a.3.2104J b.32J c.4.2104J d.76Jarrow_forward
- Differentiate between the enthalpy of formation of H2O(l)andH2O(g) . Why is it necessary to specify thephysical state of water in the following thermochemicalequation CH4(g)+2O2(g)CO2(g)+2H2O(lorg)H=?arrow_forwardWhat are the differentiating factors between potential and kinetic energy? a.Properties-physical or chemical b.State-solid or liquid c.Temperature-high or low d.Activity-in motion or in storagearrow_forwardWhich produces more heat? Os(s)2O2(g)OsO4(s)orOs(s)2O2(g)OsO4(g) for the phase change OsO4(s)OsO4(g)H=56.4kJarrow_forward
- Consider the following diagram when answering the questions below. a. Compare balls A and B in terms of potential energy in both the initial and final setups. b. Ball A has stopped moving in the figure on the right above, but energy must be conserved. What happened to the potential energy of ball A?arrow_forwardCopper is used in building the integrated circuits, chips, and printed circuit boards for computers. When 228 J of heat are absorbed by 125 g of copper at 22.38C, the temperature rises to 27.12C. What is the specific heat of copper?arrow_forwardThe BTU (British thermal unit) is the unit of energy most commonly used in the United States. One joule=9.48104 BTU. What is the specific heat of water in BTU/lbF? (Specific heat of water is 4.18 J/g C.)arrow_forward
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