Fundamentals of Physics Extended
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781118230725
Author: David Halliday, Robert Resnick, Jearl Walker
Publisher: Wiley, John & Sons, Incorporated
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 34, Problem 114P
Light travels from point A to point B via reflection at point O on the surface of a mirror. Without using calculus, show that length AOB is a minimum when the angle of incidence θ is equal to the angle of reflection ϕ. (Hint: Consider the image of A in the mirror.)
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
A ray of light crosses the boundary between some substance with n = 1.61 and air, going from the substance into air. If the angle of incidence is 18◦ what is the angle of refraction?
Calculate to 1decimal.
A ray of light is incident on the mid-point of a glass prism surface at an angle of 23.4° with the normal. For the glass, n = 1.60, and the prism apex angle is 51.8°. What is the angle of incidence at the glass-to-air surface on the side opposite where the ray exits the prism?
A ray of light is incident in air on a block of a transparent solid whose index of refraction is n. If n = 1.38, what is the largest angle of incidence θa for which total internal reflection will occur at the vertical face
Chapter 34 Solutions
Fundamentals of Physics Extended
Ch. 34 - Figure 34-25 shows a fish and a fish stalker in...Ch. 34 - In Fig. 34-26, stick figure O stands in front of a...Ch. 34 - Figure 34-27 is an overhead view of a mirror maze...Ch. 34 - A penguin waddles along the central axis of a...Ch. 34 - When a T. rex pursues a jeep in the movie Jurassic...Ch. 34 - An object is placed against the center of a...Ch. 34 - The table details six variations of the basic...Ch. 34 - An object is placed against the center of a...Ch. 34 - Figure 34-30 shows four thin lenses, all of the...Ch. 34 - In Fig. 34-26, stick figure O stands in front of a...
Ch. 34 - Figure 34-31 shows a coordinate system in front of...Ch. 34 - You look through a camera towards an image of a...Ch. 34 - ILW A moth at about eye level is 10 cm in front of...Ch. 34 - In Fig. 34-32, an isotropic point source of light...Ch. 34 - Figure 34-33 shows an overhead view of a corridor...Ch. 34 - SSM WWW Figure 34-34 shows a small lightbulb...Ch. 34 - An object is moved along the central axis of a...Ch. 34 - A concave shaving mirror has a radius of curvature...Ch. 34 - An object is placed against the center of a...Ch. 34 - 9 through 16 GO 12 SSM 9, 11, 13 Spherical...Ch. 34 - 9 through 16 GO 12 SSM 9, 11, 13 Spherical...Ch. 34 - 9 through 16 GO 12 SSM 9, 11, 13 Spherical...Ch. 34 - 9 through 16 GO 12 SSM 9, 11, 13 Spherical...Ch. 34 - 9 through 16 GO 12 SSM 9, 11, 13 Spherical...Ch. 34 - 9 through 16 GO 12 SSM 9, 11, 13 Spherical...Ch. 34 - 9 through 16 GO 12 SSM 9, 11, 13 Spherical...Ch. 34 - 9 through 16 GO 12 SSM 9, 11, 13 Spherical...Ch. 34 - 17 through 29 GO 22 SSM 23, 29 More mirrors....Ch. 34 - 17 through 29 GO 22 SSM 23, 29 More mirrors....Ch. 34 - 17 through 29 GO 22 SSM 23, 29 More mirrors....Ch. 34 - 17 through 29 GO 22 SSM 23, 29 More mirrors....Ch. 34 - 17 through 29 GO 22 SSM 23, 29 More mirrors....Ch. 34 - 17 through 29 GO 22 SSM 23, 29 More mirrors....Ch. 34 - 17 through 29 GO 22 SSM 23, 29 More mirrors....Ch. 34 - 17 through 29 GO 22 SSM 23, 29 More mirrors....Ch. 34 - 17 through 29 GO 22 SSM 23, 29 More mirrors....Ch. 34 - 17 through 29 GO 22 SSM 23, 29 More mirrors....Ch. 34 - 17 through 29 GO 22 SSM 23, 29 More mirrors....Ch. 34 - 17 through 29 GO 22SSM 23, 29 More mirrors. Object...Ch. 34 - 17 through 29 GO 22 SSM 23, 29 More mirrors....Ch. 34 - GO Figure 34-37 gives the lateral magnification m...Ch. 34 - a A luminous point is moving at speed vo towards a...Ch. 34 - 32 through 38 GO 37, 38 SSM 33, 35 Spherical...Ch. 34 - 32 through 38 GO 37, 38 SSM 33, 35 Spherical...Ch. 34 - 32 through 38 GO 37, 38 SSM 33, 35 Spherical...Ch. 34 - 32 through 38 GO 37, 38 SSM 33, 35 Spherical...Ch. 34 - 32 through 38 GO 37, 38 SSM 33, 35 Spherical...Ch. 34 - 32 through 38 GO 37, 38 SSM 33, 35 Spherical...Ch. 34 - 32 through 38 GO 37, 38 SSM 33, 35 Spherical...Ch. 34 - In Fig. 34-38, a beam of parallel light rays from...Ch. 34 - A glass sphere has radius R = 5.0 cm and index of...Ch. 34 - A lens is made of glass having an index of...Ch. 34 - Figure 34-40 gives the lateral magnification m of...Ch. 34 - A movie camera with a single lens of focal length...Ch. 34 - An object is placed against the center of a thin...Ch. 34 - You produce an image of the Sun on a screen, using...Ch. 34 - An object is placed against the center of a thin...Ch. 34 - SSM WWW A double-convex lens is to be made of...Ch. 34 - An object is moved along the central axis of a...Ch. 34 - SSM An illuminated slide is held 44 cm from a...Ch. 34 - 50 through 57 GO 55, 57 SSM 53 Thin lenses. Object...Ch. 34 - 50 through 57 GO 55, 57 SSM 53 Thin lenses. Object...Ch. 34 - 50 through 57 GO 55, 57 SSM 53 Thin lenses. Object...Ch. 34 - 50 through 57 GO 55, 57 SSM 53 Thin lenses. Object...Ch. 34 - 50 through 57 GO 55, 57 SSM 53 Thin lenses. Object...Ch. 34 - 50 through 57 GO 55, 57 SSM 53 Thin lenses. Object...Ch. 34 - 50 through 57 GO 55, 57 SSM 53 Thin lenses. Object...Ch. 34 - 50 through 57 GO 55, 57 SSM 53 Thin lenses. Object...Ch. 34 - 58 through 67 GO 61 SSM 59 Lenses with given...Ch. 34 - 58 through 67 GO 61 SSM 59 Lenses with given...Ch. 34 - 58 through 67 GO 61 SSM 59 Lenses with given...Ch. 34 - 58 through 67 GO 61 SSM 59 Lenses with given...Ch. 34 - 58 through 67 GO 61 SSM 59 Lenses with given...Ch. 34 - 58 through 67 GO 61 SSM 59 Lenses with given...Ch. 34 - 58 through 67 GO 61 SSM 59 Lenses with given...Ch. 34 - 58 through 67 GO 61 SSM 59 Lenses with given...Ch. 34 - 58 through 67 GO 61 SSM 59 Lenses with given...Ch. 34 - 58 through 67 GO 61 SSM 59 Lenses with given...Ch. 34 - In Fig. 34-44, a real inverted image I of an...Ch. 34 - 69 through 79 GO 76, 78 SSM 75, 77 More lenses....Ch. 34 - 69 through 79 GO 76, 78 SSM 75, 77 More lenses....Ch. 34 - 69 through 79 GO 76, 78 SSM 75, 77 More lenses....Ch. 34 - 69 through 79 GO 76, 78 SSM 75, 77 More lenses....Ch. 34 - 69 through 79 GO 76, 78 SSM 75, 77 More lenses....Ch. 34 - 69 through 79 GO 76, 78 SSM 75, 77 More lenses....Ch. 34 - 69 through 79 GO 76, 78 SSM 75, 77 More lenses....Ch. 34 - 69 through 79 GO 76, 78 SSM 75, 77 More lenses....Ch. 34 - 69 through 79 GO 76, 78 SSM 75, 77 More lenses....Ch. 34 - 69 through 79 GO 76, 78 SSM 75, 77 More lenses....Ch. 34 - 69 through 79 GO 76, 78 SSM 75, 77 More lenses....Ch. 34 - 80 through 87 GO 80, 87 SSM WWW 83 Two-lens...Ch. 34 - 80 through 87 GO 80, 87 SSM WWW 83 Two-lens...Ch. 34 - 80 through 87 GO 80, 87 SSM WWW 83 Two-lens...Ch. 34 - 80 through 87 GO 80, 87 SSM WWW 83 Two-lens...Ch. 34 - 80 through 87 GO 80, 87 SSM WWW 83 Two-lens...Ch. 34 - 80 through 87 GO 80, 87 SSM WWW 83 Two-lens...Ch. 34 - 80 through 87 GO 80, 87 SSM WWW 83 Two-lens...Ch. 34 - 80 through 87 GO 80, 87 SSM WWW 83 Two-lens...Ch. 34 - If the angular magnification of an astronomical...Ch. 34 - SSM In a microscope of the type shown in the Fig....Ch. 34 - Figure 34-46a shows the basic structure of an old...Ch. 34 - SSM Figure 34-47a shows the basic structure of a...Ch. 34 - An object is 10.0 mm from the objective of a...Ch. 34 - Someone with a near point Pn of 25 cm views a...Ch. 34 - An object is placed against the center of a...Ch. 34 - 95 through 100 GO 95, 96, 99 Three-lens systems....Ch. 34 - 95 through 100 GO 95, 96, 99 Three-lens systems....Ch. 34 - 95 through 100 GO 95, 96, 99 Three-lens systems....Ch. 34 - 95 through 100 GO 95, 96, 99 Three-lens systems....Ch. 34 - 95 through 100 GO 95, 96, 99 Three-lens systems....Ch. 34 - 95 through 100 GO 95, 96, 99 Three-lens systems....Ch. 34 - SSM The formula 1/p 1/i = 1/f is called the...Ch. 34 - Figure 34-50a is an overhead view of two vertical...Ch. 34 - SSM Two thin lenses of focal lengths f1 and f2 are...Ch. 34 - Two plane mirrors are placed parallel to each...Ch. 34 - In Fig. 34-51, a box is somewhere at the left, on...Ch. 34 - In Fig. 34-52, an object is placed in front of a...Ch. 34 - SSM A fruit fly of height H sits in front of lens...Ch. 34 - You grind the lenses shown in Fig. 34-53 from flat...Ch. 34 - In Fig. 34-54, a fish watcher at point P watches a...Ch. 34 - A goldfish in a spherical fish bowl of radius R is...Ch. 34 - Figure 34-56 shows a beam expander made with two...Ch. 34 - You look down at a coin that lies at the bottom of...Ch. 34 - A pinhole camera has the hole a distance 12 cm...Ch. 34 - Light travels from point A to point B via...Ch. 34 - A point object is 10 cm away from a plane mirror,...Ch. 34 - Show that the distance between an object and its...Ch. 34 - A luminous object and a screen are a fixed...Ch. 34 - An eraser of height 1.0 cm is placed 10.0 cm in...Ch. 34 - A peanut is placed 40 cm in front of a two-lens...Ch. 34 - A coin is placed 20 cm in front of a two-lens...Ch. 34 - An object is 20 cm to the left of a thin diverging...Ch. 34 - In Fig 34-58 a pinecone is at distance p1 = 1.0 m...Ch. 34 - One end of a long glass rod n = 1.5 is a convex...Ch. 34 - A short straight object of length L lies along the...Ch. 34 - Prove that if a plane mirror is rotated through an...Ch. 34 - An object is 30.0 cm from a spherical mirror,...Ch. 34 - A concave mirror has a radius of curvature of 24...Ch. 34 - A pepper seed is placed in front of a lens. The...Ch. 34 - The equation 1/p 1/i = 2/r for spherical mirrors...Ch. 34 - A small cup of green tea is positioned on the...Ch. 34 - A 20-mm-thick layer of water n = 1.33 floats on a...Ch. 34 - A millipede sits 1.0 m in front of the nearest...Ch. 34 - a Show that if the object O in Fig. 34-19c is...Ch. 34 - Isaac Newton, having convinced himself erroneously...Ch. 34 - A narrow beam of parallel light rays is incident...Ch. 34 - A corner reflector, much used in optical,...Ch. 34 - A cheese enchilada is 4.00 cm in front of a...Ch. 34 - A grasshopper hops to a point on the central axis...Ch. 34 - In Fig. 34-60, a sand grain is 3.00 cm from thin...Ch. 34 - Suppose the farthest distance a person can see...Ch. 34 - A simple magnifier of focal length f is placed...
Additional Science Textbook Solutions
Find more solutions based on key concepts
You have generated three transgenic lines of maize that are resistant to the European corn borer, a significant...
Genetic Analysis: An Integrated Approach (3rd Edition)
Carefully examine the common sedimentary rocks shown In Figure 2.13. Use these photos and the preceding discuss...
Applications and Investigations in Earth Science (9th Edition)
61. What is the pH of a solution in which 224 mL of HCl(g), measured at 27.2 °C and 1.02 atm, is dissolved in 1...
Chemistry: A Molecular Approach (4th Edition)
Explain all answers clearly, with complete sentences and proper essay structure if needed. An asterisk (*) desi...
Cosmic Perspective Fundamentals
62. Two 5.0 g point charges on 1.0-m-long threads repel each other after being charged to + 100 nC, as shown i...
Physics for Scientists and Engineers: A Strategic Approach, Vol. 1 (Chs 1-21) (4th Edition)
The required volume of 0.1 M NaOH to neutralize 2.0 L of 0.050 M HCl is to be determined. Concept introduction:...
Living By Chemistry: First Edition Textbook
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, physics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- For specular reflection, what is the situation with an angle of incidence of (a) 0 and (b) 90?arrow_forwardThe index of refraction for water is about 43. What happens as a beam of light travels from air into water? (a) Its speed increases to 43c, and its frequency decreases. (b) Its speed decreases to 34c, and its wavelength decreases by a factor of 34. (c) Its speed decreases to 34c, and its wavelength increases by a factor of 43. (d) Its speed and frequency remain the same. (e) Its speed decreases to 34c, and its frequency increases.arrow_forwardLight traveling in a medium of index of refraction n1 is incident on another medium having an index of refraction n2. Under which of the following conditions can total internal reflection occur at the interface of the two media? (a) The indices of refraction have the relation n2 n1. (b) The indices of refraction have the relation n1 n2. (c) Light travels slower in the second medium than in the first. (d) The angle of incidence is less than the critical angle. (e) The angle of incidence must equal the angle of refraction.arrow_forward
- The end of a solid glass rod of refractive index 1.50 is polished to have the shape of a hemispherical surface of radius 1.0 cm. A small object is placed in air (refractive index 1.00) on the axis 5.0 cm to the left of the vertex. Determine the position of the image.arrow_forwardWhat happens to a light wave when it travels from air into glass? (a) Its speed remains the same. (b) Its speed increases. (c) Its wavelength increases. (d) Its wavelength remains the same. (e) Its frequency remains the same.arrow_forwardTwo smooth reflecting surfaces (A and B) are perpendicular to each other. Light strikes surface A at a point 12 cm from the point of intersection of surfaces A and B. If the angle of incidence θ1 = 300, how far from the point of intersection of the two surfaces will the reflected light from surface A strike surface B?arrow_forward
- Choose the correct statement regarding light traveling in air and glass mediums. Assume that the angle of incidence is not perpendicular to the surface. Refractive index of air is nair=1.00029; refractive index of glass is nglass=1.517. For light traveling from glass to air, the ray becomes bent toward the normal. O Light travels at a slower speed in air than in glass. For light traveling from air to glass, the ray becomes bent away from the normal. O For light traveling from air to glass, the incidence angle is larger than the refraction angle. O For light traveling from glass to air, the refraction angle is smaller than the incidence angle. Submit Answer Tries 0/2 Post Discussion Send Feedbaclarrow_forwardWalking by a lake, you notice that a light ray from the sun reflects from the lake surface back to you. If the angle of incidence is 24°, what is the angle between the reflected ray and the incident ray at the water surface?arrow_forwardA beam of light, traveling in air, strikes a plate of transparent material at an angle of incidence of 62.0°. It is observed that the reflected and refracted beams form an angle of 90.0°. What is the index of refraction of this material?arrow_forward
- A piece of glass has an index of refraction of 1.5 and is submerged in water with n=1.33. A beam of monochrome light is incident on the glass and is refracted. (a) Find the angle of refraction if the angle of incidence is 32⁰. (b) Now, assume that the light is initially in the glass and incident on the glass-water surface. What is the refraction of light?arrow_forwardA ray of light impinges from air onto a block of ice (n = 1.309) at a 32.0° angle of incidence. Assuming that this angle remains the same, find the difference 2,ice - 2,water in the angles when the ice turns to water (n = 1.333).arrow_forwardA light ray hits an equilateral triangular prism (surrounded by air) with an angle of incidence e1. The light leaves the prism from the opposite facet in a direction 04 = 50.9° with respect to the normal. If the angle of refraction at surface 1is 02 = 29.3", then the angle of incidence 1 is: surface 1 60° 04 01 = ? 29.3 n = ? 01 = 39.49 01 = 40.51 O 01 = 48.06° 01 = 43.25° 01 = 50.85arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Principles of Physics: A Calculus-Based TextPhysicsISBN:9781133104261Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. JewettPublisher:Cengage Learning
Physics for Scientists and EngineersPhysicsISBN:9781337553278Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. JewettPublisher:Cengage Learning
Physics for Scientists and Engineers with Modern ...PhysicsISBN:9781337553292Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. JewettPublisher:Cengage Learning
Physics for Scientists and Engineers: Foundations...PhysicsISBN:9781133939146Author:Katz, Debora M.Publisher:Cengage Learning
An Introduction to Physical SciencePhysicsISBN:9781305079137Author:James Shipman, Jerry D. Wilson, Charles A. Higgins, Omar TorresPublisher:Cengage Learning
Principles of Physics: A Calculus-Based Text
Physics
ISBN:9781133104261
Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Physics for Scientists and Engineers
Physics
ISBN:9781337553278
Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Physics for Scientists and Engineers with Modern ...
Physics
ISBN:9781337553292
Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Physics for Scientists and Engineers: Foundations...
Physics
ISBN:9781133939146
Author:Katz, Debora M.
Publisher:Cengage Learning
An Introduction to Physical Science
Physics
ISBN:9781305079137
Author:James Shipman, Jerry D. Wilson, Charles A. Higgins, Omar Torres
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Laws of Refraction of Light | Don't Memorise; Author: Don't Memorise;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4l2thi5_84o;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY