Concept explainers
To describe:
The advantage of four-chambered heart with its two separate pumps.
Introduction:
The heart pumps blood throughout the body and provides transport of oxygen and the other gases. The number of chambers present in the heart defines the three major heart types; two-chambered, three-chambered, and four-chambered heart.
Explanation of Solution
The four-chambered heart has evolved from the three-chambered heart of amphibians and the two-chambered heart of fishes. The four-chambered heart contains two pumps (atria and ventricle) and two circulatory systems (pulmonary and systematic system), and have the following advantages over three and two-chambered heart;
Efficiency: The four-chambered heart separates the oxygenated and deoxygenated blood from mixing. Superior chambers receive the blood and pump it to the inferior chambers. The efficiency of the heart is increased by the separation of blood which is received and pumped out from the heart.
Pressure: The four-chambered heart has a double circulatory system which contains blood under high pressure, which allows transportation of nutrients and gases at a rapid rate.
Power: In association with the respiratory and circulatory system, a four-chambered heart provides a rich supply of oxygen and nutrients to the tissues in the body, which is responsible for energy generation in the body.
It also helps in maintaining higher
Efficiency, rapid transportation, and energy generation are the main advantage of the four-chambered heart with two pumps.
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Chapter 33 Solutions
Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology (11th Edition)
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