BIOCHEMISTRY
9th Edition
ISBN: 2818440090622
Author: BERG
Publisher: MAC HIGHER
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Chapter 32, Problem 5P
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
The mechanism of action of anti-inducers should be determined.
Concept introduction:
E. Coli contains of lac operon, which is involved in lactose
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How are drugs absorbed through inhalation? Please give the key pharmacokinetic ideas of pulmonary absorption including references to lipid solubility.
The carbon-nitrogen peptide bond is rigid, but rotation can take place
about the bond between the nitrogen and a-carbon atoms and the bond
between the a-carbon and the carbonyl carbon atom. These bond angles
define the conformation of the peptide chain.
Consider the Ramachandran plot shown to answer both questions.
fr (degrees)
180
120
8280
60
°
-60
Which observation most likely describes part of an observed a helix?
p=-59 degrees; y = +150 degrees; many Ser residues
qp=-140 degrees; w +130 degrees; many Val residues
qp=-57 degrees; y = -47 degrees; many Pro residues
qp=-60 degrees; y = -47 degrees; many Ala residues
p = +60 degrees; y = +40 degrees; many Gly residues
Which observations would not likely occur in a ẞ sheet?
qp=-59 degrees; y = -49 degrees; many Ala residues
qp = +60 degrees; w = +60 degrees; many Gly residues
qp=-120 degrees; y = +120 degrees; many Tyr residues
☐ ☐
qp=-139 degrees; y = +135 degrees; many Val residues
op=-51 degrees; w+153 degrees; many Gly and Pro…
Please give an intuitive explanation of the difference, if any, between toxicokinetics and pharmacokinetics.
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- A protein biochemist attempted to determine the amino acid sequence of a decapeptide. The results from the trypsin, chymotrypsin, and cyanogen bromide treatments are shown: ⚫ Trypsin digestion gave two fragments with multiple residues (not in order): • T1: Ala, Arg, Phe, Gly, Thr, Trp, Tyr o T2: Lys, Met, Val Chymotrypsin digestion gave four fragments with multiple residues (not in order): • CT1: Ala, Phe • CT2: Thr, Trp • CT3: Lys, Met, Tyr, Val 。 CT4: Arg, Gly ⚫ Treatment with cyanogen bromide yielded a single amino acid, methionine, and a nonapeptide. What is a possible sequence of the decapeptide? Use three-letter abbreviations in your answer, and add a dash between each residue.arrow_forwardA protein biochemist attempted to determine the amino acid sequence of a decapeptide. The results from the trypsin, chymotrypsin, and cyanogen bromide treatments are shown: • Trypsin digestion gave two fragments with multiple residues (not in order): T1: Ala, Arg, Phe, Gly, Thr, Trp, Tyr • T2: Lys, Met, Val Chymotrypsin digestion gave four fragments with multiple residues (not in order): • CTI: Ala, Phe 。 CT2: Thr, Trp • CT3: Lys, Met, Tyr, Val 。 CT4: Arg, Gly ⚫ Treatment with cyanogen bromide yielded a single amino acid, methionine, and a nonapeptide. What is a possible sequence of the decapeptide? Use three-letter abbreviations in your answer, and add a dash between each residue.arrow_forwardPoly-L-leucine in an organic solvent such as dioxane is a helical, whereas poly-L-isoleucine is not. Why do these amino acids with the same number and kinds of atoms have different helix-forming tendencies? L-isoleucine's methyl group sterically interferes with α-helix formation, whereas L-leucine's methyl group does not interfere. L-isoleucine lacks an NH group that can donate a hydrogen bond to stabilize an a helix, whereas L-leucine has an NH group. L-isoleucine contains a hydrogen-bond acceptor in close proximity to the main chain, whereas L-leucine lacks this group. L-isoleucine's ring structure prevents it from assuming the op value to fit into an a helix, whereas L-isoleucine does not have a ring structure.arrow_forward
- Samples of the octapeptide AVGWRVKS are subjected to proteolytic cleavage by either trypsin or chymotrypsin. Select the most appropriate technique for separating the digestion products of AVGWRVKS if cleaved by trypsin. salting out ion-exchange chromatography gel-filtration chromatography dialysis Select the most appropriate technique for separating the digestion products of AVGWRVKS if cleaved by chymotrypsin. ion-exchange chromatography gel-filtration chromatography dialysis salting outarrow_forwardClassify each description as corresponding to DNA or RNA. DNA a single molecule that can be over 10,000,000 nucleotides long Answer Bank usually single stranded RNA makes up the genome for eukaryotic organisms a single molecule that can form a complex secondary structure usually double stranded can be translated into a protein includes deoxyribose sugar includes the base uracilarrow_forwardA protein biochemist attempted to determine the amino acid sequence of a decapeptide. The results from the trypsin, chymotrypsin, and cyanogen bromide treatments are shown: • Trypsin digestion gave two fragments with multiple residues (not in order): T1: Ala, Arg, Phe, Gly, Thr, Trp, Tyr • T2: Lys, Met, Val ⚫ Chymotrypsin digestion gave four fragments with multiple residues (not in order): • CT1: Ala, Phe ° • CT2: Thr, Trp 。 CT3: Lys, Met, Tyr, Val • CT4: Arg, Gly ⚫ Treatment with cyanogen bromide yielded a single amino acid, methionine, and a nonapeptide. What is a possible sequence of the decapeptide? Use three-letter abbreviations in your answer, and add a dash between each residue. sequence:arrow_forward
- Classify each nucleotide or nucleoside by the type of base and sugar present in each image. HO. -CH₂ 0 NH₂ OH OH OH он NH Classify the molecule. Opurine, deoxyribose purine, ribose Opyrimidine, deoxyribose pyrimidine, ribose NH₂ Classify the molecule. purine, deoxyribose Opyrimidine, ribose Opurine, ribose pyrimidine, deoxyribose H₂C. ·CH₂ NH Classify the molecule. pyrimidine, ribose Opurine, deoxyribose O purine, ribose Opyrimidine, deoxyribose OHarrow_forwardWrite the complementary sequence for GACATC. Write the new sequence in the standard 5'-to-3' notation. 5'- -3'arrow_forwardSuppose that you are given a mixture of proteins, whose properties are provided in the table. Isoelectric point (pl) Molecular weight (in kDa) Protein A 4.1 80 Protein B 9.0 81 Protein C 8.8 37 Protein D 3.9 172 Select one combination of techniques that can be used to isolate Protein B from Proteins A, C, and D. gel filtration chromatography and ultracentrifugation dialysis and ultracentrifugation dialysis and ion exchange chromatography ion exchange chromatography and gel filtration chromatographyarrow_forward
- In their famous experiment, Matthew Meselson and Franklin Stahl grew E. coli cells in a medium containing only the "heavy" isotope of nitrogen, 15N. These cells were then transferred to a medium with the "light" isotope of nitrogen, 14N. The results of the experiment supported the hypothesis of semiconservative replication, which was proposed by Watson and Crick. Heavy DNA (15N DNA), hybrid DNA, and light DNA (14N DNA) can be separated by centrifugation. If cells containing 15N DNA are transferred to a medium with only 14NH4Cl as a nitrogen source, what percentage of daughter molecules are composed of hybrid DNA after 3 generations? daughter molecules composed of hybrid DNA: Predict what percentage of daughter molecules would be composed of hybrid DNA if DNA exhibited conservative replication (i.e., if a daughter DNA molecule were composed of only newly synthesized DNA). daughter molecules composed of hybrid DNA: % %arrow_forwardWhich of these amino acids have R groups that have hydrogen-bonding potential? Ser Ile Glu Tyr Ala Thrarrow_forwardSelect the true statements about SDS-PAGE, a method of separating proteins. Assume that SDS-PAGE is performed under reducing conditions. Proteins are visualized using a dye that binds to the gel matrix, but not to proteins. Protein-SDS complexes have similar mass to charge ratios; therefore, separation is by size. Proteins are separated in a polyacrylamide gel matrix. Protein-SDS complexes migrate toward the negative electrode. Smaller proteins migrate faster through the polyacrylamide gel. Sodium dodecyl sulfate binds proteins, resulting in SDS-protein complexes that are similar in size.arrow_forward
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