Properties of Linear Functions Exercises S-
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- High School Graduates The following table shows the number, in millions, graduating from high school in the United States in the given year. Year Number graduating in millions 1985 2.83 1987 2.65 1989 2.47 1991 2.29 a. By calculating difference, show that these data can be modeled using a linear function. b. What is the slope for the linear function modeling high school graduations? Explain in practical terms the meaning of the slope. c. Find a formula for a linear function that models these data. d. Express, using functional notation, the number graduating from high school in 1994, and then use your formula from part c to calculate that value.arrow_forwardThe number of people afflicted with the common cold in the winter months dropped steadily by 50 each yearsince 2004 until 2010. In 2004, 875 people were inflicted. Find the linear function that models the number of people afflicted with the common cold C as a function of theyear, t. When will no one be afflicted?arrow_forwardDropping Rocks on Mars The behavior of objects falling near Earths surface depends on the mass of Earth. On Mars, a much smaller planet than Earth, things are different. If Galileo had performed his experiment on Mars, he would have obtained the following table of data. t = seconds V = feet per second 0 0 1 12.16 2 24.32 3 36.48 4 48.64 5 60.8 a. Show that these data can be modeled by a linear function, and find a formula for the function. b. Calculate V10 and explain in practical terms what your answer means. c. Galileo found that the acceleration due to gravity of an object falling near Earths surface was 32 feet per second per second. Physicists normally denote this number by the letter g. If Galileo had lived on Mars, what value would he have found for g?arrow_forward
- Price of Amazons Kindle The following table shows the price of Amazons Kindle 2 e-book reader. It is adapted from data available on the web. Here time is measured in months since February 2009, when the Kindle was launched. Time Price 0 349 5 299 10 249 15 199 a. By calculating differences, show that these data can be modeled using a linear function. b. Find a linear formula that models these data. Be careful about the sign of the slope. c. What price does your formula from part b project for January 2012 35 months after the Kindle was launched? Note: The web data were the basis for speculation that some day the Kindle would be free.arrow_forwardTEST YOUR UNDERSTADING FOR EXAMPLE 3.5 A donation to the university is required for the privilege of purchasing premium season football passes. The cost is a linear function of the number of season passes. It costs 8000 to get season passes for myself and my spouse. To get passes for my entire family of 5, it costs 17,000. Use a formula to express the total cost C, in dollars, of n season passes. EXAMPLE 3.5 CHANGING CELSIUS TO FAHRENHEIT Temperature F=F(C) in Fahrenheit is a linear function of the temperature C in Celsius. A lab assistant placed a Fahrenheit thermometer beside a Celsius thermometer and observed the following: When the Celsius thermometer reads 30 degree (C=30), the Fahrenheit thermometer reads 86 degrees (F=86). When the Celsius thermometer reads 40 degrees, the Fahrenheit thermometer reads 104 degrees. Part 1 Use a formula to express F as a linear function of C. Part 2 At sea level, water boils at 212 degrees Fahrenheit. What temperature in degrees Celsius makes water boil? Part 3 Explain in practical terms what the slope means in this setting.arrow_forwardRate of Change for a Linear Function If f is the linear function f=45x, what is the value of dfdx?arrow_forward
- Run from Slope and Rise Suppose that f is a linear function with slope 3.4 and that f(1)6. What value of x gives f(x)=0?arrow_forwardTuition at American Public Universities This is a continuation of Exercise 6. The following table shows the average yearly in-state tuition and required fees, in dollars, charged by four-year American public universities in the school year ending in the given year. Date Average tuition 2012 8318 2013 8595 2014 8872 2015 9149 2016 9426 a. Show that these data can be modeled by a linear function, and find its formula. b. What is the slope for the linear function modeling tuition and required fees for public universities? c. What is the slope of the linear function modeling tuition and required fees for private universities? Note: See Exercise 6. d. Explain what the information in parts b and c tells you about the rate of increase in tuition in public versus private institutions. e. Which type of institution shows the larger percentage increase from 2015 to 2016? 6. Tuition at American Private Universities The following table shows the average yearly tuition and required fees, in dollars, charged by four-year American private nonprofit universities in the school year ending in the given year. Date Average tuition 2012 27, 870 2013 29, 004 2014 30, 138 2015 31, 272 2016 32, 406 a. Show that these data can be modeled by a linear function, and find its formula. b. Plot the data points and add the graph of the linear formula you found in part a. c. What prediction does this formula give for average tuition and fees at four-year American private nonprofit universities for the academic year ending in 2021?arrow_forwardFreight on Class I Railroads According to the Association of American Railroads, Class I freight railroads are the line-haul freight railroads with 2006 operating revenue in excess of 346.8million. Let F=F(t) denote the freight revenue in billions of dollars of Class I railroads in year t. In 2005, Class I railroads had a freight revenue of 44.5billion. In 2007, the revenue was 52.9 billion. Calculate the average rate of change per year in F from 2005 to 2007 and explain its meaning in practical terms.arrow_forward
- Demand for Soft Drinks A convenience store manager notices that sales of soft drink are higher on hotter days, so he assembles the data in the table. (a) Make a scatter plot of the data. (b) Find and graph a linear function that models the data. (c) Use the model to predict soft drink sales if the temperature is 95Farrow_forwardFilling a PondA large koi pond is filled from a garden hoseat the rate of 10 gal/min.Initially,the pond contains 300 galof water. (a) Find a linear function V that models the volume of waterin the pond at any time t . (b) If the pond has a capacity of 1300 gal, how long does it take to completely fill the pond?arrow_forward6. Tuition at American Private Universities The following table shows the average yearly tuition and required fees, in dollars, charged by four-year American private nonprofit universities in the school year ending in the given year. Date Average tuition 2012 27,870 2013 29,004 2014 30,138 2015 31,272 2016 32,406 a. Show that these data can be modeled by a linear function, and find its formula. b. Plot the data points and add the graph of the linear formula you found in part a. c. What prediction does this formula give for average tuition and fees at four-year American private nonprofit universities for the academic year ending in 2021?arrow_forward
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