The Solar System
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781337672252
Author: The Solar System
Publisher: Cengage
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Chapter 3, Problem 8P
To determine
The size of the moon compared to earth’s umbral shadow.
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The angle of the lit portion of the moon relative to the horizon changes. For example, sometimes the crescent moon looks like a crooked smile; other times it looks like a hat cocked at an angle. The lit portion of the moon doesn't really rotate, so why does it look like it does? What is REALLY happening?
Assuming that the orbital period of Mars is 687 days, and that the first day of the Martian winter in its Northern Hemisphere is December 21 (Earth date), when will the vernal equinox, summer solstice and autumnal equinox be (according to Earth’s calendar)? Explain your reasoning clearly.
(a) Explain the relative positions of the Earth, Sun, and Moon during a solar eclipse?
(b) Explain the relative positions of the Earth, Sun, and Moon during a lunar eclipse?
(c) Does a solar eclipse occur during a full moon, a new moon, or a quarter moon?
(d) Does a lunar eclipse occur during a full moon, a new moon, or a quarter moon?
(e) What is the name of the total shadow during a solar eclipse?
() What is the name of the partial shadow during a solar ecipse?
Chapter 3 Solutions
The Solar System
Ch. 3 - Why are most of the constellations that were...Ch. 3 - Prob. 2RQCh. 3 - Prob. 3RQCh. 3 - Prob. 4RQCh. 3 - Prob. 5RQCh. 3 - Prob. 6RQCh. 3 - Prob. 7RQCh. 3 - Prob. 8RQCh. 3 - Prob. 9RQCh. 3 - Prob. 10RQ
Ch. 3 - Prob. 11RQCh. 3 - If Earth had no atmosphere, what color would the...Ch. 3 - If the Moon orbited Earth from North Pole to South...Ch. 3 - Why do solar eclipses happen only at new moon? Why...Ch. 3 - Prob. 15RQCh. 3 - Prob. 16RQCh. 3 - Prob. 17RQCh. 3 - Why cant the Moon be eclipsed when it is halfway...Ch. 3 - Prob. 19RQCh. 3 - Prob. 20RQCh. 3 - Prob. 21RQCh. 3 - Prob. 22RQCh. 3 - Pretend the Moon’s orbit around Earth is a perfect...Ch. 3 - Prob. 2PCh. 3 - Identify the phases of the Moon if at sunset in...Ch. 3 - What fraction of the Moons surface area is the far...Ch. 3 - Prob. 5PCh. 3 - Prob. 6PCh. 3 - Prob. 7PCh. 3 - Prob. 8PCh. 3 - Prob. 9PCh. 3 - Prob. 10PCh. 3 - Prob. 11PCh. 3 - Prob. 12PCh. 3 - Prob. 13PCh. 3 - If a solar eclipse occurs on October 3: (a) Why...Ch. 3 - Prob. 15PCh. 3 - Prob. 16PCh. 3 - Prob. 17PCh. 3 - Prob. 18PCh. 3 - Prob. 1SPCh. 3 - Prob. 2SPCh. 3 - Prob. 1LLCh. 3 - Prob. 2LLCh. 3 - Prob. 3LLCh. 3 - Prob. 4LLCh. 3 - Prob. 5LLCh. 3 - Prob. 6LLCh. 3 - Prob. 7LLCh. 3 - Prob. 8LLCh. 3 - Prob. 9LLCh. 3 - Prob. 10LLCh. 3 - Prob. 11LL
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- By what factor is the full moon brighter than Venus at its brightest? (Hint: Refer to Figure 2-6.)arrow_forwardExamine the list of upcoming lunar eclipses in Table 3-1. What fraction of years have two eclipses?arrow_forwardWhat is the angular diameter of the Moon in the third-quarter phase? What is the shortest/longest angular distance from the horizon to the Moon in the third-quarter phase when the time is midnight or noon?arrow_forward
- Is the precessing top shown in Figure 2-7a an example of a scientific model? If so, which parts of the model are true and which parts are not necessarily true?arrow_forwardConsider a calendar based entirely on the day and the month (the Moon’s period from full phase to full phase). How many days are there in a month? Can you figure out a scheme analogous to leap year to make this calendar work?arrow_forwardHow many precession periods are in one cycle of Earths axis inclination variation? In one cycle of Earths orbit eccentricity variation? In the time span shown in Figure 2-11b, how many periods or fractions of periods did the Earths axis precess, nod, and Earths orbit change shape? Of the three periods, which is likely to have the most effect on the changes shown in Figure 211?arrow_forward
- What fraction of the Moon’s visible face is illuminated during first quarter phase? Why is this phase called first quarter?arrow_forwardSuppose Earth took exactly 300.0 days to go around the Sun, and everything else (the day, the month) was the same. What kind of calendar would we have? How would this affect the seasons?arrow_forwardAfter watching the moon for several nights on a camping trip, you notice that you cannot see it despite it being a clear night. What lunar phase is it and how are the sun, moon, and Earth positioned? * 2 po O a first quarter moon, where the moon, Earth, and the sun form a perpendicular angle O a full moon, where Earth is directly between the moon and the sun a new moon, where the moon is directly between Earth and the sun O a third quarter moon, where the sun, Earth, and the moon form a perpendicular angle Which month marks the start of winter in the southern hemisphere? 2 poarrow_forward
- d. Diameter of the Sun I h A d. Standing on the beach at sunset, you extend the tip of your finger at your full arm length from your face, covering the Sun. Upon moving your finger around, you find that only about half of its width is needed to completely cover the Sun's diameter. You measure your finger width to be 0.5 inches. You know your arm length to be 28.0 inches. You have be told that the Sun is approximately 93 million miles away. Use this information to determine the approximate diameter of the Sun, filling in the table below with the proper quantities measure in meters. 1 = ½ finger g = eye level height d = object h = Diameter f= object height from level to top of eye level X = Arm A = angle width length distance from eye of the Sun objectarrow_forwardThe timing of Moonrise is later every day. Let’s understand why: a) Moonrise occurs when you, as you sit on the rotating Earth, turn to the point where you can just see the Moon appear over the horizon. Draw a picture to illustrate what this would look like. Draw the Earth, Moon, and you standing on the Earth to indicate this scenario. (You’ve seen my artistic skills in class, I’m not asking you to do anything better than that. Just label/make clear what is shown). Take this as Day 1.In 24 hours, you would return back to that exact point on the Earth. However, the Moon will also have moved forward in its orbit (it orbits the Earth in the same direction that the Earth is spinning). How far along in its orbit does the Moon move? That is, assume the Moon is orbiting in a circular orbit; in going from Day 1 to Day 2, how many degrees does thee Moon move forward? Indicate (very roughly) via a drawing.b) Because the Moon advanced in its orbit, you now must wait…arrow_forwardDo Earth and the Moon always cast shadows? What do we call the occurrence where one passes within the shadow of the other?arrow_forward
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