Biology
12th Edition
ISBN: 9781260494570
Author: Raven, Peter
Publisher: MCGRAW-HILL HIGHER EDUCATION
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Textbook Question
Chapter 3, Problem 7A
The spontaneous formation of a lipid bilayer in an aqueous environment occurs because
a. the polar head groups of the phospholipids can interact with water.
b. the long fatty acid tails of the phospholipids can interact with water.
c. the fatty acid tails of the phospholipids are hydrophobic.
d. Both a and c are correct.
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Students have asked these similar questions
What properties define the phospholipids that make up the lipid bilayer? Select all that apply.
A. Nonpolar, hydrophobic hydrocarbon tails
B. Polar, hydrophilic phosphate heads
C. Nonpolar, hydrophobic phosphate heads
D. Polar, hydrophilic hydrocarbon tails
Why do phospholipids tend to spontaneously orient themselves into something resembling a membrane such as the lipid-bilayer sphere, single-layer lipid sphere, and lipid-bilayer sheet?
a. Phospholipids are amphipathic molecules. The polar head faces towards water and the nonpolar fatty acid tails face towards other fatty acid tails.
b. Phospholipids are lipophilic molecules. The polar head faces towards water and the nonpolar fatty acid tails face towards other fatty acid tails
c. Phospholipids are amphipathic molecules. The nonpolar head faces towards other fatty acid tails and the polar fatty acid tails face towards water.
d. Phospholipids are hydrophilic molecules. The polar head faces towards water and the nonpolar fatty acid tails face towards other fatty acid tails.
Which of the following statements is CORRECT about the fatty acid residues in membrane lipids?
A. Whole swathes of the membrane have higher saturated residues to increase the overall surface tension.
B. There are more unsaturated units to maintain the fluidity of the structure at all environmental temperatures.
C. More unsaturated residues are present to increase the melting point of the membrane making it resilient.
D. Larger quantities of saturated units are present to maximize stacking and provide effective barrier capacity.
Chapter 3 Solutions
Biology
Ch. 3.1 - Describe the relationship between functional...Ch. 3.1 - Recognize the different kinds of isomers.Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 3LOCh. 3.2 - Prob. 1LOCh. 3.2 - Prob. 2LOCh. 3.3 - Prob. 1LOCh. 3.3 - Prob. 2LOCh. 3.3 - Prob. 3LOCh. 3.3 - Prob. 4LOCh. 3.4 - Prob. 1LO
Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 2LOCh. 3.4 - Prob. 3LOCh. 3.5 - Prob. 1LOCh. 3.5 - Prob. 2LOCh. 3.5 - Prob. 3LOCh. 3 - Prob. 1UCh. 3 - Why are carbohydrates important molecules for...Ch. 3 - Plant cells store energy in the form of ______,...Ch. 3 - Prob. 4UCh. 3 - A molecule of DNA or RNA is a polymer of a....Ch. 3 - Prob. 6UCh. 3 - What monomers make up a protein? a....Ch. 3 - A triglyceride is a form of _______ composed of...Ch. 3 - You can use starch or glycogen as an energy...Ch. 3 - Which of the following is NOT a difference between...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3ACh. 3 - A mutation that alters a single amino acid within...Ch. 3 - Two different proteins have the same domain in...Ch. 3 - What aspect of triglyceride structure accounts for...Ch. 3 - The spontaneous formation of a lipid bilayer in an...Ch. 3 - Prob. 1SCh. 3 - Hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions each...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3S
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- The structure of a lipid bilayer is determined by the particular properties of its lipid molecules. What would happen if A. Phospholipids had only one hydrocarbon tail instead of two?B. The hydrocarbon tails were shorter than normal, say, about 10 carbon atoms long?C. All of the hydrocarbon tails were saturated?D. All of the hydrocarbon tails were unsaturated?E. The bilayer contained a mixture of two kinds of phospholipid molecules, one with two saturated hydrocarbon tails and the other with two unsaturated hydrocarbon tails?F. Each phospholipid molecule were covalently linked through the end carbon atom of one of its hydrocarbon tails to a phospholipid tail in the opposite monolayer?arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements about binding between cytosolic proteins and phospholipids is true? a. Phospholipids do not possess the appropriate features to bind to cytosolic proteins. b. Binding between cytosolic proteins and phospholipids is non-specific and does not require molecular complimentarity. c. The ability of a cytosolic protein and a phospholipid to bind can be changed by phosphrylation of the phospholipid. For example, different phosphoinositides bind to different cytosolic proteins. d. Phospohorylation of phosphoinositides occurs randomly, whereas protein phosphorylation is mediated by kinases and phosphotases. Please answer asap and type your answer and do not copy from anywhere please answer asaparrow_forwardDraw a sketch of a lipid bilayer, the structure that forms when a lipid such as phosphatidyl serine is dissolved in water.arrow_forward
- Which of the following molecules is not capable of forming lipid bilayers? a. glycolipids b. wax esters c. phospholipids d. cerebrosidesarrow_forwardWhich of the following fatty acids, if incorporated into a typical eukaryotic membrane phospholipid, would be the most likely to decrease that membrane’s fluidity? A. linolenic acid, with 18 carbons and three carbon-to-carbon double bonds B. linoleic acid, with 18 carbons and two carbon-to-carbon double bonds C. oleic acid, with 18 carbons and one carbon-to-carbon double bond D. stearic acid, with 18 carbons and no carbon-to-carbon double bonds E. all of the above molecules are saturated, and equally likely to decrease membrane fluidityarrow_forward3) For each case given below, describe how the fluidity of membranes will change (increase or decrease) and why this change will happen. A. Increasing the number of double bonds (unsaturation) of the fatty acids in the phospholipids. B. Increasing the length of the fatty acid chains. C. Increasing the cholesterol content of the membrane D. Increasing temperaturearrow_forward
- Why are phospholipids the main lipid component of membranes? A. these molecules can interact with each other B. these molecules contain hydrophilic groups that interact with water C. these molecules are nonpolar D. these molecules are able to interact with water while preventing continuous movements of metabolites to and from the environment E. these molecules are fluid and dynamic.arrow_forwardWord Bank: A. Oligosaccharide B. Hydrophobic ahelix C. Glycolipid D. Phospholipid E. Integral membrane protein F. Peripheral protein G. Cholesterol H. Glycoprotein 3. 4. 7. 5. 2. 6. 8. 1.arrow_forwardWhich one of the following statements comparing alpha keratin and silk fibroin is a true statement? A. Both protein compounds are stabilized by covalent interactions B. Both protein complexes are intracellularly located C. Both protein complexes are primarily alpha-helical in characterarrow_forward
- What are the components of a phospholipid? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY A. A polar phosphate group B. Three fatty acid chains C. Nonpolar fatty acid chains D. A nonpolar glycerol backbonearrow_forwardGive detailed Solution with explanation neededarrow_forwarda. What characteristic of phospholipids makes them essentialcomponents of cell membranes?b. How are saturated and unsaturated fatty acids different?c. Why is the hydrophilic end of phospholipids attracted to water?arrow_forward
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