College Physics: A Strategic Approach (4th Edition)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9780134609034
Author: Randall D. Knight (Professor Emeritus), Brian Jones, Stuart Field
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 3, Problem 76GP
A kayaker needs to paddle north across a 100-m-wide harbor. The tide is going out, creating a tidal current flowing east at 2.0 m/s. The kayaker can paddle with a speed of 3.0 m/s.
a. In which direction should he paddle in order to travel straight across the harbor?
b. How long will it take him to cross?
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A cylinder with a piston contains 0.153 mol of
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treated as an ideal gas. The gas is first compressed
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Part A
Compute the temperature at the beginning of the adiabatic expansion.
Express your answer in kelvins.
ΕΠΙ ΑΣΦ
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Part B
Compute the temperature at the end of the adiabatic expansion.
Express your answer in kelvins.
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Part C
Compute the minimum pressure.
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P =
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Pa
Learning Goal:
To understand the meaning and the basic applications of
pV diagrams for an ideal gas.
As you know, the parameters of an ideal gas are
described by the equation
pV = nRT,
where p is the pressure of the gas, V is the volume of
the gas, n is the number of moles, R is the universal gas
constant, and T is the absolute temperature of the gas. It
follows that, for a portion of an ideal gas,
pV
= constant.
Τ
One can see that, if the amount of gas remains constant,
it is impossible to change just one parameter of the gas:
At least one more parameter would also change. For
instance, if the pressure of the gas is changed, we can
be sure that either the volume or the temperature of the
gas (or, maybe, both!) would also change.
To explore these changes, it is often convenient to draw a
graph showing one parameter as a function of the other.
Although there are many choices of axes, the most
common one is a plot of pressure as a function of
volume: a pV diagram.
In this problem, you…
Learning Goal:
To understand the meaning and the basic applications of
pV diagrams for an ideal gas.
As you know, the parameters of an ideal gas are
described by the equation
pV = nRT,
where p is the pressure of the gas, V is the volume of
the gas, n is the number of moles, R is the universal gas
constant, and T is the absolute temperature of the gas. It
follows that, for a portion of an ideal gas,
pV
= constant.
T
One can see that, if the amount of gas remains constant,
it is impossible to change just one parameter of the gas:
At least one more parameter would also change. For
instance, if the pressure of the gas is changed, we can
be sure that either the volume or the temperature of the
gas (or, maybe, both!) would also change.
To explore these changes, it is often convenient to draw a
graph showing one parameter as a function of the other.
Although there are many choices of axes, the most
common one is a plot of pressure as a function of
volume: a pV diagram.
In this problem, you…
Chapter 3 Solutions
College Physics: A Strategic Approach (4th Edition)
Ch. 3 - a. Can a vector have nonzero magnitude if a...Ch. 3 - Prob. 2CQCh. 3 - Suppose two vectors have unequal magnitudes. Can...Ch. 3 - Prob. 4CQCh. 3 - For a projectile, which of the following...Ch. 3 - A baseball player throws a ball at a 40 angle to...Ch. 3 - An athlete performing the long jump tries to...Ch. 3 - If you kick a football, at what angle to the...Ch. 3 - Prob. 9CQCh. 3 - Prob. 10CQ
Ch. 3 - If you go to a ski area, youll likely find that...Ch. 3 - In an amusement-park ride, cars rolling along at...Ch. 3 - There are competitions in which pilots fly small...Ch. 3 - Prob. 14CQCh. 3 - You are cycling around a circular track at a...Ch. 3 - An airplane has been directed to fly in a...Ch. 3 - When you go around a corner in your car, your car...Ch. 3 - A person trying to throw a ball as far as possible...Ch. 3 - Prob. 19CQCh. 3 - Prob. 20MCQCh. 3 - Prob. 21MCQCh. 3 - The gas pedal in a car is sometimes referred to as...Ch. 3 - A car travels at constant speed along the curved...Ch. 3 - Prob. 24MCQCh. 3 - Prob. 25MCQCh. 3 - Prob. 26MCQCh. 3 - Prob. 27MCQCh. 3 - A football is kicked at an angle of 30 with a...Ch. 3 - A football is kicked at an angle of 30 with a...Ch. 3 - Prob. 30MCQCh. 3 - Formula One race cars are capable of remarkable...Ch. 3 - Prob. 1PCh. 3 - Prob. 2PCh. 3 - Prob. 3PCh. 3 - Prob. 4PCh. 3 - A position vector with magnitude 10 m points to...Ch. 3 - A velocity vector 40 above the positive x-axis has...Ch. 3 - A cannon tilted upward at 30 fires a cannonball...Ch. 3 - Prob. 8PCh. 3 - Draw each of the following vectors, then find its...Ch. 3 - Draw each of the following vectors, then find its...Ch. 3 - Each of the following vectors is given in terms of...Ch. 3 - Each of the following vectors is given in terms of...Ch. 3 - A wildlife researcher is tracking a flock of...Ch. 3 - Jack and Jill ran up the hill at 3.0 m/s. The...Ch. 3 - Josh is climbing up a steep 34 slope, moving at a...Ch. 3 - You begin sliding down a 15 ski slope. Ignoring...Ch. 3 - A car traveling at 30 m/s runs out of gas while...Ch. 3 - In the Soapbox Derby, young participants build...Ch. 3 - A piano has been pushed to the top of the ramp at...Ch. 3 - Prob. 20PCh. 3 - A car goes around a corner in a circular arc at...Ch. 3 - Prob. 22PCh. 3 - Prob. 23PCh. 3 - Prob. 24PCh. 3 - Prob. 25PCh. 3 - Prob. 26PCh. 3 - A ball is thrown horizontally from a 20-m-high...Ch. 3 - A ball with a horizontal speed of 1.25 m/s rolls...Ch. 3 - A pipe discharges storm water into a creek. Water...Ch. 3 - A pipe discharges storm water into a creek. Water...Ch. 3 - Prob. 31PCh. 3 - A rifle is aimed horizontally at a target 50 m...Ch. 3 - A gray kangaroo can bound across a flat stretch of...Ch. 3 - On the Apollo 14 mission to the moon, astronaut...Ch. 3 - Prob. 35PCh. 3 - Prob. 36PCh. 3 - Racing greyhounds are capable of rounding corners...Ch. 3 - To withstand g-forces of up to 10 gs, caused by...Ch. 3 - Prob. 39PCh. 3 - In a roundabout (or traffic circle), cars go...Ch. 3 - A particle rotates in a circle with centripetal...Ch. 3 - Entrance and exit ramps for freeways are often...Ch. 3 - A peregrine falcon in a tight, circular turn can...Ch. 3 - An airplane cruises at 880 km/h relative to the...Ch. 3 - Anita is running to the right at 5 m/s, as shown...Ch. 3 - Anita is running to the right at 5 m/s, as shown...Ch. 3 - Two children who are bored while waiting for their...Ch. 3 - A boat takes 3.0 h to travel 30 km down a river,...Ch. 3 - A particle rotates in a circle with centripetal...Ch. 3 - Suppose D=AB where vector A has components Ax = 5,...Ch. 3 - Suppose E = 2A+3B where vector A has components Ax...Ch. 3 - For the three vectors shown in Figure P3.47, the...Ch. 3 - Prob. 54GPCh. 3 - Prob. 55GPCh. 3 - A pilot in a small plane encounters shifting...Ch. 3 - Prob. 57GPCh. 3 - Prob. 58GPCh. 3 - A skier gliding across the snow at 3.0 m/s...Ch. 3 - Prob. 60GPCh. 3 - A physics student on Planet Exidor throws a ball,...Ch. 3 - Prob. 62GPCh. 3 - In 1780, in what is now referred to as Bradys...Ch. 3 - The longest recorded pass in an NFL game traveled...Ch. 3 - A spring-loaded gun, fired vertically, shoots a...Ch. 3 - Small-plane pilots regularly compete in message...Ch. 3 - Prob. 67GPCh. 3 - Trained dolphins are capable of a vertical leap of...Ch. 3 - A tennis player hits a ball 2.0 m above the...Ch. 3 - The shot put is a track-and-field event in which...Ch. 3 - Water at the top of Horseshoe Falls (part of...Ch. 3 - A supply plane needs to drop a package of food to...Ch. 3 - Prob. 73GPCh. 3 - Ships A and B leave port together. For the next...Ch. 3 - A flock of ducks is trying to migrate south for...Ch. 3 - A kayaker needs to paddle north across a...Ch. 3 - A plane has an airspeed of 200 mph. The pilot...Ch. 3 - The Gulf Stream off the east coast of the United...Ch. 3 - A ball thrown horizontally at 25 m/s travels a...Ch. 3 - A sports car is advertised as capable of reaching...Ch. 3 - A Ford Mustang can accelerate from 0 to 60 mph in...Ch. 3 - The Screaming Swing is a carnival ride that isnot...Ch. 3 - On an otherwise straight stretch of road near...Ch. 3 - Prob. 84MSPPCh. 3 - Prob. 85MSPPCh. 3 - Prob. 86MSPPCh. 3 - Prob. 87MSPPCh. 3 - Prob. 88MSPP
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