Nutrition: Concepts and Controversies
13th Edition
ISBN: 9781133603184
Author: Frances Sizer, Ellie Whitney
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 3, Problem 4SC
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Blood is the fluid which carries the essential compounds such as nutrients and oxygen to all the cells of the body and carries away the
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All of the following are functions of the liver except the a. release of insulin. b. formation of plasma proteins (e.g., albumin). c. formation of LDL particles. d. elimination of bilirubin.
Most fat-soluble nutrients are absorbed in the
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B. vascular system
C. neurological system
D. adrenal system
There are two different kinds of secretions associated with the digestive system that needs to be understood to avoid confusion when describing how the digestive system functions.
Which one of these secretions will be involved in the control of digestion through the blood?
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B.Exocrine
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Nutrition: Concepts and Controversies
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- The bile from the liver is delivered to the _______. a. stomach b. liver c. small intestine d. colonarrow_forwardWhich of the following statements about gastric secretion of HCl is FALSE? a. HCl is secreted by parietal cells b. HCl hydrolyzes peptide bonds c. HCl is needed for the conversion of pepsinogen to pepsin d. HCl is needed for maximum activity of pepsinarrow_forwardMatch the structures to the correct descriptions. Some answers may be used more than once, and some may not be used at a Most nutrient absorption occurs here. A. submandibular This structure has 3 layers of smooth muscle rather than 2. B. pancreas Involuntary movement of this structure prevents the bolus from entering C. gall bladder the trachea. D. parotids V These are the largest salivary glands. E. large intestine V This structure receives bile and pancreatic juice. F. small intestine v During digestion, most water is absorbed here. G. liver V This structure is important in mechanical digestion. H. epiglottis V This structure produces digestive juice and enzymes that breakdown all types of maeromolecules. 1. glottis J. stomach This structure compacts the indigestible remains of digestion. V This structure produces bile. v This structure creates chyme.arrow_forward
- Which of the following statements regarding constipation is TRUE?A. Constipation is defined as having less than one bowel movement per day.B. Hyperthyroidism can contribute to constipation by slowing intestinal motility.C. Constipation occurs when waste remains in the intestines too long and/or too much water is reabsorbed from the feces.D. Sedentary lifestyle, stress & anxiety, or improper bowel habits (e.g. not heedingthe ‘call to defecate’) are all frequent causes of constipation that can be treated.E. Regardless of the cause of constipation, increasing the amount of fibre in the dietcan eliminate constipation by helping to retain more water in the stool.arrow_forwardMaria was diagnosed with stomach cancer and had to have her stomach surgically removed. Following the removal of her stomach, Maria must obtain shots of which essential substance? a. pepsinogen b. vitamin B12 c. HCl d. gastrinarrow_forwardThe normal mechanism of defecation involves:A. Stretch receptors located in the duodenum and jejunum initiate a long-lasting reflex that relaxes the internal anal sphincter several hours after food initially passes from the stomach to the intestines.B. Stretch receptors located in the rectal wall initiate the defecation reflex inresponse to an incoming mass movement.C. The defecation reflex involves contraction of the rectal wall and simultaneous relaxation of the internal anal sphincter.D. Digestive fluids secreted from the pancreas and gall bladder contain enzymesthat act on the smooth muscle of the intestine, stimulating peristalsis.E. Conscious signals from the cortex will allow for relaxation of the external anal sphincter (when appropriate!).arrow_forward
- Which of the following is not a function of the liver? a. activation of vitamin D b. storage of fat-soluble molecules c. removal and recycling of lactic acid d. recycling of red blood cellsarrow_forwardThe release of CCK and bile is triggered when fat enters the Select one: a. small intestine Ob. esophagus stomach C. O d. d. mouth Oe. large intestinearrow_forwardThe alimentary canal, or digestive tract, is made up of the: a. pancreas, liver, and gallbladderb. esophagus, stomach, and intestinesc. colon, rectum, and anusd. mouth, esophagus, and stomacharrow_forward
- Which of the following is true regarding digestion? A. The first segment of the alimentary tract is the duodenum. B. Amylase hydrolyzes starches into simple sugars. C. Bile hydrolyzes amylase into simple sugars. D. Trypsin and chymotrypsin degrade lipids into free fatty acids. E. All of the above answer choices correctly answer the question.arrow_forwardAlthough the stomach is normally thought of as the major player in the digestive process, the bulk of chemical digestion actually occurs in the a. mouth. b. appendix. c. duodenum. d. large intestine.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is an unregulated process in the digestive tract? a. secretion of cholecystokinin (CCK) by the duodenal mucosa b. absorption of amino acids across the epithelium of the small intestine c. release of bicarbonate ion (HCO3–) by pancreatic duct cells d. peristalsis in the stomacharrow_forward
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