Pushing Electrons
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781133951889
Author: Weeks, Daniel P.
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 3, Problem 4EQ
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
The leaving group in the given molecule is to be determined in order identify the positively charged and neutral fragments produced during mechanism.
Concept Introduction:
Heterolytic cleavage of sigma bond occurs under a variety of conditions. The mechanism of bond cleavage is as shown below,
The arrow in the above mechanism indicates that the sigma electrons form A-B bond are leaving A and becoming the exclusive property of B. Since the fragment A is formally losing one electron, it must become positively charged and B must become negatively charged since it gains an electron.
Often, heterolytic cleavage occurs from a charged intermediate that was formed in a previous step. The process is the same, but the charge on the products is different.
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Draw the complete mechanism for the reaction below. Please include appropriate arrows, intermediates, and formal charges.
(c) The following data have been obtained for the hydrolysis of sucrose, C12H22O11, to
glucose, C6H12O6, and fructose C6H12O6, in acidic solution:
C12H22O11 + H2O → C6H12O6 + C6H12O6
[sucrose]/mol dm³
t/min
0
0.316
14
0.300
39
0.274
60
0.256
80
0.238
110
0.211
(i) Graphically prove the order of the reaction and determine the rate constant of the
reaction.
(ii) Determine the half-life, t½ for the hydrolysis of sucrose.
(III) adsorbent
(b) Adsorption of the hexacyanoferrate (III) ion, [Fe(CN)6] ³, on y-Al2O3 from aqueous
solution was examined. The adsorption was modelled using a modified Langmuir
isotherm, yielding the following values of Kat pH = 6.5:
(ii)
T/K
10-10 K
280
2.505
295
1.819
310
1.364
325
1.050
Determine the enthalpy of adsorption, AadsHⓇ.
If the reported value of entropy of adsorption, Aads Se = 146 J K-1 mol-1 under the above
conditions, determine Aads Gº.
Chapter 3 Solutions
Pushing Electrons
Ch. 3 - Prob. 1EQCh. 3 - Prob. 2EQCh. 3 - Prob. 3EQCh. 3 - Prob. 4EQCh. 3 - Prob. 5EQCh. 3 - Prob. 6EQCh. 3 - Here are some exercises in sigma bond breaking....Ch. 3 - Prob. 8EQCh. 3 - Prob. 9EQCh. 3 - Prob. 10EQ
Ch. 3 - Prob. 11EQCh. 3 - Prob. 12EQCh. 3 - Prob. 13EQCh. 3 - Prob. 14EQCh. 3 - Prob. 15EQCh. 3 - Prob. 16EQCh. 3 - Prob. 17EQCh. 3 - Prob. 18EQCh. 3 - Prob. 19EQCh. 3 - Prob. 20EQCh. 3 - Prob. 21EQCh. 3 - Prob. 22EQCh. 3 - Prob. 23EQCh. 3 - Prob. 24EQCh. 3 - Prob. 25EQCh. 3 - Prob. 26EQCh. 3 - Prob. 27EQCh. 3 - Prob. 28EQCh. 3 - Prob. 29EQCh. 3 - Prob. 30EQCh. 3 - The reaction just described is reversible....Ch. 3 - Prob. 32EQCh. 3 - Prob. 59EQ
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