Whether metal or ceramic substance that has higher value for ductility, brittleness, resistance to oxidation and coefficient of thermal expansion has to be determined. Concept Introduction: Ceramics substance is formed from clay. Substance clay is mainly aluminosilicates that are composed of layers of ions. These layers are separated by water molecules. When clay is heated with calcium carbonate, water molecules are driven off and they get converted into hard pellets called clinkers. Clinkers are mainly mixture of calcium oxide, calcium silicates, and calcium aluminum silicates. These hard pellets then converted into powder form with CaSO 4 ⋅ 2 H 2 O to produce hydrates and hydroxides. These finely grounded fine particles of hydrate of salt get bind together into three-dimensional network. This material gets hard and stronger as it gets dried.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 3, Problem 3.64E

a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether metal or ceramic substance that has higher value for ductility, brittleness, resistance to oxidation and coefficient of thermal expansion has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Ceramics substance is formed from clay. Substance clay is mainly aluminosilicates that are composed of layers of ions. These layers are separated by water molecules. When clay is heated with calcium carbonate, water molecules are driven off and they get converted into hard pellets called clinkers. Clinkers are mainly mixture of calcium oxide, calcium silicates, and calcium aluminum silicates. These hard pellets then converted into powder form with CaSO4⋅2H2O to produce hydrates and hydroxides. These finely grounded fine particles of hydrate of salt get bind together into three-dimensional network. This material gets hard and stronger as it gets dried.

b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether metal or ceramic substance that has higher brittleness has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).

c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether metal or ceramic substance that has higher value for resistance to oxidation has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).

d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether metal or ceramic substance that has higher value for coefficient of thermal expansion has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).

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AG/F-2° V 3. Before proceeding with this problem you may want to glance at p. 466 of your textbook where various oxo-phosphorus derivatives and their oxidation states are summarized. Shown below are Latimer diagrams for phosphorus at pH values at 0 and 14: -0.93 +0.38 -0.50 -0.51 -0.06 H3PO4 →H4P206 →H3PO3 →→H3PO₂ → P → PH3 Acidic solution Basic solution -0.28 -0.50 3--1.12 -1.57 -2.05 -0.89 PO HPO H₂PO₂ →P → PH3 -1.73 a) Under acidic conditions, H3PO4 can be reduced into H3PO3 directly (-0.28V), or via the formation and reduction of H4P206 (-0.93/+0.38V). Calculate the values of AG's for both processes; comment. (3 points) 0.5 PH P 0.0 -0.5 -1.0- -1.5- -2.0 H.PO, -2.3+ -3 -2 -1 1 2 3 2 H,PO, b) Frost diagram for phosphorus under acidic conditions is shown. Identify possible disproportionation and comproportionation processes; write out chemical equations describing them. (2 points) H,PO 4 S Oxidation stale, N

4. For the following complexes, draw the structures and give a d-electron count of the metal: a) Tris(acetylacetonato)iron(III) b) Hexabromoplatinate(2-) c) Potassium diamminetetrabromocobaltate(III) (6 points)

2. Calculate the overall formation constant for [Fe(CN)6]³, given that the overall formation constant for [Fe(CN)6] 4 is ~1032, and that: Fe3+ (aq) + e = Fe²+ (aq) E° = +0.77 V [Fe(CN)6]³ (aq) + e¯ = [Fe(CN)6] (aq) E° = +0.36 V (4 points)

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 3, Problem 3.64E

a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether metal or ceramic substance that has higher value for ductility, brittleness, resistance to oxidation and coefficient of thermal expansion has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Ceramics substance is formed from clay. Substance clay is mainly aluminosilicates that are composed of layers of ions. These layers are separated by water molecules. When clay is heated with calcium carbonate, water molecules are driven off and they get converted into hard pellets called clinkers. Clinkers are mainly mixture of calcium oxide, calcium silicates, and calcium aluminum silicates. These hard pellets then converted into powder form with CaSO4⋅2H2O to produce hydrates and hydroxides. These finely grounded fine particles of hydrate of salt get bind together into three-dimensional network. This material gets hard and stronger as it gets dried.

b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether metal or ceramic substance that has higher brittleness has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).

c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether metal or ceramic substance that has higher value for resistance to oxidation has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).

d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether metal or ceramic substance that has higher value for coefficient of thermal expansion has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 3, Problem 3.64E

a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether metal or ceramic substance that has higher value for ductility, brittleness, resistance to oxidation and coefficient of thermal expansion has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Ceramics substance is formed from clay. Substance clay is mainly aluminosilicates that are composed of layers of ions. These layers are separated by water molecules. When clay is heated with calcium carbonate, water molecules are driven off and they get converted into hard pellets called clinkers. Clinkers are mainly mixture of calcium oxide, calcium silicates, and calcium aluminum silicates. These hard pellets then converted into powder form with CaSO4⋅2H2O to produce hydrates and hydroxides. These finely grounded fine particles of hydrate of salt get bind together into three-dimensional network. This material gets hard and stronger as it gets dried.

b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether metal or ceramic substance that has higher brittleness has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).

c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether metal or ceramic substance that has higher value for resistance to oxidation has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).

d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether metal or ceramic substance that has higher value for coefficient of thermal expansion has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 3, Problem 3.64E

a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether metal or ceramic substance that has higher value for ductility, brittleness, resistance to oxidation and coefficient of thermal expansion has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Ceramics substance is formed from clay. Substance clay is mainly aluminosilicates that are composed of layers of ions. These layers are separated by water molecules. When clay is heated with calcium carbonate, water molecules are driven off and they get converted into hard pellets called clinkers. Clinkers are mainly mixture of calcium oxide, calcium silicates, and calcium aluminum silicates. These hard pellets then converted into powder form with CaSO4⋅2H2O to produce hydrates and hydroxides. These finely grounded fine particles of hydrate of salt get bind together into three-dimensional network. This material gets hard and stronger as it gets dried.

b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether metal or ceramic substance that has higher brittleness has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).

c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether metal or ceramic substance that has higher value for resistance to oxidation has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).

d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether metal or ceramic substance that has higher value for coefficient of thermal expansion has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).

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Answer 5

Chapter 3, Problem 3.64E

a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether metal or ceramic substance that has higher value for ductility, brittleness, resistance to oxidation and coefficient of thermal expansion has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Ceramics substance is formed from clay. Substance clay is mainly aluminosilicates that are composed of layers of ions. These layers are separated by water molecules. When clay is heated with calcium carbonate, water molecules are driven off and they get converted into hard pellets called clinkers. Clinkers are mainly mixture of calcium oxide, calcium silicates, and calcium aluminum silicates. These hard pellets then converted into powder form with CaSO4⋅2H2O to produce hydrates and hydroxides. These finely grounded fine particles of hydrate of salt get bind together into three-dimensional network. This material gets hard and stronger as it gets dried.

b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether metal or ceramic substance that has higher brittleness has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).

c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether metal or ceramic substance that has higher value for resistance to oxidation has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).

d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether metal or ceramic substance that has higher value for coefficient of thermal expansion has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).

Answer 6

Chapter 3, Problem 3.64E

a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether metal or ceramic substance that has higher value for ductility, brittleness, resistance to oxidation and coefficient of thermal expansion has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Ceramics substance is formed from clay. Substance clay is mainly aluminosilicates that are composed of layers of ions. These layers are separated by water molecules. When clay is heated with calcium carbonate, water molecules are driven off and they get converted into hard pellets called clinkers. Clinkers are mainly mixture of calcium oxide, calcium silicates, and calcium aluminum silicates. These hard pellets then converted into powder form with CaSO4⋅2H2O to produce hydrates and hydroxides. These finely grounded fine particles of hydrate of salt get bind together into three-dimensional network. This material gets hard and stronger as it gets dried.

Answer 7

Chapter 3, Problem 3.64E

a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether metal or ceramic substance that has higher value for ductility, brittleness, resistance to oxidation and coefficient of thermal expansion has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Ceramics substance is formed from clay. Substance clay is mainly aluminosilicates that are composed of layers of ions. These layers are separated by water molecules. When clay is heated with calcium carbonate, water molecules are driven off and they get converted into hard pellets called clinkers. Clinkers are mainly mixture of calcium oxide, calcium silicates, and calcium aluminum silicates. These hard pellets then converted into powder form with CaSO4⋅2H2O to produce hydrates and hydroxides. These finely grounded fine particles of hydrate of salt get bind together into three-dimensional network. This material gets hard and stronger as it gets dried.

Answer 8

b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether metal or ceramic substance that has higher brittleness has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).

Answer 9

b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether metal or ceramic substance that has higher brittleness has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).

Answer 10

c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether metal or ceramic substance that has higher value for resistance to oxidation has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).

Answer 11

c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether metal or ceramic substance that has higher value for resistance to oxidation has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).

Answer 12

d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether metal or ceramic substance that has higher value for coefficient of thermal expansion has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).

Answer 13

d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether metal or ceramic substance that has higher value for coefficient of thermal expansion has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).

Answer 14

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Answer 15

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Answer 16

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Answer 17

Ch. 3 - Prob. 3A.1AST Ch. 3 - Prob. 3A.1BST Ch. 3 - Prob. 3A.2AST Ch. 3 - Prob. 3A.2BST Ch. 3 - Prob. 3A.3AST Ch. 3 - Prob. 3A.3BST Ch. 3 - Prob. 3A.1E Ch. 3 - Prob. 3A.2E Ch. 3 - Prob. 3A.3E Ch. 3 - Prob. 3A.4E

Solution Summary: The author explains that ceramics have higher values for ductility, brittleness, resistance to oxidation, and coefficient of thermal expansion.

Concept explainers

Videos

Interpretation:

Whether metal or ceramic substance that has higher brittleness has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).

Interpretation:

Whether metal or ceramic substance that has higher value for resistance to oxidation has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).

Interpretation:

Whether metal or ceramic substance that has higher value for coefficient of thermal expansion has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).

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Chapter 3 Solutions

Solution Summary: The author explains that ceramics have higher values for ductility, brittleness, resistance to oxidation, and coefficient of thermal expansion.

Concept explainers

Videos

Interpretation: Whether metal or ceramic substance that has higher brittleness has to be determined. Concept Introduction: Refer to part (a).

Interpretation: Whether metal or ceramic substance that has higher value for resistance to oxidation has to be determined. Concept Introduction: Refer to part (a).

Interpretation: Whether metal or ceramic substance that has higher value for coefficient of thermal expansion has to be determined. Concept Introduction: Refer to part (a).

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Chapter 3 Solutions

Interpretation:

Whether metal or ceramic substance that has higher brittleness has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).

Interpretation:

Whether metal or ceramic substance that has higher value for resistance to oxidation has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).

Interpretation:

Whether metal or ceramic substance that has higher value for coefficient of thermal expansion has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).