Chapter 3, Problem 3.34SP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The compounds that represent the same structure and the compounds that represent the different structure among the given compounds.

Interpretation: The compounds that represent the same structure and the compounds that represent the different structure among the given compounds are to be stated.

Concept introduction: Two species are said to exhibit structural isomerism when they have the same molecular formula but they differ in structural arrangement.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The compounds that represent the same structure and the compounds that represent the different structure among the given compounds.

Interpretation: The compounds that represent the same structure and the compounds that represent the different structure among the given compounds are to be stated.

Concept introduction: Two species are said to exhibit structural isomerism when they have the same molecular formula but they differ in structural arrangement.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The compounds that represent the same structure and the compounds that represent the different structure among the given compounds.

Interpretation: The compounds that represent the same structure and the compounds that represent the different structure among the given compounds are to be stated.

Concept introduction: Two species are said to exhibit structural isomerism when they have the same molecular formula but they differ in structural arrangement.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The compounds that represent the same structure and the compounds that represent the different structure among the given compounds.

Interpretation: The compounds that represent the same structure and the compounds that represent the different structure among the given compounds are to be stated.

Concept introduction: Two species are said to exhibit structural isomerism when they have the same molecular formula but they differ in structural arrangement.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The compounds that represent the same structure and the compounds that represent the different structure among the given compounds.

Interpretation: The compounds that represent the same structure and the compounds that represent the different structure among the given compounds are to be stated.

Concept introduction: Two species are said to exhibit structural isomerism when they have the same molecular formula but they differ in structural arrangement.

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The compounds that represent the same structure and the compounds that represent the different structure among the given compounds.

Interpretation: The compounds that represent the same structure and the compounds that represent the different structure among the given compounds are to be stated.

Concept introduction: Two species are said to exhibit structural isomerism when they have the same molecular formula but they differ in structural arrangement.

(g)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The name of the structures given in part (a), (c), (e) and (f).

Interpretation: The name of the structures given in part (a), (c), (e) and (f).is to be stated.

Concept introduction: The rules for the naming of cycloalkanes are stated below.

• If two different cycloalkanes are present then the one with the more number of carbon atoms act as the parent chain.
• If the side chain has more number of carbon atoms then it act as the parent chain and the cyclic group becomes the substituent and is ended with the word”-yl”.
• The numbering is done in such a manner that the substituents groups occupy the lowest position.
• If different types of substituent groups are present then they are written in an alphabetical order.
• If a substituent is present more than one time then prefixes like di, tri, tetra are used depending on the number of times that particular substituent group appears in the given compound.
• If geometrical isomerism is possible in the given compound then cis and trans is used before the name of the compound.

The rules for the naming of alkanes are stated below.

• Firstly the longest carbon chain is chosen and the naming of chain is done accordingly to the number of carbon atoms that are present in the chain.
• Numbering of the chain is done in such a way that the substituent groups are placed at the lowest position.
• Naming of substituent groups is done by the replacing of –ane with –yl.
• If different types of substituent groups are present then they are written in an alphabetical order.
• If a substituent is present more than one time then prefixes like di, tri, tetra are used depending on the number of times that particular substituent group appears in the chain.