Chemistry for Engineering Students
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9781285199023
Author: Lawrence S. Brown, Tom Holme
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 3, Problem 3.19PAE
3.19 Silicon nitride, Si3N4, is used as a reinforcing fiber in con-
struction materials. It can be synthesized from silicon tetra-
chloride and ammonia. The other product is ammonium
chloride. Write the balanced
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0
2.
Please consider the two all 'cis' isomers of trimethylcyclohexane drawn below. Draw the
two chair conformers of each stereoisomer below (1 and 2) and calculate their torsional interaction
energies in order to identify the lower energy conformer for each stereoisomer. Based on your
calculations, state which of the two stereoisomers 1 and 2 is less stable and which is more stable.
[1,3-diaxial CH3 CH3 = 3.7kcal/mol; 1,3-diaxial CH3 H = 0.88kcal/mol; cis-1,2 (axial:equatorial) CH3
CH3 = 0.88kcal/mol; trans-1,2-diequatorial CH3 CH3 = 0.88kcal/mol)
all-cis-1,2,3-
1
all-cis-1,2,4-
2
None
Chapter 3 Solutions
Chemistry for Engineering Students
Ch. 3 - • describe the chemical processes used in biomass...Ch. 3 - Prob. 2COCh. 3 - list at least three quantities that must be...Ch. 3 - Write balanced chemical equations for simple...Ch. 3 - Prob. 5COCh. 3 - Prob. 6COCh. 3 - Interconvert between mass, number of molecules,...Ch. 3 - Determine a chemical formula from elemental...Ch. 3 - define the concentration of a solution and...Ch. 3 - Calculate the molarity of solutions prepared by...
Ch. 3 - Prob. 11COCh. 3 - Prob. 12COCh. 3 - Prob. 13COCh. 3 - write molecular and ionic equations for acidbase...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.1PAECh. 3 - Prob. 3.2PAECh. 3 - Prob. 3.3PAECh. 3 - A newspaper article states that biomass has...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.5PAECh. 3 - Prob. 3.6PAECh. 3 - Which symbols are used to indicate solids,...Ch. 3 - How is the addition of heat symbolized in a...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.9PAECh. 3 - 3.10 Define the term stoichiometric coefficient.Ch. 3 - 3.11 Balance these equations. (a) Al(s) + O2(g)(...Ch. 3 - 3.11 Balance the following equations. (a) CaC2(s)...Ch. 3 - 3.13 An explosive whose chemical formula is...Ch. 3 - 3.14 A number of compounds are used in cement, and...Ch. 3 - 3.15 Ethanol, C2H5OH is found in gasoline blends...Ch. 3 - 3.16 Balance the following equations. (a) reaction...Ch. 3 - 3.17 Write balanced chemical equations for the...Ch. 3 - 3.18 Diborane and related compounds were proposed...Ch. 3 - 3.19 Silicon nitride, Si3N4, is used as a...Ch. 3 - The following pictures show a molecular-scale view...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.21PAECh. 3 - Prob. 3.22PAECh. 3 - Prob. 3.23PAECh. 3 - Prob. 3.24PAECh. 3 - Prob. 3.25PAECh. 3 - 3.24 Classify the following compounds as...Ch. 3 - 3.25 The following compounds are water-soluble....Ch. 3 - 3.26 Decide whether each of the following is...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.29PAECh. 3 - 3.28 A packaging engineer is working on a new...Ch. 3 - 3.29 Classify each of these as an acid or a base....Ch. 3 - 3.30 Define the term spectator ion.Ch. 3 - 3.31 What is the difference between a total ionic...Ch. 3 - 3.32 Balance the following equations and then...Ch. 3 - 3.33 Balance the following equations, and then...Ch. 3 - 3.34 In principle, it may be possible to engineer...Ch. 3 - 3.35 Explain the concept of the mole in your own...Ch. 3 - 3.36 How many entities are present in each of the...Ch. 3 - 3.37 If atypical grain of sand occupies a volume...Ch. 3 - 3.38 Estimate the size of a particle 1 mole of...Ch. 3 - 3.39 Calculate the molar mass of each of the...Ch. 3 - 3.40 Calculate the molar masses (in grams per...Ch. 3 - 3.41 Calculate the molar mass of each of these...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.44PAECh. 3 - 3.43 Calculate the molar mass of the following...Ch. 3 - 3.44 Determine the molar mass of these ceramic...Ch. 3 - A chemist needs exactly 2 moles of KNO3 to make a...Ch. 3 - 3.46 What mass of ozone (O3) contains 4.5 moles of...Ch. 3 - 3.47 Calculate the mass in grams of each the...Ch. 3 - 3.48 Calculate the mass in grams of 13.5 mol of...Ch. 3 - 3.49 How many moles are present in the given...Ch. 3 - 3.50 A test of an automobile engine's exhaust...Ch. 3 - 3.51 Modern instruments can measure a mass as...Ch. 3 - 3.52 How many H atoms are present in 7.52 g of...Ch. 3 - 3.53 How many O atoms are present in 214 g of...Ch. 3 - A sample of H2C2O4.2H2O of mass 3.35 g is heated...Ch. 3 - 3.55 An average person inhales roughly 2.5 g of O2...Ch. 3 - 3.56 A large family of boron-hydrogen compounds...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.59PAECh. 3 - 3.58 Determine the simplest formulas of the...Ch. 3 - 3.59 The composition of materials such as alloys...Ch. 3 - 3.60 Copper can have improved wear resistance if...Ch. 3 - 3.61 Calculate the molarity of each of the...Ch. 3 - 3.62 What is the molarity of each ion present in...Ch. 3 - 3.63 How many moles of solute are present in each...Ch. 3 - 3.64 How many grams of solute are present in each...Ch. 3 - 3.65 Determine the final molarity for the...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.68PAECh. 3 - Prob. 3.69PAECh. 3 - 3.68 Magnesium is lighter than other structural...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.71PAECh. 3 - Prob. 3.72PAECh. 3 - 3.71 What is meant by the term carbon reservoir?...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.74PAECh. 3 - Prob. 3.75PAECh. 3 - Prob. 3.76PAECh. 3 - 3.87 Nitric acid (HNO3) can be produced by the...Ch. 3 - 3.88 One Step in the enrichment of uranium for use...Ch. 3 - 3.89 Pyridine has the molecular formula C5H5N....Ch. 3 - 3.90 Pyrrole has the molecular formula C4H5N. When...Ch. 3 - 3.91 Hydrogen cyanide (HCN) is extremely toxic,...Ch. 3 - 3.92 Many chemical reactions take place in the...Ch. 3 - 3.93 Adipic acid is used in the production of...Ch. 3 - 3.94 Calcium carbonate (limestone, CaCO3)...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.85PAECh. 3 - Consider two samples of liquid: 1 mole of water...Ch. 3 - 3.95 Cumene is a hydrocarbon, meaning that it...Ch. 3 - 3.96 Methyl cyanoacrylate is the chemical name for...Ch. 3 - 3.97 A low-grade form of iron ore is called...Ch. 3 - 3.98 The characteristic odor of decaying flesh is...Ch. 3 - 3.99 Iron—platinum alloys may be useful as...Ch. 3 - 3.100 Some aluminum—lithium alloys display the...Ch. 3 - 3.101 Which (if any) of the following compounds...Ch. 3 - 3.102 Classify the following compounds as acids or...Ch. 3 - 3.103 What is the mass in grams of solute in 250.0...Ch. 3 - 3.104 What volume of 0.123 M NaOH in milliliters...Ch. 3 - 3.105 Nitric acid is often sold and transported as...Ch. 3 - 3.106 Twenty-five mL of a 0.388 M solution of...Ch. 3 - 3.107 As computer processor speeds increase, it is...Ch. 3 - 3.108 As chip speeds increase, the width of the...Ch. 3 - 3.109 Materials engineers often create new alloys...Ch. 3 - 3.110 The protein that carries oxygen in the blood...Ch. 3 - 3.111 The chlorophyll molecule responsible for...Ch. 3 - 3.112 In one experiment, the burning of 0.614 g of...Ch. 3 - 3.113 MgCl2 is often found as an impurity in table...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.106PAECh. 3 - 3.115 The average person exhales 1.0 kg of carbon...Ch. 3 - 3.116 The simplest approximate chemical formula...Ch. 3 - 3.117 For the oxides of iron, FeO, Fe2O3, and...Ch. 3 - 3.118 Consider common sugars such as glucose...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.111PAECh. 3 - 3.120 1f you have 32.6 g of sodium carbonate that...Ch. 3 - 3.121 If you have 21.1 g of iron(II) nitrate that...Ch. 3 - 3.122 What type of reasoning were we using when we...Ch. 3 - 3.123 Most periodic tables provide molar masses...
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