Electronics Fundamentals: Circuits, Devices & Applications
8th Edition
ISBN: 9780135072950
Author: Thomas L. Floyd, David Buchla
Publisher: Prentice Hall
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Chapter 3, Problem 15ST
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a) A silicon wafer is uniformly doped p-type with NA=10¹³/cm³. At T=0K, what are the equilibrium
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Determine the equilibrium electron and hole concentrations inside a uniformly doped sample of Si
under the following conditions. (n; =1010/cm³ at 300K)
a) T 300 K, NA << ND, ND = 1015/cm³
b) T 300 K, NA = 9X1015/cm³, ND = 1016/cm³
c) T = 450 K, NA = 0, ND = 1014/cm³
d) T = 650 K, NA = 0, ND = 1014/cm³
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Chapter 3 Solutions
Electronics Fundamentals: Circuits, Devices & Applications
Ch. 3 - If the total resistance of a circuit increases,...Ch. 3 - Ohm’s law for finding resistance is R=1/V.Ch. 3 - When milliamps and kilohms are multiplied...Ch. 3 - If a 10k resistor is connected to a 10 V source,...Ch. 3 - Prob. 5TFQCh. 3 - Prob. 6TFQCh. 3 - Prob. 7TFQCh. 3 - Prob. 8TFQCh. 3 - A power supply that has a negative output voltage...Ch. 3 - Prob. 10TFQ
Ch. 3 - Ohm’s law states that current equals voltage...Ch. 3 - When the voltage across a resistor is doubled, the...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3STCh. 3 - Prob. 4STCh. 3 - Prob. 5STCh. 3 - Prob. 6STCh. 3 - Prob. 7STCh. 3 - Prob. 8STCh. 3 - Prob. 9STCh. 3 - Prob. 10STCh. 3 - A 2.2k resistor dissipates 0.5 W. The current is...Ch. 3 - Prob. 12STCh. 3 - Prob. 13STCh. 3 - Prob. 14STCh. 3 - Prob. 15STCh. 3 - Determine the cause for each set of symptoms....Ch. 3 - Determine the cause for each set of symptoms....Ch. 3 - Prob. 3TSCCh. 3 - Determine the cause for each set of symptoms....Ch. 3 - Prob. 5TSCCh. 3 - The current in a circuit is 1 A. Determine what...Ch. 3 - Prob. 2PCh. 3 - The current in a circuit is 10 mA. What will the...Ch. 3 - Determine the current in each case. V=5V,R=1.0...Ch. 3 - Determine the curren in each case. V=9V,R=2.7k...Ch. 3 - A 10 resistor is connected across a 12 V battery....Ch. 3 - A resistor is connected across the terminals of a...Ch. 3 - A 5-band resistor is connected across a 12 V...Ch. 3 - If the voltage in Problem 8 is doubled, will a 0.5...Ch. 3 - Calculate the voltage for each value of IandR....Ch. 3 - Calculate the voltage for each value of l and R....Ch. 3 - Three amperes of current are measured through a 27...Ch. 3 - Assign a voltage value to each source in the...Ch. 3 - Calculate the resistance for each value of V and...Ch. 3 - Calculate R for each set of V and I values....Ch. 3 - Six volts are applied across a resistor. A current...Ch. 3 - Choose the correct value of resistance to get the...Ch. 3 - A flashlight is operated from 3.2 V and has a...Ch. 3 - The flashlight in Problem 18 uses 26 J in 10 s....Ch. 3 - What is the power when energy is used at the rate...Ch. 3 - What is the powe in watts when 7500 J of energy...Ch. 3 - Convert the following to kilowatts:...Ch. 3 - Convert the following to megawatts: 1,000.000W...Ch. 3 - Convert the following to milliwatts:...Ch. 3 - Convert the following to microwatts:...Ch. 3 - Convert the following to watts:...Ch. 3 - Prove that the unit for power (the watt) is...Ch. 3 - Show that there are 3.6106 joules in a...Ch. 3 - If a resistor has 5.5 V across it and 3 mA through...Ch. 3 - An electric heater works on 115 V and draws 3 A of...Ch. 3 - What is the power when there are 500 mA of current...Ch. 3 - Calculate the power dissipated by a 10k resistor...Ch. 3 - If there are 60 V across a 620 resistor,what is...Ch. 3 - A 56 resistor is connected across the terminals of...Ch. 3 - If a resistor is to carry 2 A of current and...Ch. 3 - Convert 5106 watts used for 1 minute to kWh.Ch. 3 - Convert 6700 watts used for 1 second to kWh.Ch. 3 - How many kilowatt-hours do 50 W used for 12 h...Ch. 3 - Assume that an alkaline D-cell battery can...Ch. 3 - What is the total energy in joules that is...Ch. 3 - A 6.8k resistor has burned out in a circuit. You...Ch. 3 - A certain type of power resistor comes in the...Ch. 3 - For each circuit in Figure 3-31, assign the proper...Ch. 3 - A 50 load consumes 1 W of power. What is the...Ch. 3 - A battery can provide an average of 1.5 A of...Ch. 3 - How much average current can be drawn from an 80...Ch. 3 - If a battery is rated at 650mAh, how much average...Ch. 3 - If the input power is 500mW and the output power...Ch. 3 - To operate at 85% efficiency, how much output...Ch. 3 - In the light circuit of Figure 3-32, identify the...Ch. 3 - Assume you have a 32-light string and one of the...Ch. 3 - Prob. 52PCh. 3 - The filament of a light bulb in the circuit of...Ch. 3 - A certain electrical device has an unknown...Ch. 3 - A variable voltage source is connected to the...Ch. 3 - In a certain circuit, Vs=1Vandl=5mA. Determine the...Ch. 3 - Figure 3-35 is a graph of current versus voltage...Ch. 3 - You are measuring the current in a circuit tha is...Ch. 3 - If you wish to increase the amount of current in a...Ch. 3 - A 6 V source is connected to a 100 resistor by two...Ch. 3 - If a 300 W bulb is allowed to burn continuously...Ch. 3 - At the end of a 31 day period, your utility bill...Ch. 3 - A certain type of power resistor comes in the...Ch. 3 - A 12 V source is connected across a 10 resistor...Ch. 3 - The rheostat in Figure 3-36 is used to control the...Ch. 3 - Open file P03-66; files are found at...Ch. 3 - Open file P03-67. Determine whether or not the...Ch. 3 - Open file P03-68. Determine whether or not the...Ch. 3 - Open file P03-69. Determine whether or not the...Ch. 3 - Open file P03-70. Determine whether or not the...
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- b) A semiconductor is doped with an impurity concentration N such that N >> n; and all the impurities are ionized. Also, n = N and p = n2/N. Is the impurity a donor or an acceptor? Explain.arrow_forwardd) For a silicon sample maintained at T=300K, the Fermi level is located 0.259 eV above the intrinsic Fermi level. What are the hole and electron concentrations?arrow_forwarde) In a nondegenerate germanium sample maintained under equilibrium conditions near room temperature, it is known that n=10¹³/cm³, n = 2p, and NA 0. Determine n and ND.arrow_forward
- Solve fo the voltage across the 1kohm resistor using superposition for the three following cases: only V1 present, only V2 present, and both V1 and V2 present.arrow_forwardSemiconductor A has a band gap of 1eV, while semiconductor B has a band gap of 2eV. What is the ration of the intrinsic carrier concentrations in the two materials (n₁A/NB) at 300 K. Assume any differences in the carrier effective masses may be neglected.arrow_forwardc) The electron concentration in a piece of Si maintained at 300K under equilibrium conditions is 105/cm³. What is the hole concentration?arrow_forward
- 5. Represent the following system in state-space form. Write A, B, C and D clearly in your answer. d³y d²y dt3 - +5y=2u dt²arrow_forward3. Find the transfer function H(s) and frequency response H (w) of the following system whose differential equation is given by d¹y d³y +3. dy +5 dt4 dt3 dt - d²u du 4y = - 5 dt² dtarrow_forward1. Consider a plant that you want to control. The input u(t) and output y(t) of the plant are related by y(t) = 7 u(t) + w(t) where w(t) is an additive disturbance at the output which is bounded by -0.5 w(t) ≤0.5 for all time t. You want to build a controller so that the output follows a constant reference signal r(t) = where -15 ≤≤ 15. You will consider both open-loop and closed-loop for this problem. a) Sketch the block diagram of the plant. b) Please build an open-loop controller that sets the output to 7, assuming the disturbance is ignored. Please show your controller both as an equation and a block diagram. c) Say that you use the open-loop controller in part b, but now the disturbance w(t) is present. What is the maximum possible magnitude of error in the output for the reference signal? Suppose you have designed a feedback control for the plant where the controller has the form u(t) = K(r(t) − y(t)). Here K is the gain constant of the controller that you will design. d) Please…arrow_forward
- 2. Suppose the Laplace transform of a causal signal x(t) is given by s² +2 X(s) = S³ + 1 Using the lookup tables for standard Laplace transforms and the Laplace transform properties, find the Laplace transforms of the following signals. You do not need to simplify the expressions. a) x₁(t) = e² x(t) + 38(t − 1) − (t − 2)² u(t − 2) b) x2(t) = x(2t - 1) + et u(t − 2)arrow_forwardPlease explain in detail the steps to solve this. Thank youarrow_forward6. Answer the following questions. Take help from ChatGPT to answer these questions (if you need). But write the answers briefly using your own words with no more than two sentences and make sure you check whether ChatGPT is giving you the appropriate answers in our context. a) What is the difference between a regulator and a servo system? Which is harder to build? b) What are the advantages and drawbacks of manual control systems over automatic ones? c) Does transfer exist for the non-linear systems? d) Explain the convolution property of the Laplace transform. e) What are the advantages of using state-space representation?arrow_forward
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