Biological Science, Loose-leaf Edition (7th Edition)
7th Edition
ISBN: 9780135272800
Author: Scott Freeman, Kim Quillin, Lizabeth Allison, Michael Black, Greg Podgorski, Emily Taylor, Jeff Carmichael
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 29, Problem 7TYU
Summary Introduction
To review:
The logic behind the absence of lignin and cellulose in the cell walls of most fungi.
Introduction:
The cell wall is the layer present outside the cell membrane of the cells of the bacteria, fungi, and plants. The cell wall of the plants is made up of cellulose and lignin, whereas the cell wall of most fungi contain chitin. Chitin is a structural polysaccharide made up of large
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Students have asked these similar questions
Like plants, fungi have ________; however, in plants they are composed of ________, whereas in fungi they are composed of ________.
Question 76 options:
cell walls; cellulose; chitin
cell walls; phospholipids; cellulose
cell membranes; phospholipids; chitin
cell walls; cellulose; peptidoglycan
Some fungi can be viewed as coenocytic organisms that exhibit little differentiation. When differentiation does occur, such as in the formation of reproductive structures, it is preceded by septum formation. Why does this occur?
In the following diagram of a black bread mold (Rhizopus stolonifer), identify the following structures of a multicellular fungus: mycelium, rhizoids, stolon, sporangium, sporangiophore, sporangiospores.
After that, give a brief description/function of each structure:
1. Hypha/Mycelium
2. Rhizoid
3. Stolon
4. Sporangium
5. Spores
Chapter 29 Solutions
Biological Science, Loose-leaf Edition (7th Edition)
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- Lichens are said to be composite organisms made up of two very different types of organisms: usually a fungus and an alga (or in a few lichens, a fungus and a Cyanobacterium). (Alga is the singular of algae.) How do these two types of organisms work together to become a functional composite organism? That is, what does each organism provides to the relationship to make it successful? Think about a lichen living on the face of a rock.arrow_forwardThe Ascomycetes are the largest and most diverse group of fungi. They live in diverse habitats and even include unicellular species know as yeast. Below is a picture of yeasts cells using a SEM. What structure of the yeast cells in the picture is very conspicuous (you may want to read about yeast in our text p. 610)? O bud scar O chlorophyll O daughter cells O meiotic spores MacBcarrow_forwardYou have been asked to consult for a biotech company that is seeking to understand why some fungi can live in very extreme environments, such as the high temperatures inside naturally occurring hot springs. The company has isolated two different fungal species, F. cattoriae and W. gravinius, both of which can grow at temperatures exceeding 95°C. The company has determined the following things about these fungal species (see attached image) By sequencing and examining their genomes, the biotech company hopes to understand why these species can live in extreme environments. However, the company only has the resources to sequence one genome, and would like your input as to which species should be sequenced and whether you believe a shotgun strategy will work in this case.arrow_forward
- A student is using a Venn Diagram to communicate understanding of the similarities and differences between fungi and animals. The student placed key characteristics in each circle and classmates are asked to review the work. Qurdtion options: “You should remove ‘has a cell wall’ because neither fungi nor animals have a cell wall. “You need to move the term heterotroph to the ‘animals’ circle because fungi can be heterotrophic or autotrophic.” “You have all of the information correct.” “All animals only reproduce sexually so you need to move ‘may reproduce sexually or asexually ‘to fungi only.”arrow_forwardA student is using a Venn Diagram to communicate understanding of the similarities and differences between fungi and animals. The student placed key characteristics in each circle and classmates are asked to review the work. A-You should remove ‘has a cell wall’ because neither fungi nor animals have a cell wall. B- You need to move the term heterotroph to the ‘animals’ circle because fungi can be heterotrophic or autotrophic.” C-“You have all of the information correct.” D- All animals only reproduce sexually so you need to move ‘may reproduce sexually or asexually ‘to fungi only.arrow_forwardFungi play an important role in the breakdown of cellulose into its component simple sugars. What simple sugar is the final product of these reactions?arrow_forward
- 1. We know fungi are eukaryotic (have membrane-bound nuclei and organelles). Explain three unique ways fungi are different from other microbes (algae, protozoans, bacteria, and archaea). Compare cell walls, cell membranes, morphology, reproduction, and life cycles. (Words to use in your answer include chitin, cellulose, peptidoglycan, pseudopeptidoglycan, ergosterol, hopanoids, cholesterol, mycelium, hyphae, multinucleate, multicellular, unicellular, nutritional needs, environmental needs, chemoheterotrophy, saprobes, parasites, free-living, reproductive strategies, spores). 2. Algae and protozoans are loosely grouped as protists and are different from plants because they lack specific characteristics of plants. Explain what differentiates algae from plants and two ways they are different from protozoans. Talk about algae being part of our environment and how algae may positively or negatively impact our health or the environment. (Words to use in your answer: cell wall, cell membrane,…arrow_forwardWhile working in a plant disease diagnostic lab, you receive a sample of a very dead tomato plant. The plant has rotted roots and the symptoms match known fungal and oomycete diseases of tomatoes. Explain one difference between true fungi and oomycetes that you could observe to determine what type of organism is killing the tomatoes?arrow_forwardAlgae are autotrophs and can have photosynthesis, however, evolutionary evidence suggests that plants shared a common ancestor with only green algae and are closest relatives of Charophytes. What evidences support this statement? How an algal cell is different from fungal cells, even if both are eukaryotes? Why slime mold is a protist not a fungus even if it does not have chloroplast?arrow_forward
- Yeast are unicellular fungi that reproduce by budding (Fig. 8.4.). Identify individual yeast cells and locate a budding cellarrow_forwardWhat unique compound is found in the cell walls of fungi but is absent in plant cell walls?arrow_forwardFairy rings (such as the one in the photo on the left) are circles of fungi that often appear in open meadows and in forest areas. In the soil beneath the fungi is an ever-extending mycelium. As the mycelium spreads to seek out more food, it sometimes will produce the fungi we see above ground to produce and release spores. The diagram on the right depicts the outline of a fairy ring that has appeared overnight in an open meadow, as viewed from above. The ring represents the farthest advance of this mycelium through the soil. The letters A-D represent locations with respect to that ring which are all 0.5 meters below the soil surface. Which location (A-D) is nearest to the basidiocarps? ___ What is the most probable location (A-D) of the youngest portion of this mycelium? ___arrow_forward
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