To review:
The given blank space in the statement, “photosynthetic organisms make up the first trophic level. Organisms in higher trophic levels are collectively called ____________ or ___________. Photosynthetic organisms are consumed by organism collectively called __________ or ____________. Animals that feed on other animals are called ________ or_______. Organisms that feed on wastes and dead bodies are called _______ and ______.”
Introduction:
In an ecosystem, feeding habits of the prey and predators are studied as per their trophic level. Each community occupies a specific trophic level. In almost all the ecosystems, the photosynthetic organisms occupy the first trophic level, except in the detritus food chain.
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Biology: Life on Earth (11th Edition)
- The average efficiency of energy transfer between trophic levels is 10%. Use this efficiency to determine how much phytoplankton mass is required to add just 1 gram (0.04 ounce) of new mass to a killer whale, which is a third-level or top carnivore. Create a diagram that summarizes the different trophic levels and the relative size and abundance of organisms at each level. How would your answer change if the efficiency were half the average rate? Twice the average rate?arrow_forwardIn the Chesapeake Bay estuary, the blue crab is an omnivore that eats eelgrass and other primary producers as well as clams. It is also a cannibal. In turn, the crabs are eaten by humans and by the endangered Kemp's Ridley sea turtle. 1) Based on the above information, describe the food web that includes the blue crab. Identify the trophic levels and the organisms that occupy each. Some organisms may occupy more than one trophic level. 2) Assuming that top-down control occurs in this system, describe what would happen to the abundance of eelgrass if humans stopped eating blue crab.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is true of trophic relationships in an ecosystem? All energy in the food chain is ultimately transferred to top level carnivores Most of the useable energy transferred between trophic levels is maintained--very little is lost The trophic pyramid predicts that top level carnivores should have the least amount of biomass in an ecosystem Net productivity is typically a measure of over-all photosynthesis in an ecosystemarrow_forward
- The number of trophic levels in an ecosystyem are limited.Comment.arrow_forwardHow much energy is passed from one trophic level to the next? Explain why.arrow_forwardNiche Trophic Level Label the following on the diagram above: heterotroph primary consumer tertiary consumer énergy source producer 10% energy transfer autotroph secondary consumer heterotroph heterotropharrow_forward
- Organisms at the first trophic level ________. a. capture energy from a nonliving source b. are eaten by organisms at lower trophic levels c. are shown at the top of an energy pyramid d. are consumersarrow_forwardNet primary productivity refers to the rate of energy storage as organic matter by autotrophs after respiration is deducted the total rate of photosynthesis, or energy assimilated, by autotrophs the amount of accumulated organic matter found in an area at a given time the production of new tissues and offspring by heterotrophsarrow_forwardStudents from Westbury High School participated in a study of the Willow Waterhole Pond. After safely taking samples of some small fish, a fish-eating hawk, some pond water, some zooplankton, and a fish that preys on the small fish, they determined the average concentration of compound "Z" in each sample. The table below summarizes their data. Build a food chain that illustrates the correct trophic order in the pond. Include the concentrations of compound "Z" for each part of the chain. Describe one natural process that would cause compound "Z" to contaminate the pond's water. (Please write in complete sentences.)arrow_forward
- Only about 10 percent of the energy from each level of an energy pyramid is available to the trophic level above it. (The rest is used to power life processes or is lost as heat .) If the primary producers have ,000 units of stored energy , how much energy would you expect to be transfered to first-level , second level , and third -level consumers ? Fill in the boxes with your answers.arrow_forwardThe mass of living material at a trophic level at a particular time is called as what?arrow_forwardA Food Web om Eage Pythan Wolf Rat Dragonfly Thrush Frog Butterfly Fruit Fly Grasshopper Mangoes Corn A Flowering Plant Lavenders Look at the food web above to answer the following questions. 1. Which organisms are the producers in this food web? 2. Which organism is an example of a primary consumer? 3. Which organism is an example of a tertiary consumer?arrow_forward