Biology: Life on Earth (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134168296
Author: Gerald Audesirk, Teresa Audesirk, Bruce E. Byers
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 29, Problem 7FTB
Summary Introduction
To review:
The given blank space in the statement, “two relatively short-term reservoirs for carbon are the ________ and _________. Carbon in these reservoirs is in the form of ________. Two long-term reservoirs for carbon are _______ and __________.”
Introduction:
Carbon is one of the most abundant elements present in nature. It forms the backbone of all the essential molecules in nature. It is found in atmosphere, lithosphere, and hydrosphere in various forms. It is made available to the organisms through the biogeochemical cycle.
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A family travels from New York City to Costa Rica three times a year for a vacation. The family would like to purchase some forested land in the Catskills, keeping the trees intact as an offset to the carbon dioxide they produce travelling each year. How much forest must they purchase? Use the following assumptions to measure the carbon offset provided by this intact forest. • The biomass of the forest increases at an annual rate of 2.8 × 105 kg/ha. • The forest biomass is 45% carbon by mass. • There are four people in the family. • 0.2 kg of CO2 is produced each mile per person on the flight. • The round-trip distance is 4,500 miles. • There are 2.47 acres in one hectare. 1. Calculate the mass of carbon, in kilograms, that is accumulated and stored in 1.0 ha of this forest in one year. 2. Calculate the mass of carbon, in kilograms, that is emitted by the family as a result of their round-trip flights to Costa Rica each year. 3. Calculate the number of acres of forest that must be…
Chapter 29 Solutions
Biology: Life on Earth (11th Edition)
Ch. 29 -
1. Which trophic level(s) must be present to...Ch. 29 - Prob. 2MCCh. 29 - Denitrifying bacteria convert ammonia to nitrate...Ch. 29 -
4. Net primary production per unit area is likely...Ch. 29 - The effect of CO2 emissions from burning fossil...Ch. 29 -
1. Nearly all life gets its energy from _______...Ch. 29 -
2. Photosynthetic organisms are called either...Ch. 29 -
3. Feeding levels within ecosystems are also...Ch. 29 - In general, only about ______ percent of the...Ch. 29 - Prob. 5FTB
Ch. 29 -
6. During the nitrogen cycle, nitrogen gas is...Ch. 29 - Prob. 7FTBCh. 29 - Prob. 1RQCh. 29 -
2. What is a producer? What trophic level does it...Ch. 29 - 3. Define net primary production. Would you...Ch. 29 - Name the first three trophic levels. Among the...Ch. 29 - How do food chains and food webs differ? Which is...Ch. 29 - Define detritivore and decomposer and explain...Ch. 29 -
7. Trace the movement of carbon from one of its...Ch. 29 - Prob. 8RQCh. 29 - Trace a pathway of a phosphorus molecule from a...Ch. 29 -
1. Humans are omnivores who can feed on several...Ch. 29 - Discuss the contribution of human population...
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- A family travels from New York City to Costa Rica three times a year for a vacation. The family would like to purchase some forested land in the Catskills, keeping the trees intact as an offset to the carbon dioxide they produce travelling each year. How much forest must they purchase? Use the following assumptions to measure the carbon offset provided by this intact forest. The biomass of the forest increases at an annual rate of 2.8 × 105 kg/ha. The forest biomass is 45% carbon by mass. There are four people in the family. 2 kg of CO2 is produced each mile per person on the flight. The round-trip distance is 4,500 miles. There are 2.47 acres in one hectare. Calculate the mass of carbon, in kilograms, that is accumulated and stored in 1.0 ha of this forest in one year. Show your work. Calculate the mass of carbon, in kilograms, that is emitted by the family as a result of their round-trip flights to Costa Rica each year. Show your work. Calculate the number of acres of forest…arrow_forwardTo generate biogas the required biomass resources must be on wet form, else biogas will not produce. How do you disagree or agree with this statement? Justify your answerarrow_forwardHuman activities interface with carbon cycle.List any two such activities.arrow_forward
- 11) The chart below compares the greenhouse gas emissions of several fuel sources. Greenhouse Gas Emissions of Fuel and Energy Sources Sugarcane Ethanol Cellulosic Ethanol Fuel > Gasoline Corn Ethanol Energy > Source Fossil Fuels Biomass Biomass Biomass Source: Adapted from http://energy.itgoverns.com An accurate prediction that could be made regarding the information shown in the chart is that A) fossil fuels emit the least amount of greenhouse gases the use of biomass-based fuels instead of fossil fuels will greatly decrease the production of greenhouse gases B) C) the use of any one of the ethanol sources for fuel will each produce more greenhouse gases than the use of gasoline for fuel D) a total change from gasoline to ethanol as a fuel would have no effect on greenhouse gas emissions Greenhouse Gas Emissionsarrow_forwardThink for a moment about the carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus nutrient cycles. You know that human activities have changed each of these nutrient cycles, so that now a percentage of the annual flux is attributable to humans. Rank the nutrient cycles in order of the greatest % human interventior to the least % human intervention. carbon > nitrogen > phosphorus nitrogen > phosphorus > carbon carbon > phosphorus > nitrogen O phosphorus > carbon > nitrogen phosphorus > nitrogen > carbonarrow_forwardWhich of the following is false concerning the carbon cycle? Decomposers take organic carbon and turn it into inorganic nutrients (phosphorus, sulfur, nitrogen, etc.) Consumers take in organic carbon (food) and convert the waste into carbon dioxide. C) Producers take carbon dioxide and turn it into organic carbon (food). Plants take organic carbon (food) and convert the waste into carbon dioxide.arrow_forward
- Describe the reservoirs and organisms involved in the carbon cycle and the nitrogen cycle.arrow_forwardPlants obtain ______ by taking it up from the air. a. nitrogen c. phosphorus b. carbon d. waterarrow_forwardBox 1 Please match the correct components of the nitrogen cycle to each numbered box. Not every word will match a box. Atmospheric nitrogen (N2226) 1 Producers Leaching. Soil Consumers Detritivores, scavengers, decomposers 3 Producers Consumers Detritivores scavengers, decomposers Nitrate (NO) 2 Ammonia (NEC) ammonium (NH) Nitrite (NO) 4 5 Relyea, Ecology. 9e, 2021 W. H. Freeman and Companyarrow_forward
- N Cylcle: Match the steps of the Nitrogen Cycle you would find beneficial based on the professions/goals listed below Farmer wishes to increase vegetable [Choose] production [Choose ] Farmer wishes to decrease runoff of nitrate containing fertilizers in irrigation water denitrification nitrogen fixation and nitrification sewage plant operator wishing to decrease frequeny of HAB's from treated sewage dumped into Sacramento River [ Choose ] water quality consultant working with public who are using many nitrate containing fertilizers; consultant wishes to increase water quality and clarity in Lake Tahoe, [ Choose ]arrow_forwardWhich of the following best describes how using fertilizer would affect the nitrogen cycle? The use of fertilizer would result in more nitrogen in the groundwater. The use of fertilizer would result in less nitrogen in the soil. The use of fertilizer would result in more phosphorus in the soil. The use of fertilizer would result in more nitrogen being added to the carbon cycle.arrow_forwardWhich one of the following sentences is NOT true? Select one: Compared with other land-based food production systems, fisheries and aquaculture have a relatively small overall carbon footprint. Global fish production from capture and culture operations contributed up to 1.5% to the world’s CO2 emissions. CO2 emissions by marine and inland fishing vessels were about 0.5% of the total global emissions. Being a minor contributor in global terms, fisheries and aquaculture have no opportunities to mitigate emissions of greenhouse gases.arrow_forward
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