Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap Course List)
15th Edition
ISBN: 9781337408332
Author: Cecie Starr, Ralph Taggart, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr
Publisher: Cengage Learning
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 29, Problem 2CT
All but one species of large birds native to New Zealand’s tropical forests are now extinct. Numbers of the one surviving species, the kereru (Hemiphaga, novae seelandine), are declining rapidly due to habitat loss, poaching, predation, and interspecies competition that wiped out the other native birds. The keruru is the only remaining dispersal agent for several native tress that produce big seeds and fruits, mainly because it is the only remaining species that can swallow big fruits (left) and expel big seeds whole. One of these trees, the puriri (Vitex lucens), is New Zealand’s most valued hardwood. Explain, in terms of natural selection, what would happen to puriri trees in New Zealand if the kereru becomes extinct.
Expert Solution & Answer
Trending nowThis is a popular solution!
Students have asked these similar questions
Which of the following statements is true about the plant-bird seed dispersal mutualisms in Hawaii?
For the plants the mutualism is obligate, but for the birds it is a facultative relationship
Most of the seed dispersal is performed by non-native bird species
All options are true
The native bird species that act as seed dispersers have gone extinct
2. All but one species of large birds native to New
Zealand's tropical forests are now extinct. Numbers of
the one surviving species, the kereru (Hemiphaga novae-
seelandiae), are declining rapidly due to habitat loss,
poaching, predation, and interspecies competition that
wiped out the other native birds. The keruru is the only
n.
ne
remaining dispersal agent
on
for several native trees
that produce big
seeds and fruits,
th
mainly because it
is the only remain-
ing species that can
swallow big fruits
(left) and expel big
ops
seeds whole. One of
these trees, the puriri (Vitex lucens), is New Zealand's
most valued hardwood. Explain, in terms of natural
selection, what would happen to puriri trees in New
Zealand if the kereru becomes extinct.
ower
The large and heavy seeds of the limber pine (Pinus flexilis) lack the wings on seeds characteristic of most pines. The seeds are the primary food source for Clark’s nutcracker which harvests seeds after the cones open. It then caches thousands of seeds each summer and fall in locations far from the original tree to eat later in the year. During years when many cones and seeds are produced, the nutcracker caches 3-5x the number of seeds actually eaten. When they are present, tree squirrels remove the cone before it opens before the seeds are fully developed, and will eat the seeds immediately or cache the cone for later consumption.
Question:
Scientists were interested to see whether the two seed harvesters would affect seed and cone traits. They compared cone and seed traits in areas that had nutcrackers but tree squirrels were either present or absent. Where squirrels were present, cone mass was larger but there were fewer seeds per cone, and smaller kernels per seed.
What do the…
Chapter 29 Solutions
Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 29 - Whos the Pollinator? Massonia depressa is a...Ch. 29 - Whos the Pollinator? Massonia depressa is a...Ch. 29 - Whos the Pollinator? Massonia depressa is a...Ch. 29 - Prob. 4DAACh. 29 - The arrival of pollen grains on a receptive stigma...Ch. 29 - An animal pollinator may be rewarded by _______...Ch. 29 - Prob. 3SQCh. 29 - In flowrers, the structures that produce male...Ch. 29 - Meiosis of cells in pollen sacs forms haploid...Ch. 29 - Prob. 6SQ
Ch. 29 - Choose the statement that is true. a. All flowers...Ch. 29 - The seed coat forms from the __________. a....Ch. 29 - Seeds are mature ______; fruits are mature...Ch. 29 - Jessica is preparing a plate of fruits for a party...Ch. 29 - Cotyledons develop as pan of ________. a. carpels...Ch. 29 - Exposure to _______ can trigger seed germination....Ch. 29 - Prob. 13SQCh. 29 - Match the terms with the most suitable...Ch. 29 - Prob. 15SQCh. 29 - Prob. 1CTCh. 29 - All but one species of large birds native to New...Ch. 29 - Is the seedling shown on the right a monocot or...
Additional Science Textbook Solutions
Find more solutions based on key concepts
Review the Chapter Concepts list on page 422. These all center on quantitative inheritance and the study and an...
Essentials of Genetics (9th Edition) - Standalone book
What were the major microbiological interests of Martinus Beijerinck and Sergei Winogradsky? It can be said tha...
Brock Biology of Microorganisms (15th Edition)
A student moving out of a dormitory crouches in correct fashion to lift a heavy box of books. What prime movers...
HUMAN ANATOMY
More than one choice may apply. Using the terms listed below, fill in the blank with the proper term. anterior ...
Essentials of Human Anatomy & Physiology (12th Edition)
Describe Mendels conclusions about how traits are passed from generation to generation.
Concepts of Genetics (11th Edition)
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- All of the following are true of primate dispersal, EXCEPT: It helps prevent inbreeding Most transfers of males occur during the breeding season the philopatric sex is the one that disperses Joining a new group can be difficult and have high costs to the new individualarrow_forwardCreate a two-part figure showing the effects of forest fragmentation on the community of small mammals relevant to Lyme disease in eastern forests. Figure A should depict the interaction network of a large forestpatch with higher species diversity. Figure B should illustrate how the interaction network and transmission of Borrelia burgdorferi are different in a small forest fragment with low species diversity than they are in largeforest patches with greater diverisity. Eastern forests are diverse communities in which many species interact with one another. Your figure will be asimplified interaction network showing some of the most important species related to the ecology of Lyme disease. Remember that your goal is to illustrate how increasing fragmentation affects forest mammal communities in a way that increases Lyme disease risk.• Choose from the following species for your figure: black-legged tick, white-footed mouse, raccoon, eastern chipmunk, gray squirrel, white-tailed deer,…arrow_forwardTo study ways to prevent tropical deforestation, it is important to consider how international demand for palm oil has contributed to severe deforestation in Papua New Guinea Suriname Malaysia Cameroon Indonesiaarrow_forward
- Explain why humans follow a Type I survivorship curve, birds follow a Type II survivorship curve, and angiosperms follow a Type III survivorship curve. How do the traits of these species produce the associated survivorship curve? do not copy from cheggarrow_forwardwhich of the following is not a major determinant of whether or not the matrix is a substantial barrier to dispersal? the mobility of the species the size of the source patch the nature of the intervening habitat distance between patchesarrow_forwardOryza rufipogon is the wild relative of cultivated rice. In its native SE Asia, annual and perennial populations can be found. Annual populations typically grow in aquatic habitats that dry out seasonally, while perennials typically grow in more permanent aquatic habitats. In their respective habitats, annuals produce narrower leaves than perennials. An experiment was conducted where annual and perennial seeds were grown together in a permanent aquatic habitat and demographic data on survival and fecundity were collected. The data are below: Annual seeds 1st year survival 0.01 0.01 seeds per year 180 90 Edit View Insert Format Tools Table Adult survival rate Perennial seeds What additional data would you need to collect from this experiment to determine whether the differences in leaf shape described above have a genetic basis or are induced by the environment? What are your predictions if leaf shape differences are genetic? 0.0 0.4arrow_forward
- Oryza rufipogon is the wild relative of cultivated rice. In its native SE Asia, annual and perennial populations can be found. Annual populations typically grow in aquatic habitats that dry out seasonally, while perennials typically grow in more permanent aquatic habitats. In their respective habitats, annuals produce narrower leaves than perennials. An experiment was conducted where annual and perennial seeds were grown together in a permanent aquatic habitat and demographic data on survival and fecundity were collected. The data are below: Annual seeds 1st year survival seeds per year 0.01 180 0.01 Adult survival rate Perennial seeds What additional data would you need to collect from this experiment to determine whether the differences in leaf shape described above have a genetic basis or are induced by the environment? What are your predictions if leaf shape differences are genetic? 90 0.0 0.4arrow_forwardEuropean honeybees as their name suggests originated in Europe but have now spread to all continents except Antarctica. They pose an added threat to many native bee species already at risk of declining numbers or even extinction due to increasing urbanization. A research conducted in Australia has very recently published in the Biological Journal of the Linnean Society. According to the study, a competition between the native bees and the introduced European honeybee is particularly intense in residential gardens dominated by non-native flowers (the native bees have co- evolved to forage on) and occurred when the bees shared the same flower preferences. European honeybees, being very abundant, and effective foragers, with the ability to exploit a wide range of flowers, can outcompete native bees for nectar and pollen resources. In this condition, what would you suggest rescuing the native bees as a biotechnologist? Justify your reasoning.arrow_forwardMutualism often involves co-evolution of mutualists. Describe taking the example of animal plant (wasp-fig) relationship.arrow_forward
- Describe two main reasons for rafflesia to be in danger of extinction.arrow_forwardIf two plant species have similar dispersal and competitive abilities, what factor might help determine which species occupies an early seral stage?arrow_forwardThe Tinamous distribution may shift northward if its realised niche allows.arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Concepts of BiologyBiologyISBN:9781938168116Author:Samantha Fowler, Rebecca Roush, James WisePublisher:OpenStax College
Biology (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781337392938Author:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. BergPublisher:Cengage Learning
Concepts of Biology
Biology
ISBN:9781938168116
Author:Samantha Fowler, Rebecca Roush, James Wise
Publisher:OpenStax College
Biology (MindTap Course List)
Biology
ISBN:9781337392938
Author:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Interactions Within An Ecosystem | Ecology and Environment | Biology | FuseSchool; Author: FuseSchool - Global Education;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UMbrxi_DsXc;License: Standard Youtube License