Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation: The structure of (R)- and (S)-penicillamine is to be drawn.
Concept introduction: The chemical compounds in which carbon is bonded with acidic and basic group along with hydrocarbon side chain are known as amino acids. The configuration of compound is R and S when the substituents around stereogenic center, from higher priority to lower priority, are present in clockwise and anticlockwise direction, respectively.
(b)
Interpretation: The disulfide formed by the oxidation of (S)-penicillamine is to be predicted.
Concept introduction: The chemical compounds in which carbon is bonded with acidic and basic group along with hydrocarbon side chain are known as amino acids. A disulphide bond is formed when two amino acids containing
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PKG ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- Digitalis is a preparation made from the dried seeds and leaves of the purple foxglove, Digitalis purpurea, a plant native to southern and central Europe and cultivated in the United States. The preparation is a mixture of several active components, including digitalin. Digitalis is used in medicine to increase the force of myocardial contraction and as a conduction depressant to decrease heart rate (the heart pumps more forcefully but less often).arrow_forwardD-Arabinose can exist in both pyranose and furanose forms.a. Draw the a and ß anomers of D-arabinofuranose.b. Draw the a and ß anomers of D-arabinopyranosearrow_forwardCeramide can then be used to synthesize sphingomyelin, another important molecule that is prevalent in cell membranes. 1.How does the structure of sphingomyelin differ from that of ceramide? 2.Sphingomyelin is also found in the cell membrane. Explain how you would expect to find the orientation of this molecule in the cell membrane. 3.Which amino alcohol is used in the synthesis of sphingomyelin? 4.What is particular about the amino alcohol used in in the synthesis of sphingomyelin? 5.How does your answer to #16 affect the physical properties of properties of sphingomyelin?arrow_forward
- 9. A trisaccharide obtained from the partial hydrolysis of amylopectin showed two glycosidic linkages. A. Draw the structure of the trisaccharide B. If the trisaccharide is to be exhaustively methylated and subsequently hydrolyzed with an acid, how many different methylated products will be obtained? Draw their structures. C. Can an aqueous solution of the trisaccharide precipitate Cu as Cu₂O? If it can, encircle the potential carbonyl carbon(s) in the trisaccharide. D. Can the trisaccharide exist in different anomeric forms? If yes, draw their structures.arrow_forwardThe structure has what type of glycosidic linkage? a. b (1®4) b. b (1®6) c. a (1®4) d. a (1®6)arrow_forward36. Indicate the following chemical compound. но OH CH,OH L flavonoid II. aloe-emodin I. aloin IV. coumarine V. taken from Sorreis VI. tannins VII. aglycone of aloin glycoside VIII. taken from Aloe IX. oxymethylantraquinone X. glycoside A) I; I; V; X B) IV; VI; VII C) ; V; VI IX D) II; VII; IX: X E) II; VIII; IX; Xarrow_forward
- QUESTION 27 Explain how you would apply the principles of rigidification to the structure below in order to improve its pharmacological properties. Give two specific examples of rigidified structures. gutor CH3arrow_forwardChemistry 1. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate word or words: B-Lactam acts by inhibition They are also liberating and thus exert their rapid bactericidal effect. 2. Which sentence is correct and which is incorrect? If it is incorrect, write the correct sentence a. ß - Lactams cause transpeptidation in glycopeptides. b. ß-lactams act in the third stage of murein complex synthesis. c. ß-lactams inhibit protein synthesis in bacteria. d. Bacitracin prevents the dephosphorylation of the carrier molecule of the peptidoglycan subunit. e. Cycloserine is involved in the second stage of peptidoglycan synthesis.arrow_forwardA trisaccharide obtained from the partial hydrolysis of amylopectin showed two glycosidic linkages. A. Draw the structure of the trisaccharide B. If the trisaccharide is to be exhaustively methylated and subsequently hydrolyzed with an acid, how many different methylated products will be obtained? Draw their structures. C. Can an aqueous solution of the trisaccharide precipitate Cu as Cu2O? If it can, encircle the potential carbonyl carbon(s) in the trisaccharide. D. Can the trisaccharide exist in different anomeric forms? If yes, draw their structures.arrow_forward
- 6. Complete the following aqueous reactions: a. N-methylethanamide + NaOH b. N,N-diethylpropanamide + HBr → c. What are these reactions called?arrow_forwardd. Explain the role of stereochemistry on the side effects of drugs with examples.arrow_forwardIdentify the reaction type. a. acid base b. dehydration c. hydration d. amide synthesis e. hydrolysis (in base) f. esterification g. hydrolysis (in acid)arrow_forward
- Organic ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305580350Author:William H. Brown, Brent L. Iverson, Eric Anslyn, Christopher S. FootePublisher:Cengage LearningIntroduction to General, Organic and BiochemistryChemistryISBN:9781285869759Author:Frederick A. Bettelheim, William H. Brown, Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Omar TorresPublisher:Cengage Learning