Organic Chemistry-Package(Custom)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781259141089
Author: SMITH
Publisher: MCG
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Chapter 29, Problem 29.12P
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α-Amino acids can be prepared by treating an aldehyde with ammonia/trace acid, followed by hydrogen cyanide, followed by acid-catalyzed hydrolysis.
What amino acid is formed when the aldehyde that is used is 3-methylbutanal?
α-Amino acids can be prepared by treating an aldehyde with ammonia/trace acid, followed by hydrogen cyanide, followed by acid-catalyzed hydrolysis.
Draw the structures of the two intermediates formed in this reaction.
(a) What amino acids would be obtained by hydrolysis of
the following tripeptide?
H,NCHCNHCHCNHCHCOH
(CH)2CH H.CоН Н-ССH-СОН
(b) How many different tripeptides can be made from gly-
cine, serine, and glutamic acid? Give the abbreviation for
each of these tripeptides, using the three-letter codes and
one-letter codes for the amino acids.
Chapter 29 Solutions
Organic Chemistry-Package(Custom)
Ch. 29 - Prob. 29.1PCh. 29 - Problem 29.2
What form exists at the isoelectric...Ch. 29 - Problem 29.3
Explain why the of the group of an...Ch. 29 - Problem 29.5
What -halo carbonyl compound is...Ch. 29 - Problem 29.6
The enolate derived from diethyl...Ch. 29 - Problem 29.7
What amino acid is formed when is...Ch. 29 - Problem 29.8
What aldehyde is needed to synthesize...Ch. 29 - Prob. 29.8PCh. 29 - Prob. 29.9PCh. 29 - Prob. 29.10P
Ch. 29 - Prob. 29.11PCh. 29 - Problem 29.13
What alkene is needed to synthesize...Ch. 29 - Problem 29.14
Draw the structure of each peptide....Ch. 29 - Name each peptide using both the one-letter and...Ch. 29 - Prob. 29.15PCh. 29 - Prob. 29.16PCh. 29 - Problem 29.18
Glutathione, a powerful antioxidant...Ch. 29 - Problem 29.19
Draw the structure of the...Ch. 29 - Problem 29.20
Give the amino acid sequence of an...Ch. 29 - a What products are formed when each peptide is...Ch. 29 - Prob. 29.21PCh. 29 - Devise a synthesis of each peptide from amino acid...Ch. 29 - Devise a synthesis of the following dipeptide from...Ch. 29 - Prob. 29.24PCh. 29 - Consider two molecules of a tetrapeptide composed...Ch. 29 - What types of stabilizing interactions exist...Ch. 29 - Prob. 29.27PCh. 29 - Draw the product formed when the following amino...Ch. 29 - With reference to the following peptide: a...Ch. 29 - Devise a synthesis of the following dipeptide from...Ch. 29 - Prob. 29.31PCh. 29 - Prob. 29.32PCh. 29 - Histidine is classified as a basic amino acid...Ch. 29 - Tryptophan is not classified as a basic amino acid...Ch. 29 - What is the structure of each amino acid at its...Ch. 29 - To calculate the isoelectric point of amino acids...Ch. 29 - What is the predominant form of each of the...Ch. 29 - 29.37 What is the predominant form of each of the...Ch. 29 - a. Draw the structure of the tripeptide A–A–A, and...Ch. 29 - Draw the organic product formed when the amino...Ch. 29 - 29.39 Draw the organic products formed in each...Ch. 29 - 29.40 What alkyl halide is needed to synthesize...Ch. 29 - 29.41 Devise a synthesis of threonine from diethyl...Ch. 29 - 29.42 Devise a synthesis of each amino acid from...Ch. 29 - Prob. 29.45PCh. 29 - Prob. 29.46PCh. 29 - Prob. 29.47PCh. 29 - Prob. 29.48PCh. 29 - Prob. 29.49PCh. 29 - 29.48 Brucine is a poisonous alkaloid obtained...Ch. 29 - Prob. 29.51PCh. 29 - Prob. 29.52PCh. 29 - Draw the structure for each peptide: (a) Phe–Ala;...Ch. 29 - 29.52 For the tetrapeptide Asp–Arg–Val–Tyr:
a....Ch. 29 - Prob. 29.55PCh. 29 - Explain why a peptide CN bond is stronger than an...Ch. 29 - Prob. 29.57PCh. 29 - 29.55 Draw the amino acids and peptide fragments...Ch. 29 - Prob. 29.59PCh. 29 - Prob. 29.60PCh. 29 - Prob. 29.61PCh. 29 - 29.59 An octapeptide contains the following amino...Ch. 29 - Prob. 29.63PCh. 29 - Prob. 29.64PCh. 29 - Draw all the steps in the synthesis of each...Ch. 29 - 29.62 Write out the steps for the synthesis of...Ch. 29 - 29.64 Another method to form a peptide bond...Ch. 29 - Prob. 29.68PCh. 29 - Prob. 29.69PCh. 29 - Which of the following amino acids are typically...Ch. 29 - After the peptide chain of collagen has been...Ch. 29 - Prob. 29.72PCh. 29 - Prob. 29.73PCh. 29 - 29.70 The anti-obesity drug orlistat works by...Ch. 29 - Prob. 29.75P
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- Proteins are polyamides formed from a-amino acids. Draw a partial structure of a protein by drawing three monomeric units of it.arrow_forwardGlutamic acid has three ionizable groups. The pKa of α-COOH is 2.19; a-NH 3+, 9.67; and the R-group, 4.25. What is the charge of glutamic acid at pH 10.00?arrow_forwardAll amino acids share a common structure, a central (alpha) carbon with four groups attached. Which of these is NOT one of the four groups attached to the alpha- carbon? O an R group an ammonium group (-NH3+) O a carboxylate group (-COO) a hydronium grouparrow_forward
- You are given the structures of the amino acids alanine (Ala), methionine (Met) and threonine (Thr). to H2N CO2H H2N CO2H H2N co,Harrow_forwardGive the amino acid sequence of a hexapeptide that contains the amino acids Ala, Val, Ser, Ile, Gly, Tyr, and forms the following fragments when partially hydrolyzed with HCl: Gly–Ile–Val, Ala–Ser–Gly, and Tyr–Ala.arrow_forward(a) Which of the common amino acids have more than one carboxyl group?arrow_forward
- 2. Classify the following amino acids as nonpolar, polar basic, polar acidic, or polar neutral. (a) (b) (c) (d) H₂N-CH-COH CH-OH I CH3 || H₂N-CH-C-OH I CH₂ C=O 1 OH H₂N-CH-C-OH CH₂ T CH-CH3 CH₂ H₂N-CH-C-OH ī CH₂ OH 229arrow_forward← + 5 2 QT ΑΙ 1. SECTION A Answer BOTH questions in this section (Each question is worth 20 marks) Answer ALL parts of this question. (a) Compare the structure of the ß-lactam antibiotic A with antibiotic X shown in Figure Q1(a) in terms of how structural differences affect the following properties; (i) Spectrum of activity. (ii) Resistance to ẞ-Lactamases. (iii) Oral bioavailability. (3 marks) (3 marks) (3 marks) (b) HH H H ΗΝ Ξ S ΗΝ Ξ S CO₂H A CO₂H X Figure Q1(a) The drugs that are available for Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) can be broken down into five classes. Define three of these classes providing one drug example for each. (6 marks) Question 1 continued on page 2....arrow_forward8.) Which of these a-amino acids is described by the IUPAC name 2-amino-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid? (Hint: draw it.) D) glutamine A) alanine B) phenylalanine C) proline E) tyrosine F) tryptophan G) threoninearrow_forward
- Threonine, an amino acid, has four stereoisomers. The stereoisomer found in nature is (2S,3R)-threonine. Which of the following structures represents the naturally occurring amino acid?arrow_forwardAmino acids exist as dipolar ions or zwitterions in which the amino group exists as a negatively-charged ammonium group and the carboxyl group as a positively-charged carboxylate group. O True Falsearrow_forwardLanthionine is a nonstandard amino acid consisting of two alanine residues linked via their β carbon atoms by a thioether (—S—) linkage. Draw the structure of lanthionine.arrow_forward
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