CUSTOM BIOLOGY
19th Edition
ISBN: 9781323945490
Author: Urry
Publisher: Pearson Custom Publishing
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Chapter 28.1, Problem 2CC
Summarize the role of endosymbiosis in eukaryotic evolution.
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Explain how molecular systematics and metagenomics have contributed to our understanding of the phylogeny and evolution of prokaryotes.
Draw a simple cladogram illustrating the relationships among the following: Common ancestor of all organisms, domain Eukarya, domain Bacteria, domain Archaea. To which domain do the organisms informally known as protists belong? To which domain do you belong?
make a drawing of a phylogenetic tree that contains all 3 domains of life. The tree should include at least
three different animals, two plants, chemoheterotrophic bacteria, photoautotrophic bacteria,
chemoheterotrophic archaea, thermophilic archaea and fungi. Identify both primary endosymbiosis events
on the tree and draw a line to connect it to the organism that would become the future organelle.
Chapter 28 Solutions
CUSTOM BIOLOGY
Ch. 28.1 - Cite at least four examples of structural and...Ch. 28.1 - Summarize the role of endosymbiosis in eukaryotic...Ch. 28.1 - Prob. 3CCCh. 28.2 - Why do some biologists describe the mitochondria...Ch. 28.2 - WHAT IF? DNA sequence data for a diplomonad, a...Ch. 28.3 - Explain why forams have such a well-preserved...Ch. 28.3 - WHAT IF? Would you expect the plastid DNA of...Ch. 28.3 - Prob. 3CCCh. 28.3 - Prob. 4CCCh. 28.4 - Contrast red algae and brown algae.
Ch. 28.4 - Why is it accurate to say that Ulva is truly...Ch. 28.4 - Prob. 3CCCh. 28.5 - Contrast the pseudopodia of amoebozoans and...Ch. 28.5 - Prob. 2CCCh. 28.5 - Prob. 3CCCh. 28.6 - Justify the claim that photosynthetic protists are...Ch. 28.6 - Prob. 2CCCh. 28.6 - WHAT IF? High water temperatures and pollution...Ch. 28.6 - MAKE CONNECTIONS The bacterium Wolbachia is a...Ch. 28 - Describe similarities and differences between...Ch. 28 - What evidence indicates that the excavates form a...Ch. 28 - Prob. 28.3CRCh. 28 - On what basis do systematists place plants in the...Ch. 28 - Describe a key feature for each of the main...Ch. 28 - Prob. 28.6CRCh. 28 - Plastids that are Surrounded by more than two...Ch. 28 - Biologists think that endosymbiosis gave rise to...Ch. 28 - Prob. 3TYUCh. 28 - According to the phylogeny presented in this...Ch. 28 - In a life cycle with alternation of generations,...Ch. 28 - Based on the phylogenetic tree in Figure 28.2,...Ch. 28 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 28 - SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY Applying the If then logic of...Ch. 28 - WRITE ABOUT A THEME: INTERACTIONS Organisms...Ch. 28 - SYNTHESIZE YOUR KNOWLEDGE This micrograph show's a...
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- Serial endosymbiosis is the most supported theory on how the first eukaryotic cells evolved from prokaryotic cells. The figure depicts the evolution of eukaryotic cells which include links to prokaryotic cells from early in the history of life. Identify the cellular structures involved in the connection of eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. Describe the characteristics of the cellular structures that supports the evolutionary connection. State a claim on how eukaryotic cells evolved. Using evolutionary evidence justify your claim. The cells modeled above are a result are descendants of an original cell.arrow_forwardThe answer to the question of how eukaryotic cells evolved has been suggested in the Endosymbiotic Theory. Provide at least 4 pieces of evidence to support this theory.arrow_forwardThis chapter shows a phylogenetic tree for the three domains of life, which is based on DNA sequence data for rRNA and other genes. Which of the following answers concerning the phylogenetic relationships found within this tree is incorrect? View Available Hint(s)for Part A Euryarcheotes are found in the Archaea Diatoms, Tubulinids, and Euglenozoans belong to the domain Eukarya Forams, Fungi, and Chlamydias belong to the domain Eukarya. Spirochetes belong to the domain Bacteria Ciliates, Red Algae, and Plants belong to the domain Eukarya.arrow_forward
- Describe the hypothesized steps in the origin of eukaryote cells.arrow_forwardTo explain: The DNA sequence of a modern bacterium which is believed to be descended from endosymbiont which gave rise to mitochondria would be similar to chloroplast, nucleus or mitochondrion.arrow_forwardThe TATA-binding protein (TBP) is thought to be necessary for transcription in all eukaryotic cell nuclei. Studies show that archaea, but not bacteria,have a protein structurally and functionally similar to TBP. What does this similarity suggest regarding the evolution of archaea, bacteria, and eukaryotes? How might knowledge of this similarity affect how systematists classify these organisms?arrow_forward
- The theory of the endosymbiotic origin of mitochondria and chloroplasts was first proposed by the biologist Lynn Which of the following statements provides support for the theory of endosymbiosis? 1. All the genes found in chloroplasts are homologous to genes found in the nucleus of eukaryotic cell. 2. Mitochondria contain their own ribosomes. 3. Proteins need a targeting sequence to be imported into a chloroplast. 4. Mitochondria can generate a proton gradient and harness it to synthesize ATP. O A. 1, 2 and 3 B. 1 and 3 C. 2 and 4 D. 4 only E. All of 1, 2, 3 and 4 are correct.arrow_forwardDefine homology and describe the different ways in which homologous characteristics provide evidence for the structure of the tree of life.arrow_forwardThe universal phylogenetic tree of life shows the divergence of Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya. Studies of Lokiarchaeota help to elucidate these relationships, but the first universal tree of life was constructed by Carl Woese using ribosomal RNA sequences. There are advantages to using different types of nucleic acid for different types of analyses. What is a specific advantage of using small subunit ribosomal RNA (SSU rRNA) gene sequences for phylogenetic analysis compared with DNA sequences? ▸ View Available Hint(s) SSU rRNA sequences accumulate mutations more rapidly than protein-encoding DNA. SSU rRNA is frequently transferred through horizontal gene transfer, whereas DNA sequences are not. Primers are required in DNA sequence analysis, but not for SSU rRNA sequence analysis. Although PCR products can be visualized with SSU rRNA, this is not the case with other forms of nucleic acids. DNA sequences are too highly conserved to work well for sequence analysis; individual species are…arrow_forward
- Why is it important to know the evolutionary relationships between organisms? Explain brieflyarrow_forwardGiardia is a protozoan parasite that lacks mitochondria. Based on the figure below, what could be the explanation for this. Explain your reasoning.arrow_forwardWhat do the multiple branching points at the root of the eukaryotic phylogenetic tree indicate about the evolution of eukaryotes? A. that unikonts are derived from the SAR clade B. that Archaeplastids were the first eukaryotes C. that fungi are more closely related to plants than animals D. that eukaryotes are all descended from a common ancestorarrow_forward
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