Biologists have long accepted the hypothesis that plastids originate by the endosymbiosis of a cyanobacterium during evolutions. It later forms primary photosynthetic eukaryotes. Until recently, there was no molecular evidence to support this assumption. If the assumption is correct, a phylogenetic tree based on molecular data should support the hypothesis that all primary photosynthetic eukaryotes have a common ancestor. A group of scientists sequenced the amino acid in 143 proteins encoded by the nuclear genes of primary photosynthetic groups. They later compared the trees to see where the overlap occurred and generated a summary tree. Whether the figure supports or contradicts the hypothesis that a single endosymbiosis event correlated with the evolution of organisms containing plastids is to be discussed. Introduction: Symbiosis is also called the endosymbiotic theory. When a eukaryotic organism takes in prokaryotic cell organelles like mitochondria and plastids through endosymbiosis, they evolve and become a part of the host eukaryotic organism. This leads to the formation of plastids, which are believed to have originated from the endosymbiosis of photosynthetic cyanobacteria, later giving rise to primary photosynthetic eukaryotes.

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Chapter 28, Problem 1ITD

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Biologists have long accepted the hypothesis that plastids originate by the endosymbiosis of a cyanobacterium during evolutions. It later forms primary photosynthetic eukaryotes. Until recently, there was no molecular evidence to support this assumption. If the assumption is correct, a phylogenetic tree based on molecular data should support the hypothesis that all primary photosynthetic eukaryotes have a common ancestor.

A group of scientists sequenced the amino acid in 143 proteins encoded by the nuclear genes of primary photosynthetic groups. They later compared the trees to see where the overlap occurred and generated a summary tree. Whether the figure supports or contradicts the hypothesis that a single endosymbiosis event correlated with the evolution of organisms containing plastids is to be discussed.

Introduction:

Symbiosis is also called the endosymbiotic theory. When a eukaryotic organism takes in prokaryotic cell organelles like mitochondria and plastids through endosymbiosis, they evolve and become a part of the host eukaryotic organism. This leads to the formation of plastids, which are believed to have originated from the endosymbiosis of photosynthetic cyanobacteria, later giving rise to primary photosynthetic eukaryotes.

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Imagine that you are a clinical geneticist. Your colleague is an oncologist who wants your help explaining the basics of genetics to their patient, who will be undergoing genetic testing in the coming weeks for possible acute myeloid leukemia (AML) induced by the radiation she had several years ago for breast cancer. Write a 1,050- to 1,225-word memo to your colleague. Include the following in your memo: An explanation of the molecular structure of DNA and RNA, highlighting both similarities and differences A description of the processes of transcription and translation An explanation of the differences between leading and lagging strands and how the DNA is replicated in each strand Reponses to the following common questions patients might ask about this type of genetic testing and genetic disorder: Does AML run in families? What genes are tested for?

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