Chapter 27, Problem 74IAE

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

A method to synthesize $N\text{-methylpropanamide}$ from the given reagents should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Nucleophilic substitution reaction is the chemical reaction where electron rich nucleophile replaces the leaving group from the substrate. Nucleophilic reactions are widely used in the conversion of one functional group to another. For example, halide can be replaced by the cyanide ion from the carbon chain via a nucleophilic substitution reaction.

Where,

• R is an alkyl group.
• $\text{Br}$ is a halide group.

Amine reacts with carboxylic acid to form an amide. The general reaction between a carboxylic acid and an amine is as follows:

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

A method to synthesize ethyl ethanoate from the given reagents should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Nucleophilic substitution reaction is the chemical reaction where electron rich nucleophile replaces the leaving group from the substrate. Nucleophilic reactions are widely used in the conversion of one functional group to another. For example, halide can be replaced by the cyanide ion from the carbon chain via a nucleophilic substitution reaction.

Where,

• R is an alkyl group.
• $\text{Br}$ is a halide group.

The esterification reaction is the chemical reaction where carboxylic acid reacts with the alcohol to produce the ester functional group in acidic medium.

A general esterification reaction is given as follows:

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

A method to synthesize $N\text{-methylethanamine}$ from the given reagents should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Nucleophilic substitution reaction is the chemical reaction where electron rich nucleophile replaces the leaving group from the substrate. Nucleophilic reactions are widely used in the conversion of one functional group to another. For example, halide can be replaced by the cyanide ion from the carbon chain via a nucleophilic substitution reaction.

Where,

• R is an alkyl group.
• $\text{Br}$ is a halide group.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

A method to synthesize tetramethylammonium chloride from the given reagents should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Nucleophilic substitution reaction is the chemical reaction where electron rich nucleophile replaces the leaving group from the substrate. Nucleophilic reactions are widely used in the conversion of one functional group to another. For example, halide can be replaced by the cyanide ion from the carbon chain via a nucleophilic substitution reaction.

Where,

• R is an alkyl group.
• $\text{Br}$ is a halide group.