a)
To calculate: The
Time value of money (TVM):
It is an idea which states that the money existing at a particular time will be worth more than the matching sum in future due to the prospective earning capacity of the money. It is sometimes also referred to as the present discounted value.
b)
To calculate: The IRR value using IRR function.
Time value of money (TVM):
It is a concept which states that the money available at a particular time will be worth more than the identical sum in future due to the potential earning capacity of the money. It is sometimes also referred to as the present discounted value.
c)
To verify: If the net present vaue is negative when the discount rate is somewhat greater than IRR, and that it is positive when the discount rate is somewhat lesser than IRR.
Time value of money (TVM):
It is a concept which states that the money available at a particular time will be worth more than the identical sum in future due to the potential earning capacity of the money. It is sometimes also referred to as the present discounted value.
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 2 Solutions
Practical Management Science
- A farmer is trying to decide if continuing to farm is the correct thing to do. Yields on his fields have been declining over the past several seasons. He has an offer on the table from a corporate farmer to lease his land for the season for $15,000. Whether or not he accepts this offer depends on how well his fields will produce and the market value of his crops. If yield is high, the farmer will make $50,000 and there is a 10% possibility of this occurring. If yield is medium, the farmer will make $20,000 and there is a 50% possibility of this occurring. If yield is low, the farmer will make $12,000 and there is a 40% possibility of this occurring. Draw a decision tree for this problem. What should the farmer do according to the decision tree? If the farmer could get more information that would help him predict his yield, what is the maximum amount that he should pay for this information?arrow_forwardProblem 1: A government committee is considering the economic benefits of a program of preventative flu vaccinations. We will assume that the flu vaccine is completely effective so if the vaccine is implemented, there will be no flu cases. It is estimated that a vaccination program will cost $9 million and that the probability of flu striking in the next year is 0.70. If vaccinations are not introduced then the estimated cost to the government if flu strikes in the next year is $7 million with probability 0.15, $10 million with probability 0.25 and $15 million with probability 0.6. One alternative open to the committee is to institute an "early-warning" monitoring scheme (costing $3 million) which will enable it to detect an outbreak of flu early and therefore decide whether or not to institute a rush vaccination program (costing $12 million because of the need to vaccinate quickly before the outbreak spreads, again with the vaccine being completely effective) or to do nothing with…arrow_forwardHemmingway, Inc. is considering a $5 million research and development (R&D) project. Profit projections appear promising, but Hemmingway's president is concerned because the probability that the R&D project will be successful is only 0.50. Furthermore, the president knows that even if the project is successful, it will require that the company build a new production facility at a cost of $20 million in order to manufacture the product. If the facility is built, uncertainty remains about the demand and thus uncertainty about the profit that will be realized. Another option is that if the R&D project is successful, the company could sell the rights to the product for an estimated $25 million. Under this option, the company would not build the $20 million production facility. The decision tree follows. The profit projection for each outcome is shown at the end of the branches. For example, the revenue projection for the high demand outcome is $59 million. However, the cost of the R&D…arrow_forward
- 4. Transrail is bidding on a project that it figures will cost $400,000 to perform. Using a 25% markup, it will charge $500,000, netting a profit of $100,000. However, it has been learned that another company, Rail Freight, is also considering bidding on the project. If Rail Freight does submit a bid, it figures to be a bid about $470,000. Transrail really wants this project and is considering a bid with only a 15% markup to $460,000 to ensure winning regardless of whether or not Rail Freight submits a bid. a. Prepare a profit payoff table from Transrail’s point of view. (6 points) b. For this payoff table find Transrail’s optimal decision using (1) the pessimistic approach, (2) the optimistic approach, and (3) minimax regret approach. (10 points) c. If Rail Freight is known to submit bids on only 25% of the projects it considers, what decision should Transrail make? (5 points) d. Given the information in (c), what is EVPI? (5 points)arrow_forwardThe owner of the Columbia Construction Company must decide between building a housing development, constructing a shopping center, and leasing all the company’s equipment to another company. The profit that will result from each alternative will be determined by whether material costs remain stable or increase. The profit from each alternative, given the two possibilities for material costs, is shown in the following payoff table: Material Costs Decision Stable Increase Houses $70,000 $30,000 Shopping center 105,000 20,000 Leasing 40,000 40,000 Determine the best decision, using the following decision criteria. a. Maximax b. Maximin c. Minimax regret d. Hurwicz e. Equal likelihoodarrow_forwardThis is the same payoff table used in questions 2 and 3. Below is a payoff table that lists four mortgage options: Decision 1-year ARM 3-year ARM 5-year Arm 30-year fixed Rates Rise $66,645 $62,857 $55,895 $52,276 Outcomes Rates Stable $43,650 $47,698 $50,894 $52,276 4) Which of the following decisions has the best average payoff? CA. 3-year ARM B. 1-year ARM CC. 5-year ARM CD. 30-year Fixed Rates Fall $38,560 $42,726 $48,134 $52,276arrow_forward
- Answer the given question with a proper explanation and step-by-step solution. how can i solve this question??arrow_forwardA company is planning on launching a new product. It was thinking of launching in June of next year, but it believes that a rival is also considering launching a similar product around that time. The company is considering bringing the launch forward to the end of this year. This will cost an extra $3M to carry out and the company believes it will have a 0.8 probability of beating the rival to the market. If, however, they wait until June, the probability of beating the rival falls to 0.2. To make the decision easier, the company assumes that sales will be either high, medium or low. If the company launches before its rival, the probability of high sales is 0.6, the probability of medium sales is 0.25, and the probability of low sales is 0.15. If it launches after its rival, the probability of high sales falls to 0.35, medium sales rises to 0.45, and low sales rises to 0.2. The financial impacts are that high sales would be worth $9M, medium would be worth $5M and low, $1M. Using…arrow_forwardA store owner must decide whether to build a small or a large facility at a new location. Demand at a location can be either small or large, which probabilities estimated to be 0.4 and 0.6, respectively. If small facility is built and demand proves to be high, the manager may choose not to expand (payoff=P235,000) or to expand (payoff=P275,000). If a small facility is built and demand is low, there is no reason to expand and the payoff is P220,000. If a large facility is built and demand proves to be low, the choice is to do nothing (P60,000) or to stimulate demand through local advertising. The response to advertising may be either modest or sizable, with their probabilities estimated to be 0.3 and 0.7, respectively. If it is modest, the payoff grows to P230,000 if the response is sizable. Finally, if a large facility is built and demand turns out to be high, the payoff is P900,000.a.) Draw a decision tree.b.) Determine the expected payoff for each decision and event node.c.)…arrow_forward
- Timothy is retiring from his job soon at which time his employer will make the following offer: 1. A lumpsum amount of $200,000 2. A sum of $15,000 at the beginning of each year for the next 25 years. If the average interest rate is likely to be 5.5% p.a. for the next 25 years, which option should Timothy choose?arrow_forwardQ3. Warren Buffy is an enormously wealthy investor who has built his fortune through his legendary investing acumen. He currently has been offered three major investments and he would like to choose one. The first one is a conservative investment that would perform very well in an improving economy and only suffer a small loss in a worsening economy. The second is a speculative investment that would perform extremely well in an improving economy but would do very badly in a worsening economy. The third is a countercyclical investment that would lose some money in an improving economy but would perform well in a worsening economy. Warren believes that there are three possible scenarios over the lives of these potential investments: (1) an improving economy, (2) a stable economy, and (3) a worsening economy. He also estimates that his profits under these respective scenarios are those given by the following table: Conservative investment Speculative investment Countercyclical investment…arrow_forwardClassify the following risks into variation, foreseen uncertainty, unforeseen uncertainty, and chaos:h. A drug is found to have dangerous side effects following its launcharrow_forward
- Practical Management ScienceOperations ManagementISBN:9781337406659Author:WINSTON, Wayne L.Publisher:Cengage,