The role of bile salts in the mechanical digestion of lipids and the role of pancreatic lipase in the chemical digestion of triglycerides. Concept introduction: The digestive system consists of a collection of organs that helps in the digestion of food materials and converting them into basic energy-rich molecules for supplying them to the entire body. The nutrients such as carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, minerals, and water are broken down into smaller particles for their absorption in the body. Then, it is utilized for the growth, energy, and cell repair.

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Definition Definition Organ system that helps in the digestion of food by mechanical and biochemical processes. The digestive system breaks down food into simpler components that enable the body to then absorb or transport nutrients. The human digestive system includes the gastrointestinal tract or alimentary canal and the associate glands. The organs of the gastrointestinal tract include the mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine. The associated glands include salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas.

Chapter 26.4, Problem 38LO

Summary Introduction

To explain: The role of bile salts in the mechanical digestion of lipids and the role of pancreatic lipase in the chemical digestion of triglycerides.

Concept introduction: The digestive system consists of a collection of organs that helps in the digestion of food materials and converting them into basic energy-rich molecules for supplying them to the entire body. The nutrients such as carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, minerals, and water are broken down into smaller particles for their absorption in the body. Then, it is utilized for the growth, energy, and cell repair.

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1. In vivo testing provides valuable insight into a drug’s kinetics. Assessing drug kinetics following multiple different routes of administration provides greater insight than just a single route of administration alone. The following data was collected in 250 g rats following bolus iv, oral (po), and intraperitoneal (ip) administration.Using this data and set of graphs, determine: (a) k, C0, V, and AUC* for the bolus iv data (b) k, ka, B1, and AUC* for the po data (c) k, ka, B1, and AUC* for the ip data (d) relative bioavailability for po vs ip, Fpo/Fip (e) absolute po bioavailability, (f)Fpo absolute ip bioavailability, Fip MAKE SURE ANSWERS HAVE UNITS if appropriate. SHOW ALL WORK, including equation used, variables used and each step to your solution.

2. Drug quantification from plasma is commonly performed by using techniques such as HPLC or LC/MS. However, these methods do have limitations, and investigators may choose to use a radiolabeled analog of a drug instead. Radioligands are molecules that contain radioactive isotopes, commonly 3H or 14C. This technique allows investigators to quantify drug concentration from radiation measurements. The following measurements were made in 250 g rats following oral administration of 18.2 µCi of a 14C-labeled drug of interest: Time (min) Plasma Radiation Levels (µCi/L) 0 0.0 2 9.7 4 19.2 7 25.3 9 37.8 12 39.6 14 45.8 17 48.8 20 52.0 25 56.4 30 59.2 35 60.1 40 61.1 45 62.1 50 62.8 60 63.1 70 62.1 80 60.1 90 57.3 100 55.5 110 53.7 120 52.2 150 48.0 180 45.0 240 39.0 Note that a µCi is a measure of the amount of radioactivity and hence is a measure of the amount of drug present. Given that the oral bioavailability of this drug is known to be essentially 100%, estimate the following from this…

The current nutrition labelling regulation in Hong Kong requires food manufacturer to list E+7 information on the package of pre-packaged food products. Do you think that more nutrients, such as calcium and cholesterol, shall be included?

Answer 2

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Definition Definition Organ system that helps in the digestion of food by mechanical and biochemical processes. The digestive system breaks down food into simpler components that enable the body to then absorb or transport nutrients. The human digestive system includes the gastrointestinal tract or alimentary canal and the associate glands. The organs of the gastrointestinal tract include the mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine. The associated glands include salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas.

Chapter 26.4, Problem 38LO

Summary Introduction

To explain: The role of bile salts in the mechanical digestion of lipids and the role of pancreatic lipase in the chemical digestion of triglycerides.

Concept introduction: The digestive system consists of a collection of organs that helps in the digestion of food materials and converting them into basic energy-rich molecules for supplying them to the entire body. The nutrients such as carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, minerals, and water are broken down into smaller particles for their absorption in the body. Then, it is utilized for the growth, energy, and cell repair.

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Answer 3

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Definition Definition Organ system that helps in the digestion of food by mechanical and biochemical processes. The digestive system breaks down food into simpler components that enable the body to then absorb or transport nutrients. The human digestive system includes the gastrointestinal tract or alimentary canal and the associate glands. The organs of the gastrointestinal tract include the mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine. The associated glands include salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas.

Chapter 26.4, Problem 38LO

Summary Introduction

To explain: The role of bile salts in the mechanical digestion of lipids and the role of pancreatic lipase in the chemical digestion of triglycerides.

Concept introduction: The digestive system consists of a collection of organs that helps in the digestion of food materials and converting them into basic energy-rich molecules for supplying them to the entire body. The nutrients such as carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, minerals, and water are broken down into smaller particles for their absorption in the body. Then, it is utilized for the growth, energy, and cell repair.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Answer 4

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Definition Definition Organ system that helps in the digestion of food by mechanical and biochemical processes. The digestive system breaks down food into simpler components that enable the body to then absorb or transport nutrients. The human digestive system includes the gastrointestinal tract or alimentary canal and the associate glands. The organs of the gastrointestinal tract include the mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine. The associated glands include salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas.

Chapter 26.4, Problem 38LO

Summary Introduction