Connect Access for Seeley's Anatomy and Physiology 180 Day Access for LIBERTY UNIVERSITY BIOL 213/215
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781259987304
Author: VanPutte
Publisher: MCGRAW-HILL HIGHER EDUCATION
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Chapter 26, Problem 8RAC
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
The kidneys are the major excretory organs of the body. It is a bean-shaped and fist-sized organ that lies in the lower back of the body. A nephron is the histological and functional unit of the kidney. It is a tube-like structure with enlarged terminal ends. It includes Bowman’s capsule, proximal tubules, a loop of Henle and distal tubules. It plays a pivotal role in several homeostatic processes including the reabsorption of sodium chloride and potassium secretion.
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19. On the diagram below
a. Label the three pictures as: DNA; polypeptide; or RNA.
b. Label the arrows as: translation or transcription/RNA processing.
c. Add the following details to the diagram.
Promoter region
TATA box
Transcription start site
Transcription terminator
Intron (A,B,C,D)
Exons (1,2,3,4,5)
Splice sites
5' cap
5' UTR (untranslated region)
3' poly A tail
3' UTR (untranslated region)
Translational start (AUG)
Translational stop (UGA, UAG, or UAA)
N and C ends of polypeptide
0000
Match the letter labels in the figure below to the terms. Some letter
labels are not used.
MNNNNNNIN
M
C
B
A
M
D
F
E
H
K
G
8
The diagram below illustrates a quorum sensing pathway from Staphylococcus aureus. Please answer the following questions.
1. Autoinduction is part of the quorum sensing system. Which promoter (P2 or P3) is critical for autoinduction?
2)This staphylococcus aureus grows on human wounds, causing severe infections. You would like to start a clinical trial to treat these wound infections. Please describe:
a) What molecule do you recommend for the trial. Why?
b) Your trial requires that Staphylococcus aureus be isolated from the wound and submitted to genome sequencing before admittance. Why? What are you testing for?
3) If a mutation arises where the Promoter P3 is constitutively active, how would that influence sensitivity to AIP? Please explain your rationale.
4) This pathway is sensitive to bacterial cell density. Describe two separate mutation that would render the pathway active independent of cell density. Briefly explain your rationale.
Mutation 1
Mutation 2
Chapter 26 Solutions
Connect Access for Seeley's Anatomy and Physiology 180 Day Access for LIBERTY UNIVERSITY BIOL 213/215
Ch. 26.1 - Name the organs that make up the urinary system.Ch. 26.1 - List the functions performed by the kidneys, and...Ch. 26.2 - Describe the location, Size, and shown of the...Ch. 26.2 - Describe the renal capsule and the structures that...Ch. 26.2 - List the structures found at the hilum and in the...Ch. 26.2 - What is the functional unit of the kidney? Name...Ch. 26.2 - Distinguish between cortical and juxtamedullary...Ch. 26.2 - List the components of a renal corpuscle.Ch. 26.2 - Describe the structure of the Bowman capsule, the...Ch. 26.2 - Describe the structure of the afferent and...
Ch. 26.2 - Describe the structure and location of the...Ch. 26.2 - Explain blood supply for the kidney.Ch. 26.3 - Name the three general processes involved in...Ch. 26.3 - Contrast the rates of renal blood flow, renal...Ch. 26.3 - Prob. 15AYPCh. 26.3 - What is filtration pressure? How does glomerular...Ch. 26.3 - How do systemic blood pressure and afferent...Ch. 26.3 - Describe autoregulation.Ch. 26.3 - Prob. 19AYPCh. 26.3 - What is the direction of movement of substances in...Ch. 26.3 - Describe what happens to most of the filtrate that...Ch. 26.3 - On what side of therenal tubule cell does active...Ch. 26.3 - Describe how symportworks in the renal tubule.Ch. 26.3 - Name the substances that are moved by active and...Ch. 26.3 - Prob. 25AYPCh. 26.3 - Where does tubular secretion take place? What is...Ch. 26.3 - What substances are secreted? List the mechanisms...Ch. 26.3 - List the major mechanisms that create and maintain...Ch. 26.3 - Describe the roles of the loop of Henle, the vasa...Ch. 26.3 - Describe how the filtrate volume and concentration...Ch. 26.4 - Prob. 31AYPCh. 26.4 - How is angiotensinII activated? What effects does...Ch. 26.4 - Where is aldosterone produced? What factors...Ch. 26.4 - What are the effects of aldosterone on Na+ and CI+...Ch. 26.4 - Where is ADH produced? What factors stimulate an...Ch. 26.4 - How does ADH affect urine volume and...Ch. 26.4 - Describe how the presence of ADH causes the...Ch. 26.4 - How does the absence of ADH cause the production...Ch. 26.4 - Where is atrial natriuretic hormone produced,and...Ch. 26.5 - What is plasma clearance, and how is it...Ch. 26.5 - Prob. 41AYPCh. 26.5 - Describe how PAH is used to determine renal plasma...Ch. 26.5 - Explain the significance of tubular load and...Ch. 26.6 - What are the functions of the ureters, urinary...Ch. 26.6 - Prob. 45AYPCh. 26.6 - Prob. 46AYPCh. 26.6 - Prob. 47AYPCh. 26.6 - Prob. 48AYPCh. 26.7 - Discuss the effect of aging on the kidneys. Why do...Ch. 26 - Prob. 1RACCh. 26 - Prob. 2RACCh. 26 - Prob. 3RACCh. 26 - Prob. 4RACCh. 26 - Prob. 5RACCh. 26 - Prob. 6RACCh. 26 - Prob. 7RACCh. 26 - Prob. 8RACCh. 26 - If the glomerular capillary pressure is 40 mm Hg,...Ch. 26 - Prob. 10RACCh. 26 - Prob. 11RACCh. 26 - Prob. 12RACCh. 26 - Prob. 13RACCh. 26 - Prob. 14RACCh. 26 - Prob. 15RACCh. 26 - Prob. 16RACCh. 26 - Prob. 17RACCh. 26 - Which of the following contributes to the...Ch. 26 - Prob. 19RACCh. 26 - Prob. 20RACCh. 26 - Prob. 21RACCh. 26 - Prob. 22RACCh. 26 - ADH governs the a. Na+ pump of proximal convoluted...Ch. 26 - Prob. 24RACCh. 26 - The amount of a substance that passes through the...Ch. 26 - Prob. 26RACCh. 26 - Prob. 1CTCh. 26 - Harry is doing yard work one hot summer day and...Ch. 26 - Prob. 3CTCh. 26 - Prob. 4CTCh. 26 - Design a kidney that can produce hypostatic urine,...Ch. 26 - If only a very small amount of urea, instead of...Ch. 26 - Prob. 7CTCh. 26 - Prob. 8CTCh. 26 - Marvin was driving too fast on a remote mountain...Ch. 26 - Which of the following will help compensate for...Ch. 26 - Renin-secreting tumors are usually found in the...Ch. 26 - Prob. 12CT
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