a) Interpretation: The configuration as R or S is to be assigned to each chirality center in the monosaccharide given and whether it is a D sugar or L sugar is to be stated. Concept introduction: In Fischer projection formula, a tetrahedral carbon is represented by two crossed lines. The horizontal line represents bonds coming out of the page and vertical lines represent bonds moving in to the page. For assigning R or S configuration, the four groups attached to the chiral center are arranged in the order of priority by applying sequence rules. The molecule is then oriented in such a way that the group of lowest priority points away from the viewer. If the arrangement of highest priority to second highest priority to third highest priority is clockwise then R configuration is assigned. If the arrangement of highest priority to second highest priority to third highest priority is counterclockwise then S configuration is assigned. In Fischer projections, D sugars have the hydroxyl group on right at the farthest chirality center and L sugars have this hydroxyl group on left. To assign: The configuration as R or S to each chirality center in the monosaccharide given and to state whether it is a D sugar or L sugar.

Question

1) Suppose 0.1 kg ice at 0°C (273K) is in 0.5kg water at 20°C (293K). What is the change in entropy of the ice as it melts at 0°? To produce the original "water gas" mixture, carbon (in a combustible form known as coke) is reacted with steam: 131.4 kJ + H20(g) + C(s) → CO(g) + H2(g) From this information and the equations in the previous problem, calculate the enthalpy for the combustion or carbon to form carbon dioxide. kindly show me how to solve both parts of the same long problem. Thanks

Answer 1

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 25.3, Problem 6P

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

The configuration as R or S is to be assigned to each chirality center in the monosaccharide given and whether it is a D sugar or L sugar is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

In Fischer projection formula, a tetrahedral carbon is represented by two crossed lines. The horizontal line represents bonds coming out of the page and vertical lines represent bonds moving in to the page.

For assigning R or S configuration, the four groups attached to the chiral center are arranged in the order of priority by applying sequence rules. The molecule is then oriented in such a way that the group of lowest priority points away from the viewer. If the arrangement of highest priority to second highest priority to third highest priority is clockwise then R configuration is assigned. If the arrangement of highest priority to second highest priority to third highest priority is counterclockwise then S configuration is assigned.

In Fischer projections, D sugars have the hydroxyl group on right at the farthest chirality center and L sugars have this hydroxyl group on left.

To assign:

The configuration as R or S to each chirality center in the monosaccharide given and to state whether it is a D sugar or L sugar.

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

The configuration as R or S is to be assigned to each chirality center in the monosaccharide given and whether it is a D sugar or L sugar is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

For assigning R or S configuration, the four groups attached to the chiral center are arranged in the order of priority by applying sequence rules. The molecule is then oriented in such a way that the group of lowest priority points away from the viewer. If the arrangement of highest priority to second highest priority to third highest priority is clockwise then R configuration is assigned. If the arrangement of highest priority to second highest priority to third highest priority is counterclockwise then S configuration is assigned.

To assign:

The configuration as R or S to each chirality center in the monosaccharide given and to state whether it is a D sugar or L sugar.

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

The configuration as R or S is to be assigned to each chirality center in the monosaccharide given and whether it is a D sugar or L sugar is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

In Fischer projection formula, a tetrahedral carbon is represented by two crossed lines. The horizontal line represents bonds coming out of the page and vertical lines represent bonds moving in to the page.

For assigning R or S configuration, the four groups attached to the chiral center are arranged in the order of priority by applying sequence rules. The molecule is then oriented in such a way that the group of lowest priority points away from the viewer. If the arrangement of highest priority to second highest priority to third highest priority is clockwise then R configuration is assigned. If the arrangement of highest priority to second highest priority to third highest priority is counterclockwise then S configuration is assigned.

To assign:

The configuration as R or S to each chirality center in the monosaccharide given and to state whether it is a D sugar or L sugar.

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1) Suppose 0.1 kg ice at 0°C (273K) is in 0.5kg water at 20°C (293K). What is the change in entropy of the ice as it melts at 0°? To produce the original "water gas" mixture, carbon (in a combustible form known as coke) is reacted with steam: 131.4 kJ + H20(g) + C(s) → CO(g) + H2(g) From this information and the equations in the previous problem, calculate the enthalpy for the combustion or carbon to form carbon dioxide. kindly show me how to solve both parts of the same long problem. Thanks

we were assigned to dilute 900ppm in to 18ppm by using only 250ml vol flask. firstly we did calc and convert 900ppm to 0.9 ppm to dilute in 1 liter. to begin the experiment we took 0,225g of kmno4 and dissolved in to 250 vol flask. then further we took 10 ml sample sol and dissolved in to 100 ml vol flask and put it in to a spectrometer and got value of 0.145A . upon further calc we got v2 as 50ml . need to find DF, % error (expval and accptVal), molarity, molality. please write the whole report. thank you The format, tables, introduction, procedure and observation, result, calculations, discussion and conclusion

Q5. Predict the organic product(s) for the following transformations. If no reaction will take place (or the reaction is not synthetically useful), write "N.R.". Determine what type of transition state is present for each reaction (think Hammond Postulate). I Br₂ CH3 F2, light CH3 Heat CH3 F₂ Heat Br2, light 12, light CH3 Cl2, light No

Answer 2

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 25.3, Problem 6P

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

The configuration as R or S is to be assigned to each chirality center in the monosaccharide given and whether it is a D sugar or L sugar is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

In Fischer projection formula, a tetrahedral carbon is represented by two crossed lines. The horizontal line represents bonds coming out of the page and vertical lines represent bonds moving in to the page.

For assigning R or S configuration, the four groups attached to the chiral center are arranged in the order of priority by applying sequence rules. The molecule is then oriented in such a way that the group of lowest priority points away from the viewer. If the arrangement of highest priority to second highest priority to third highest priority is clockwise then R configuration is assigned. If the arrangement of highest priority to second highest priority to third highest priority is counterclockwise then S configuration is assigned.

In Fischer projections, D sugars have the hydroxyl group on right at the farthest chirality center and L sugars have this hydroxyl group on left.

To assign:

The configuration as R or S to each chirality center in the monosaccharide given and to state whether it is a D sugar or L sugar.

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

The configuration as R or S is to be assigned to each chirality center in the monosaccharide given and whether it is a D sugar or L sugar is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

For assigning R or S configuration, the four groups attached to the chiral center are arranged in the order of priority by applying sequence rules. The molecule is then oriented in such a way that the group of lowest priority points away from the viewer. If the arrangement of highest priority to second highest priority to third highest priority is clockwise then R configuration is assigned. If the arrangement of highest priority to second highest priority to third highest priority is counterclockwise then S configuration is assigned.

To assign:

The configuration as R or S to each chirality center in the monosaccharide given and to state whether it is a D sugar or L sugar.

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

The configuration as R or S is to be assigned to each chirality center in the monosaccharide given and whether it is a D sugar or L sugar is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

In Fischer projection formula, a tetrahedral carbon is represented by two crossed lines. The horizontal line represents bonds coming out of the page and vertical lines represent bonds moving in to the page.

For assigning R or S configuration, the four groups attached to the chiral center are arranged in the order of priority by applying sequence rules. The molecule is then oriented in such a way that the group of lowest priority points away from the viewer. If the arrangement of highest priority to second highest priority to third highest priority is clockwise then R configuration is assigned. If the arrangement of highest priority to second highest priority to third highest priority is counterclockwise then S configuration is assigned.

To assign:

The configuration as R or S to each chirality center in the monosaccharide given and to state whether it is a D sugar or L sugar.

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Answer 3

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 25.3, Problem 6P

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

The configuration as R or S is to be assigned to each chirality center in the monosaccharide given and whether it is a D sugar or L sugar is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

In Fischer projection formula, a tetrahedral carbon is represented by two crossed lines. The horizontal line represents bonds coming out of the page and vertical lines represent bonds moving in to the page.

For assigning R or S configuration, the four groups attached to the chiral center are arranged in the order of priority by applying sequence rules. The molecule is then oriented in such a way that the group of lowest priority points away from the viewer. If the arrangement of highest priority to second highest priority to third highest priority is clockwise then R configuration is assigned. If the arrangement of highest priority to second highest priority to third highest priority is counterclockwise then S configuration is assigned.

In Fischer projections, D sugars have the hydroxyl group on right at the farthest chirality center and L sugars have this hydroxyl group on left.

To assign:

The configuration as R or S to each chirality center in the monosaccharide given and to state whether it is a D sugar or L sugar.

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

The configuration as R or S is to be assigned to each chirality center in the monosaccharide given and whether it is a D sugar or L sugar is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

For assigning R or S configuration, the four groups attached to the chiral center are arranged in the order of priority by applying sequence rules. The molecule is then oriented in such a way that the group of lowest priority points away from the viewer. If the arrangement of highest priority to second highest priority to third highest priority is clockwise then R configuration is assigned. If the arrangement of highest priority to second highest priority to third highest priority is counterclockwise then S configuration is assigned.

To assign:

The configuration as R or S to each chirality center in the monosaccharide given and to state whether it is a D sugar or L sugar.

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

The configuration as R or S is to be assigned to each chirality center in the monosaccharide given and whether it is a D sugar or L sugar is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

In Fischer projection formula, a tetrahedral carbon is represented by two crossed lines. The horizontal line represents bonds coming out of the page and vertical lines represent bonds moving in to the page.

For assigning R or S configuration, the four groups attached to the chiral center are arranged in the order of priority by applying sequence rules. The molecule is then oriented in such a way that the group of lowest priority points away from the viewer. If the arrangement of highest priority to second highest priority to third highest priority is clockwise then R configuration is assigned. If the arrangement of highest priority to second highest priority to third highest priority is counterclockwise then S configuration is assigned.

To assign:

The configuration as R or S to each chirality center in the monosaccharide given and to state whether it is a D sugar or L sugar.

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Answer 4

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 25.3, Problem 6P

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

The configuration as R or S is to be assigned to each chirality center in the monosaccharide given and whether it is a D sugar or L sugar is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

In Fischer projection formula, a tetrahedral carbon is represented by two crossed lines. The horizontal line represents bonds coming out of the page and vertical lines represent bonds moving in to the page.

For assigning R or S configuration, the four groups attached to the chiral center are arranged in the order of priority by applying sequence rules. The molecule is then oriented in such a way that the group of lowest priority points away from the viewer. If the arrangement of highest priority to second highest priority to third highest priority is clockwise then R configuration is assigned. If the arrangement of highest priority to second highest priority to third highest priority is counterclockwise then S configuration is assigned.

In Fischer projections, D sugars have the hydroxyl group on right at the farthest chirality center and L sugars have this hydroxyl group on left.

To assign:

The configuration as R or S to each chirality center in the monosaccharide given and to state whether it is a D sugar or L sugar.

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

The configuration as R or S is to be assigned to each chirality center in the monosaccharide given and whether it is a D sugar or L sugar is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

For assigning R or S configuration, the four groups attached to the chiral center are arranged in the order of priority by applying sequence rules. The molecule is then oriented in such a way that the group of lowest priority points away from the viewer. If the arrangement of highest priority to second highest priority to third highest priority is clockwise then R configuration is assigned. If the arrangement of highest priority to second highest priority to third highest priority is counterclockwise then S configuration is assigned.

To assign:

The configuration as R or S to each chirality center in the monosaccharide given and to state whether it is a D sugar or L sugar.

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

The configuration as R or S is to be assigned to each chirality center in the monosaccharide given and whether it is a D sugar or L sugar is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

In Fischer projection formula, a tetrahedral carbon is represented by two crossed lines. The horizontal line represents bonds coming out of the page and vertical lines represent bonds moving in to the page.

For assigning R or S configuration, the four groups attached to the chiral center are arranged in the order of priority by applying sequence rules. The molecule is then oriented in such a way that the group of lowest priority points away from the viewer. If the arrangement of highest priority to second highest priority to third highest priority is clockwise then R configuration is assigned. If the arrangement of highest priority to second highest priority to third highest priority is counterclockwise then S configuration is assigned.

To assign:

The configuration as R or S to each chirality center in the monosaccharide given and to state whether it is a D sugar or L sugar.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Answer 5

Chapter 25.3, Problem 6P

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

The configuration as R or S is to be assigned to each chirality center in the monosaccharide given and whether it is a D sugar or L sugar is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

In Fischer projection formula, a tetrahedral carbon is represented by two crossed lines. The horizontal line represents bonds coming out of the page and vertical lines represent bonds moving in to the page.

For assigning R or S configuration, the four groups attached to the chiral center are arranged in the order of priority by applying sequence rules. The molecule is then oriented in such a way that the group of lowest priority points away from the viewer. If the arrangement of highest priority to second highest priority to third highest priority is clockwise then R configuration is assigned. If the arrangement of highest priority to second highest priority to third highest priority is counterclockwise then S configuration is assigned.

In Fischer projections, D sugars have the hydroxyl group on right at the farthest chirality center and L sugars have this hydroxyl group on left.

To assign:

The configuration as R or S to each chirality center in the monosaccharide given and to state whether it is a D sugar or L sugar.

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

The configuration as R or S is to be assigned to each chirality center in the monosaccharide given and whether it is a D sugar or L sugar is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

For assigning R or S configuration, the four groups attached to the chiral center are arranged in the order of priority by applying sequence rules. The molecule is then oriented in such a way that the group of lowest priority points away from the viewer. If the arrangement of highest priority to second highest priority to third highest priority is clockwise then R configuration is assigned. If the arrangement of highest priority to second highest priority to third highest priority is counterclockwise then S configuration is assigned.

To assign:

The configuration as R or S to each chirality center in the monosaccharide given and to state whether it is a D sugar or L sugar.

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

The configuration as R or S is to be assigned to each chirality center in the monosaccharide given and whether it is a D sugar or L sugar is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

In Fischer projection formula, a tetrahedral carbon is represented by two crossed lines. The horizontal line represents bonds coming out of the page and vertical lines represent bonds moving in to the page.

For assigning R or S configuration, the four groups attached to the chiral center are arranged in the order of priority by applying sequence rules. The molecule is then oriented in such a way that the group of lowest priority points away from the viewer. If the arrangement of highest priority to second highest priority to third highest priority is clockwise then R configuration is assigned. If the arrangement of highest priority to second highest priority to third highest priority is counterclockwise then S configuration is assigned.

To assign:

The configuration as R or S to each chirality center in the monosaccharide given and to state whether it is a D sugar or L sugar.

Answer 6

Chapter 25.3, Problem 6P

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

The configuration as R or S is to be assigned to each chirality center in the monosaccharide given and whether it is a D sugar or L sugar is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

In Fischer projection formula, a tetrahedral carbon is represented by two crossed lines. The horizontal line represents bonds coming out of the page and vertical lines represent bonds moving in to the page.

For assigning R or S configuration, the four groups attached to the chiral center are arranged in the order of priority by applying sequence rules. The molecule is then oriented in such a way that the group of lowest priority points away from the viewer. If the arrangement of highest priority to second highest priority to third highest priority is clockwise then R configuration is assigned. If the arrangement of highest priority to second highest priority to third highest priority is counterclockwise then S configuration is assigned.

In Fischer projections, D sugars have the hydroxyl group on right at the farthest chirality center and L sugars have this hydroxyl group on left.

To assign:

The configuration as R or S to each chirality center in the monosaccharide given and to state whether it is a D sugar or L sugar.

Answer 7

Chapter 25.3, Problem 6P

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

The configuration as R or S is to be assigned to each chirality center in the monosaccharide given and whether it is a D sugar or L sugar is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

In Fischer projection formula, a tetrahedral carbon is represented by two crossed lines. The horizontal line represents bonds coming out of the page and vertical lines represent bonds moving in to the page.

For assigning R or S configuration, the four groups attached to the chiral center are arranged in the order of priority by applying sequence rules. The molecule is then oriented in such a way that the group of lowest priority points away from the viewer. If the arrangement of highest priority to second highest priority to third highest priority is clockwise then R configuration is assigned. If the arrangement of highest priority to second highest priority to third highest priority is counterclockwise then S configuration is assigned.

In Fischer projections, D sugars have the hydroxyl group on right at the farthest chirality center and L sugars have this hydroxyl group on left.

To assign:

The configuration as R or S to each chirality center in the monosaccharide given and to state whether it is a D sugar or L sugar.

Answer 8

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

The configuration as R or S is to be assigned to each chirality center in the monosaccharide given and whether it is a D sugar or L sugar is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

For assigning R or S configuration, the four groups attached to the chiral center are arranged in the order of priority by applying sequence rules. The molecule is then oriented in such a way that the group of lowest priority points away from the viewer. If the arrangement of highest priority to second highest priority to third highest priority is clockwise then R configuration is assigned. If the arrangement of highest priority to second highest priority to third highest priority is counterclockwise then S configuration is assigned.

To assign:

The configuration as R or S to each chirality center in the monosaccharide given and to state whether it is a D sugar or L sugar.

Answer 9

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

The configuration as R or S is to be assigned to each chirality center in the monosaccharide given and whether it is a D sugar or L sugar is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

For assigning R or S configuration, the four groups attached to the chiral center are arranged in the order of priority by applying sequence rules. The molecule is then oriented in such a way that the group of lowest priority points away from the viewer. If the arrangement of highest priority to second highest priority to third highest priority is clockwise then R configuration is assigned. If the arrangement of highest priority to second highest priority to third highest priority is counterclockwise then S configuration is assigned.

To assign:

The configuration as R or S to each chirality center in the monosaccharide given and to state whether it is a D sugar or L sugar.

Answer 10

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

The configuration as R or S is to be assigned to each chirality center in the monosaccharide given and whether it is a D sugar or L sugar is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

In Fischer projection formula, a tetrahedral carbon is represented by two crossed lines. The horizontal line represents bonds coming out of the page and vertical lines represent bonds moving in to the page.

For assigning R or S configuration, the four groups attached to the chiral center are arranged in the order of priority by applying sequence rules. The molecule is then oriented in such a way that the group of lowest priority points away from the viewer. If the arrangement of highest priority to second highest priority to third highest priority is clockwise then R configuration is assigned. If the arrangement of highest priority to second highest priority to third highest priority is counterclockwise then S configuration is assigned.

To assign:

The configuration as R or S to each chirality center in the monosaccharide given and to state whether it is a D sugar or L sugar.

Answer 11

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

The configuration as R or S is to be assigned to each chirality center in the monosaccharide given and whether it is a D sugar or L sugar is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

In Fischer projection formula, a tetrahedral carbon is represented by two crossed lines. The horizontal line represents bonds coming out of the page and vertical lines represent bonds moving in to the page.

For assigning R or S configuration, the four groups attached to the chiral center are arranged in the order of priority by applying sequence rules. The molecule is then oriented in such a way that the group of lowest priority points away from the viewer. If the arrangement of highest priority to second highest priority to third highest priority is clockwise then R configuration is assigned. If the arrangement of highest priority to second highest priority to third highest priority is counterclockwise then S configuration is assigned.

To assign:

The configuration as R or S to each chirality center in the monosaccharide given and to state whether it is a D sugar or L sugar.

Answer 12

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Ch. 25.1 - Prob. 1P Ch. 25.2 - Prob. 2P Ch. 25.2 - Prob. 3P Ch. 25.2 - Prob. 4P Ch. 25.2 - Prob. 5P Ch. 25.3 - Prob. 6P Ch. 25.3 - Prob. 7P Ch. 25.4 - Prob. 8P Ch. 25.4 - Prob. 9P Ch. 25.4 - Prob. 10P

Solution Summary: The author explains how the configuration as R or S is to be assigned to each chirality center in the monosaccharide given and whether it is a D or L sugar.

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Chapter 25 Solutions