Study Guide for Campbell Biology
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134443775
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Jane B. Reece, Martha R. Taylor, Michael A. Pollock
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 25, Problem 8IQ
- a. According to the model of species selection, “differential
speciation success” plays a role in macroevolution similar to the role of differential reproductive success in microevolution. Explain. - b. Do evolutionary trends indicate that evolution is goal directed? Explain.
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Chapter 25 Solutions
Study Guide for Campbell Biology
Ch. 25 - Why do we say that, for life to have begun, the...Ch. 25 - Prob. 2IQCh. 25 - Prob. 3IQCh. 25 - Prob. 4IQCh. 25 - Prob. 5IQCh. 25 - a. Mammals originated 180 mya but did not change...Ch. 25 - Prob. 7IQCh. 25 - a. According to the model of species selection,...Ch. 25 - Prob. 1SYKCh. 25 - Label the eons, eras, and key events shown on the...
Ch. 25 - Describe three major processes that have...Ch. 25 - Prob. 4SYKCh. 25 - The primitive atmosphere of Earth may have favored...Ch. 25 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 25 - Prob. 3TYKCh. 25 - The half-life of carbon-14 is 5,730 years. A...Ch. 25 - Prob. 5TYKCh. 25 - Prob. 6TYKCh. 25 - Prob. 7TYKCh. 25 - Look back at the Geologic Record in Table 25.1....Ch. 25 - Prob. 9TYKCh. 25 - According to the endosymbiont theory, a. the first...Ch. 25 - Prob. 11TYKCh. 25 - Prob. 12TYKCh. 25 - Prob. 13TYKCh. 25 - Prob. 14TYKCh. 25 - Prob. 15TYKCh. 25 - Prob. 16TYKCh. 25 - Prob. 17TYKCh. 25 - What is meant by the concept of species selection?...
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- Create a scenario in which red pandas undergoes a speciation event. Select one of the following mechanisms of evolution - explain the mechanism, what trait it is impacting, and how this results in speciation. Mechanisms: Geographical barriers / Sexual selection / Bottleneck / Artificial selection / Founder effect / Natural selection due to climate change.arrow_forwardThrough the human introduction of invasive species and forced migration of various species such as pack mules, elk, and hog-nosed skunks into the Kaibab squirrels’ habitat, scientists hypothesize two outcomes that might occur to the squirrel population. Examine the following null hypotheses formulated to explain rates of speciation and extinction of the Kaibab squirrel population as an influx of species continues to migrate into their niche. Null Hypothesis: The rate of speciation (C) remains steady when species compete for available resources while all will continue toward extinction (B). Which of the following graphically depicts the alternative hypotheses?arrow_forwardConsider this example. Shorebirds on the Eastern coast of North America feed on the mollusks and tiny crabs along the shore. Birds with tougher beaks are better adapted to crack open the shells of the mollusks, and birds with sharper beaks are better adapted to pierce the shells of crabs. Over time, the shorebirds become two separate species that no longer breed with one another. What type of speciation has occurred? A. Sympatric speciation B. Adaptive speciation C. Microevolution speciation D. Allopatric speciationarrow_forward
- Which of the following examples refers to microevolution? A.In a population of mice, individuals with dark fur are cryptic against the dark soil in their habitat and have higher fitness. Many generations later, the proportion of the population with the allele for dark fur has increased B. Two populations of the same species are reproductively isolated (no allels/individual , moving between the populations) Over many generations they become so different that they diverge into separate species C.In a population of lizards, a random event causes one allele to be lost from the population. So, future generations have a lower proportion (zero) of that alele.arrow_forwardFixity of Species refers to… Group of answer choices A-the theory that species exist at a fixed location along a physiological continuum B-the fact that species are defined by fixed adaptations to their direct environment C-the theory presented by Thomas Malthus that population densities of any given species are most affected by mortality and fertility rates D-the pre-darwinian notion that species, once created, can never change E-the late 19th century concept that because mendelian traits are fixed they are evidence that variation within and between species are designed by God specifically for those speciesarrow_forwardTwo morphological variants in a population of medium ground finch on the Galapagos Islands have been found to exist. Individuals of each variant respond more strongly to songs produced by the same variant, and prefer to mate with individuals of their own morphological variant. What type of speciation could be in progress, and what measurements could inform the extent of prezygotic reproductive barriers that have developed? A. Sympatric speciation by sexual selection; survival and reproductive success of hybrids of the two morphological variants. B. Allopatric speciation by habitat differentiation; survival and reproductive success of hybrids of the two morphological variants. C. Sympatric speciation by sexual selection; frequencies of mating and numbers of viable offspring of the two morphological variants. D. Allopatric speciation by habitat differentiation; frequencies of mating and numbers of viable offspring of the two morphological variants.arrow_forward
- In nature, when a lone male lion encounters a pride (a group of lions with a male leader), the two males will often fight to become head of the pride. It has been documented that if the foreign lion wins the battle, he will usually kill the offspring of the weaker lion’s pride. This natural selection process best describes; Select one: a. Fitness within species b. Bottleneck effect c. Macroevolution d. Microevolution e. Speciationarrow_forwardWhat data would suggest that a species evolutionary history includes sexual selection as a mechanism that helped shape the species? If males and females are significantly different from each other (sexual dimporphism) If males and females form different social groups (i.e. herds are formed from either males or females but not both) If some males reproduce with multiple females while other males do not reproduce If males engage in "risky" behaviorarrow_forwardA. Direction: For each of the five examples below, give the name of the isolating mechanism and specify if it is prezygotic or postzygotic isolation. a. In some bee population, only large bees are big enough to unfold flower petals and obtain nectar and pollen. b. A cross between two fish species occurs but development only occurs up to 16-cell stage. c. In drosophila, when sperm form one species enters the other species, the sperm is immobilized and unable to fertilized egg. d. Fireflies have a unique lighting pattern. The frequency of lighting is species specific. Fireflies in the same area will not mate with those having a different lighting frequency. e. Two species of butterflies are found in northern Michigan, but one species is found only near rivers and streams, the other near lakes. B. Read analyze the statements given below. Then, justify your answer. a. A common farming practice is to breed a female horse with a male donkey. The result is a very robust animal – the mule.…arrow_forward
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