Study Guide for Campbell Biology
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134443775
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Jane B. Reece, Martha R. Taylor, Michael A. Pollock
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 25, Problem 13TYK
Summary Introduction
Introduction: Termination of a large number of species relatively within a short span of the geological time is referred to as mass extinction. It occurs due to asteroid impacts, massive volcanic eruptions, climatic changes, or combination of these causes.
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Students have asked these similar questions
A. How old is the Earth?
B. How long did the longest eon (so far) last?
C. How many years ago did the most recent epoch begin?
D. How many mass extinction events has the Earth witnessed so far?
Which of the following do not provide evidence that a meteor strike was a partial cause of the Cretaceous-Paleogene mass extinction?
a.
A potential meteor crater off the coast of Mexico
b.
High layers of iridium in soil deposits in the geologic record at that time
c.
Shocked quartz was formed in large quantities at that time around the potential impact site
d.
An ozone hole appeared in the atmosphere at the time of the meteor strike
The fossil record shows that in just the last 600 million years, there have been five instances of sharp decreases in the diversity and abundance of living organisms. what are these events?
a. droughts
b. mass extinctions
c. reversals of the earth's magnetic field
d. great migration
Chapter 25 Solutions
Study Guide for Campbell Biology
Ch. 25 - Why do we say that, for life to have begun, the...Ch. 25 - Prob. 2IQCh. 25 - Prob. 3IQCh. 25 - Prob. 4IQCh. 25 - Prob. 5IQCh. 25 - a. Mammals originated 180 mya but did not change...Ch. 25 - Prob. 7IQCh. 25 - a. According to the model of species selection,...Ch. 25 - Prob. 1SYKCh. 25 - Label the eons, eras, and key events shown on the...
Ch. 25 - Describe three major processes that have...Ch. 25 - Prob. 4SYKCh. 25 - The primitive atmosphere of Earth may have favored...Ch. 25 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 25 - Prob. 3TYKCh. 25 - The half-life of carbon-14 is 5,730 years. A...Ch. 25 - Prob. 5TYKCh. 25 - Prob. 6TYKCh. 25 - Prob. 7TYKCh. 25 - Look back at the Geologic Record in Table 25.1....Ch. 25 - Prob. 9TYKCh. 25 - According to the endosymbiont theory, a. the first...Ch. 25 - Prob. 11TYKCh. 25 - Prob. 12TYKCh. 25 - Prob. 13TYKCh. 25 - Prob. 14TYKCh. 25 - Prob. 15TYKCh. 25 - Prob. 16TYKCh. 25 - Prob. 17TYKCh. 25 - What is meant by the concept of species selection?...
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- Martian meteorites found in Antarctica were determined to possibly contain life. Scientists looked skeptically at these meteorites because a. their results suggest unusual chemical signatures that do not indicate life. b. features thought to be Martian fossils could be nonbiochemical formations. c. it is impossible for a piece of the Martian surface to fall to Earth. d. both a and b are true.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is characteristic of the end of the Paleozoic Era? a There was a mass extinction that eliminated 70% of marine life. b All of Earth's landmasses are joined together in a supercontinent called Pangaea. c Mountains began to form. d The supercontinent Pangaea separated into present-day continents.arrow_forwardThis tropical area that existed 37-29mya provided was home to many various species, including several primate species, including Parapithecus. a.Rukwa Rift Basin b.Hubei Province c. Fayumarrow_forward
- We live in the Cenozoic era, and scientists know more about this era and the epochs it’s divided into than any other time period. Why is this? A. We know more about the Cenozoic era because this is the only era that has had a wide diversity of species living on Earth. B. We know more about the Cenozoic era because this is the most recent time period in the history of the Earth, and we have more information available to study. C. We know more about the Cenozoic era because the planet’s poles reversed magnetic fields at the beginning of this era. D. We know more about the Cenozoic era because fossils don’t exist to document previous eras.arrow_forwardwhich statement about macroevolution is true? a. The history of life on Earth follows a general trend toward increasing diversity marked by rare mass extinction events. b. The theory of punctuated equilibrium proposes that most evolutionary changes occur over long periods of time. c. The theory of gradualism proposes that major evolutionary changes happen relatively rapidly and are then followed by long periods of little change. d. All scientific understandings are complete, as scientific investigations have now filled in all remaining gaps.arrow_forwardWhat is meant by the term fossil fuel? a. In order to obtain energy from these fuels, a technique known as fossilization must be used. b. The fuel was formed from ancient plant and animal life, representations of which are sometimes found as fossil imprints. C. The fuel itself must be taken from older rock samples that frequently contain embedded fossil remains. 7.arrow_forward
- During the ____ epoch, there were fewer ____ and more ____, a reversal in the relative representation of these forms during modern times. a. Eocene; omomyids; eosimiids b. Miocene; Old World monkeys; apes C. Miocene; apes; Old World monkeys d. Oligocene; apes; Old World monkeys e. Paleocene; New World monkeys; Old World monkeysarrow_forwardWhy was the Mesozoic era extinction significant to the history of mammals? a. As photosynthesis slowed, meat-eating mammals prevailed. b. Fewer plankton species meant more open ocean ecosystems for large, aquatic mammals. c. Dinosaur extinctions opened up new habitats to mammals. d. Only the smartest primates knew how to survive the extinction.arrow_forwardWhich of the following events occurred earliest in Earth’s history? a. Membrane-enclosed structures developed. b. O2 gas accumulated in the atmosphere. c. Organic molecules formed. d. CO2 gas appeared in the atmospherearrow_forward
- Fossils that serve as transitional links allow scientists toa. determine how prehistoric animals interacted with each other.b. deduce the order in which various groups of animals arose.c. relate climate change to evolutionary trends.d. determine why evolutionary changes occur.arrow_forwardWhich of the following events did NOT occur during thePrecambrian?a. Formation of the ozone layerb. RNA worldc. Evolution of the first animalsd. Evolution of the first plantsarrow_forwardThere have been five main mass extinctions. Match each mass extinction event to its description. 1. Permian extinction 2. Cretaceous-Tertiary extinction 3. Triassic extinction 4. Devonian extinction 5. Ordovician extinction a. This extinction was most likely due to a change in sea level. During this event, about 60% of all marine species were eliminated. b. This is the best-known mass extinction. It eliminated most large animals, including the dinosaurs. c. This was the most severe extinction event. About 96% of life on Earth died during this event. d. This extinction was most likely caused by climate change. About 80% of land animals died during this event. e. This extinction was most likely due to a change in sea level. It especially affected coral reefs.arrow_forward
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