Chapter 25, Problem 57QP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Curved arrows are to be depicted in the reaction in which acetylide ion undergoes nucleophilic addition to aldehydes and ketones, and also curved arrows are to be depicted in the reaction in which a nucleophile site on a molecule substitute a halogen elsewhere in the same molecule in order to form a ring.

Concept introduction:

The molecule or ion containing a lone pair of electrons or one pi-bond that have the tendency of donating electrons to an electrophile is known as nucleophile.

When an electron rich molecule interacts with an electron deficient molecule having positive charge, the reaction which takes place with the removal of the leaving group is called nucleophilic substitution reaction.

In a nucleophilic addition reaction, a chemical compound having electron-deficient double or triple bonds reacts with a nucleophile to form two new single bonds with the breaking of double bonds.

Movement of electrons in the reaction mechanism is depicted by curved arrows.