BIOLOGY
12th Edition
ISBN: 9781264839698
Author: Raven
Publisher: MCG CUSTOM
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Chapter 25, Problem 4U
Which of the following events occurred first in eukaryotic evolution?
a. Endosymbiosis and mitochondria evolution
b. Endosymbiosis and chloroplast evolution
c. Compartmentalization and formation of the nucleus
d. Formation of multicellular organisms
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All living things are divided into three domains: bacteria, archaea, and eukarya. They have several traits that are specific to each domain or shared across the domains.
Based on this information, what traits would the last universal common ancestor (LUCA) be expected to have?
A. Nuclear envelope, introns in genes, and peptidoglycan in cell walls.
B. Histones associated with DNA, circular chromosome, and peptidoglycan in cell walls.
C. Unbranched hydrocarbons in membrane lipids, histones associated with DNA, and introns in genes.
D. Circular chromosome, unbranched hydrocarbons in membrane lipids, and one kind of RNA polymerase.
Which of the following statements supports the concept of the endosymbiotic theory?
A. Proteins may be trafficked within the endomembrane system.
B. Ribosomes are present in the cytoplasm of prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells.
C. Chloroplasts have many features in common with bacteria.
D. Mitochondria can fuse together to form larger organelles within eukaryotic cells.
One piece of supporting evidence for the endosymbiotic theory for the origin of eukaryotic cells is thata. eukaryotic cells have internal membranes.b. mitochondria and chloroplasts have their own DNA.c. Golgi bodies and endoplasmic reticulum were present in ancestral cells.d. the nuclear membrane could only have come from another cell.
Chapter 25 Solutions
BIOLOGY
Ch. 25.1 - Describe the history of the Earth.Ch. 25.1 - Understand the relationship between geological...Ch. 25.2 - Contrast todays atmosphere with the likely...Ch. 25.2 - Prob. 2LOCh. 25.3 - Prob. 1LOCh. 25.4 - Prob. 1LOCh. 25.4 - Prob. 2LOCh. 25.5 - Compare and contrast the evolution of the...Ch. 25.5 - Discuss the types of cell specialization necessary...Ch. 25 - The Miller-Urey experiment demonstrated that a....
Ch. 25 - Plate tectonics can contribute to a. volcanoes and...Ch. 25 - Identify which of the following statements is...Ch. 25 - Which of the following events occurred first in...Ch. 25 - Fossil data indicate that a. life originated 4...Ch. 25 - A global glaciation would be unlikely to occur if...Ch. 25 - Although we do not know how early life arose, the...Ch. 25 - Which bits of evidence would convince you that...Ch. 25 - During which tunes would you expect that...Ch. 25 - The chloroplasts of brown algae a. have a...Ch. 25 - Vascular plants sequestered large amounts of CO2...Ch. 25 - Synthesizing what you have learned in this...Ch. 25 - Prob. 3S
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- The endosymbiotic theory argues that prokaryotes become some of the organelles of early eukaryotic cells. All of the following support this hypothesis Except: A. The mitochondria and chloroplasts have their own DNA and are nearly idential to some free-living prokaryotes b. Mitochondria and chloroplasts are nearly idential to some free-living prokaryotes. c. Mitochondria and chloroplasts have their own DNA d. The vacuoles can come and go across the plasma membranearrow_forwardWhich of the following is evidence that eukaryotes and prokaryotes share a common ancestor? a.All eukaryotes and prokaryotes use organic molecules as an energy source. b.All eukaryotes and prokaryotes are capable of mitosis. c.All eukaryotes and prokaryotes contain ribosomes. d.All eukaryotes and prokaryotes contain linear DNA.arrow_forwardThe endosymbiotic theory explains the:a. origin of the first prokaryotic cells.b. origins of mitochondria and chloroplasts in eukaryotes.c. evolutionary relationship between animals, plants, and fungi.d. method of reproduction in protists.arrow_forward
- Place these events in the history of life on Earth in the order that they occurred. a. accumulation of O2 in Earth’s atmosphere b. colonization of land by plants and fungi c. diversification of animals (Cambrian explosion) d. origin of eukaryotes e. origin of humans f. origin of multicellular organisms g. origin of prokaryotesarrow_forwardWhich of the following is thought to be the most closely related to the common animal ancestor? a. fungal cells b. protist cells c. plant cells d. bacterial cellsarrow_forwardWhat do the multiple branching points at the root of the eukaryotic phylogenetic tree indicate about the evolution of eukaryotes? A. that unikonts are derived from the SAR clade B. that Archaeplastids were the first eukaryotes C. that fungi are more closely related to plants than animals D. that eukaryotes are all descended from a common ancestorarrow_forward
- Which is a piece of evidence that supports the endosymbiotic theory? Select all that apply. (Group of answer choices) A. many bacteria are resistant to antibiotics B. eukaryotic cells have cell membranes C. mitochondria have their own DNA D. chloroplast DNA is more similar to cyanobacteria DNA than eukaryotic DNA E. ribosomes are present in eukaryotic cells F. mitochondria must divide to multiply, cells can't build themarrow_forwardwhy was the first mini threshold of life's evolution, photosynthesis, so important? a. it helped plants move onto land b. it transformed our atmosphere from oxygen-rich to carbon dioxide-rich c. it allowed life to spread beyond oceanic vents d. it forced organism to become multicellular to process more complex energyarrow_forwardThe evolution of eukaryotes was most directly enabled by which of the following? a. Diversification within prokaryotes b. Chemical evolution of organic polymers c. Evolutionary split between prokaryotes and archaea d. Prokaryotic autotrophs increasing atmospheric oxygen e. Decrease of the Earth's surface Which of the following statements is true about ribonucleic acid? I. RNA carries genetic information II. RNA can serve structural and catalytic roles III. Air replicating organisms contain RNA a. I only b. II only c. III only d. I and II only e. I, II, and IIIarrow_forward
- Which of these steps probably occurred first in the chemical andbiological evolution of life?a. The cell membrane of a protobiont formed.b. The first organic molecules formed.c. The original genetic material was RNA.d. Simple organic monomers formed from inorganic materials.arrow_forwardSerial endosymbiosis is the most supported theory on how the first eukaryotic cells evolved from prokaryotic cells. The figure depicts the evolution of eukaryotic cells which include links to prokaryotic cells from early in the history of life. Identify the cellular structures involved in the connection of eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. Describe the characteristics of the cellular structures that supports the evolutionary connection. State a claim on how eukaryotic cells evolved. Using evolutionary evidence justify your claim. The cells modeled above are a result are descendants of an original cell.arrow_forwardSince 1735, the Linnaean classification system has been the basic system for all taxonomy in biology. Which statement best explains the reason for changing how organisms are classified today? A. Organisms are evolving at a faster rate than in the past B. More diverse and complex organisms are being discovered C.  There are more organisms today than there were in the past D. New information about the genetics of species is being discoveredarrow_forward
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