Chapter 25, Problem 36P

(a)

To determine

The smallest outside radius $R_{\text{min}}$ permitted for the bend in the fiber so that no light escapes.

(b)

To determine

The smallest outside radius $R_{\text{min}}$ permitted for the bend in the fiber as the diameter tends to zero, and to explain whether this behavior is reasonable.

(c)

To determine

The smallest outside radius $R_{\text{min}}$ permitted for the bend in the fiber as the refractive index increases.

(d)

To determine

The smallest outside radius $R_{\text{min}}$ permitted for the bend in the fiber as the refractive index approaches to $1$.

(e)

To determine

The value of minimum outside radius $R_{\text{min}}$.