The each given disaccharides are to be identified whether it is reducing sugar or not. Concept introduction: For the carbohydrates, Anomeric position is carried by an OH group for Hemiacetals . Anomeric position is carried by an alkoxy group for acetals . Hemiacetal sugars are in equilibrium with their open chain form. Acetal sugars are not in equilibrium with their open chain form. Reducing sugar: Sugars that contain aldehyde or a free ketone groups that are oxidized to carboxylic acids are classified as reducing sugars. So, the open chain form of sugars can reduce certain oxidizing agents (Tollens’, Fehling’s and Benedict’s) and become carboxylic acids. To identify: the given compound (a) is a reducing sugar or not.

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Answer 1

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Definition Definition Class of organic compounds that contain a carboxyl group ( - COOH ) and has a general formula R - COOH or R - CO 2 H , where R refers to the alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or other groups. They can undergo different chemical reactions, such as acid-base reactions, esterification, and oxidation. These are essential components of living organisms, playing important roles in metabolic processes, signaling, and as pharmaceuticals.

Chapter 24.7, Problem 39PTS

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The each given disaccharides are to be identified whether it is reducing sugar or not.

Concept introduction:

For the carbohydrates,

Anomeric position is carried by an OH group for Hemiacetals.

Anomeric position is carried by an alkoxy group for acetals.

Hemiacetal sugars are in equilibrium with their open chain form.

Acetal sugars are not in equilibrium with their open chain form.

Reducing sugar: Sugars that contain aldehyde or a free ketone groups that are oxidized to carboxylic acids are classified as reducing sugars. So, the open chain form of sugars can reduce certain oxidizing agents (Tollens’, Fehling’s and Benedict’s) and become carboxylic acids.

To identify: the given compound (a) is a reducing sugar or not.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The each given disaccharides are to be identified whether it is reducing sugar or not.

Concept introduction:

For the carbohydrates,

Anomeric position is carried by an OH group for Hemiacetals.

Anomeric position is carried by an alkoxy group for acetals.

Hemiacetal sugars are in equilibrium with their open chain form.

Acetal sugars are not in equilibrium with their open chain form.

Reducing sugar: Sugars that contain aldehyde or a free ketone groups that are oxidized to carboxylic acids are classified as reducing sugars. So, the open chain form of sugars can reduce certain oxidizing agents (Tollens’, Fehling’s and Benedict’s) and become carboxylic acids.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The each given disaccharides are to be identified whether it is reducing sugar or not.

Concept introduction:

For the carbohydrates,

Anomeric position is carried by an OH group for Hemiacetals.

Anomeric position is carried by an alkoxy group for acetals.

Hemiacetal sugars are in equilibrium with their open chain form.

Acetal sugars are not in equilibrium with their open chain form.

Reducing sugar: Sugars that contain aldehyde or a free ketone groups that are oxidized to carboxylic acids are classified as reducing sugars. So, the open chain form of sugars can reduce certain oxidizing agents (Tollens’, Fehling’s and Benedict’s) and become carboxylic acids.

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Answer 2

Question

Definition Definition Class of organic compounds that contain a carboxyl group ( - COOH ) and has a general formula R - COOH or R - CO 2 H , where R refers to the alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or other groups. They can undergo different chemical reactions, such as acid-base reactions, esterification, and oxidation. These are essential components of living organisms, playing important roles in metabolic processes, signaling, and as pharmaceuticals.

Chapter 24.7, Problem 39PTS

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The each given disaccharides are to be identified whether it is reducing sugar or not.

Concept introduction:

For the carbohydrates,

Anomeric position is carried by an OH group for Hemiacetals.

Anomeric position is carried by an alkoxy group for acetals.

Hemiacetal sugars are in equilibrium with their open chain form.

Acetal sugars are not in equilibrium with their open chain form.

Reducing sugar: Sugars that contain aldehyde or a free ketone groups that are oxidized to carboxylic acids are classified as reducing sugars. So, the open chain form of sugars can reduce certain oxidizing agents (Tollens’, Fehling’s and Benedict’s) and become carboxylic acids.

To identify: the given compound (a) is a reducing sugar or not.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The each given disaccharides are to be identified whether it is reducing sugar or not.

Concept introduction:

For the carbohydrates,

Anomeric position is carried by an OH group for Hemiacetals.

Anomeric position is carried by an alkoxy group for acetals.

Hemiacetal sugars are in equilibrium with their open chain form.

Acetal sugars are not in equilibrium with their open chain form.

Reducing sugar: Sugars that contain aldehyde or a free ketone groups that are oxidized to carboxylic acids are classified as reducing sugars. So, the open chain form of sugars can reduce certain oxidizing agents (Tollens’, Fehling’s and Benedict’s) and become carboxylic acids.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The each given disaccharides are to be identified whether it is reducing sugar or not.

Concept introduction:

For the carbohydrates,

Anomeric position is carried by an OH group for Hemiacetals.

Anomeric position is carried by an alkoxy group for acetals.

Hemiacetal sugars are in equilibrium with their open chain form.

Acetal sugars are not in equilibrium with their open chain form.

Reducing sugar: Sugars that contain aldehyde or a free ketone groups that are oxidized to carboxylic acids are classified as reducing sugars. So, the open chain form of sugars can reduce certain oxidizing agents (Tollens’, Fehling’s and Benedict’s) and become carboxylic acids.

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Answer 3

Question

Definition Definition Class of organic compounds that contain a carboxyl group ( - COOH ) and has a general formula R - COOH or R - CO 2 H , where R refers to the alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or other groups. They can undergo different chemical reactions, such as acid-base reactions, esterification, and oxidation. These are essential components of living organisms, playing important roles in metabolic processes, signaling, and as pharmaceuticals.

Chapter 24.7, Problem 39PTS

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The each given disaccharides are to be identified whether it is reducing sugar or not.

Concept introduction:

For the carbohydrates,

Anomeric position is carried by an OH group for Hemiacetals.

Anomeric position is carried by an alkoxy group for acetals.

Hemiacetal sugars are in equilibrium with their open chain form.

Acetal sugars are not in equilibrium with their open chain form.

Reducing sugar: Sugars that contain aldehyde or a free ketone groups that are oxidized to carboxylic acids are classified as reducing sugars. So, the open chain form of sugars can reduce certain oxidizing agents (Tollens’, Fehling’s and Benedict’s) and become carboxylic acids.

To identify: the given compound (a) is a reducing sugar or not.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The each given disaccharides are to be identified whether it is reducing sugar or not.

Concept introduction:

For the carbohydrates,

Anomeric position is carried by an OH group for Hemiacetals.

Anomeric position is carried by an alkoxy group for acetals.

Hemiacetal sugars are in equilibrium with their open chain form.

Acetal sugars are not in equilibrium with their open chain form.

Reducing sugar: Sugars that contain aldehyde or a free ketone groups that are oxidized to carboxylic acids are classified as reducing sugars. So, the open chain form of sugars can reduce certain oxidizing agents (Tollens’, Fehling’s and Benedict’s) and become carboxylic acids.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The each given disaccharides are to be identified whether it is reducing sugar or not.

Concept introduction:

For the carbohydrates,

Anomeric position is carried by an OH group for Hemiacetals.

Anomeric position is carried by an alkoxy group for acetals.

Hemiacetal sugars are in equilibrium with their open chain form.

Acetal sugars are not in equilibrium with their open chain form.

Reducing sugar: Sugars that contain aldehyde or a free ketone groups that are oxidized to carboxylic acids are classified as reducing sugars. So, the open chain form of sugars can reduce certain oxidizing agents (Tollens’, Fehling’s and Benedict’s) and become carboxylic acids.

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Answer 4

Question

Definition Definition Class of organic compounds that contain a carboxyl group ( - COOH ) and has a general formula R - COOH or R - CO 2 H , where R refers to the alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or other groups. They can undergo different chemical reactions, such as acid-base reactions, esterification, and oxidation. These are essential components of living organisms, playing important roles in metabolic processes, signaling, and as pharmaceuticals.

Chapter 24.7, Problem 39PTS

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The each given disaccharides are to be identified whether it is reducing sugar or not.

Concept introduction:

For the carbohydrates,

Anomeric position is carried by an OH group for Hemiacetals.

Anomeric position is carried by an alkoxy group for acetals.

Hemiacetal sugars are in equilibrium with their open chain form.

Acetal sugars are not in equilibrium with their open chain form.

Reducing sugar: Sugars that contain aldehyde or a free ketone groups that are oxidized to carboxylic acids are classified as reducing sugars. So, the open chain form of sugars can reduce certain oxidizing agents (Tollens’, Fehling’s and Benedict’s) and become carboxylic acids.

To identify: the given compound (a) is a reducing sugar or not.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The each given disaccharides are to be identified whether it is reducing sugar or not.

Concept introduction:

For the carbohydrates,

Anomeric position is carried by an OH group for Hemiacetals.

Anomeric position is carried by an alkoxy group for acetals.

Hemiacetal sugars are in equilibrium with their open chain form.

Acetal sugars are not in equilibrium with their open chain form.

Reducing sugar: Sugars that contain aldehyde or a free ketone groups that are oxidized to carboxylic acids are classified as reducing sugars. So, the open chain form of sugars can reduce certain oxidizing agents (Tollens’, Fehling’s and Benedict’s) and become carboxylic acids.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The each given disaccharides are to be identified whether it is reducing sugar or not.

Concept introduction:

For the carbohydrates,

Anomeric position is carried by an OH group for Hemiacetals.

Anomeric position is carried by an alkoxy group for acetals.

Hemiacetal sugars are in equilibrium with their open chain form.

Acetal sugars are not in equilibrium with their open chain form.

Reducing sugar: Sugars that contain aldehyde or a free ketone groups that are oxidized to carboxylic acids are classified as reducing sugars. So, the open chain form of sugars can reduce certain oxidizing agents (Tollens’, Fehling’s and Benedict’s) and become carboxylic acids.

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Answer 5

Chapter 24.7, Problem 39PTS

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The each given disaccharides are to be identified whether it is reducing sugar or not.

Concept introduction:

For the carbohydrates,

Anomeric position is carried by an OH group for Hemiacetals.

Anomeric position is carried by an alkoxy group for acetals.

Hemiacetal sugars are in equilibrium with their open chain form.

Acetal sugars are not in equilibrium with their open chain form.

Reducing sugar: Sugars that contain aldehyde or a free ketone groups that are oxidized to carboxylic acids are classified as reducing sugars. So, the open chain form of sugars can reduce certain oxidizing agents (Tollens’, Fehling’s and Benedict’s) and become carboxylic acids.

To identify: the given compound (a) is a reducing sugar or not.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The each given disaccharides are to be identified whether it is reducing sugar or not.

Concept introduction:

For the carbohydrates,

Anomeric position is carried by an OH group for Hemiacetals.

Anomeric position is carried by an alkoxy group for acetals.

Hemiacetal sugars are in equilibrium with their open chain form.

Acetal sugars are not in equilibrium with their open chain form.

Reducing sugar: Sugars that contain aldehyde or a free ketone groups that are oxidized to carboxylic acids are classified as reducing sugars. So, the open chain form of sugars can reduce certain oxidizing agents (Tollens’, Fehling’s and Benedict’s) and become carboxylic acids.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The each given disaccharides are to be identified whether it is reducing sugar or not.

Concept introduction:

For the carbohydrates,

Anomeric position is carried by an OH group for Hemiacetals.

Anomeric position is carried by an alkoxy group for acetals.

Hemiacetal sugars are in equilibrium with their open chain form.

Acetal sugars are not in equilibrium with their open chain form.

Reducing sugar: Sugars that contain aldehyde or a free ketone groups that are oxidized to carboxylic acids are classified as reducing sugars. So, the open chain form of sugars can reduce certain oxidizing agents (Tollens’, Fehling’s and Benedict’s) and become carboxylic acids.

Answer 6

Chapter 24.7, Problem 39PTS

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The each given disaccharides are to be identified whether it is reducing sugar or not.

Concept introduction:

For the carbohydrates,

Anomeric position is carried by an OH group for Hemiacetals.

Anomeric position is carried by an alkoxy group for acetals.

Hemiacetal sugars are in equilibrium with their open chain form.

Acetal sugars are not in equilibrium with their open chain form.

Reducing sugar: Sugars that contain aldehyde or a free ketone groups that are oxidized to carboxylic acids are classified as reducing sugars. So, the open chain form of sugars can reduce certain oxidizing agents (Tollens’, Fehling’s and Benedict’s) and become carboxylic acids.

To identify: the given compound (a) is a reducing sugar or not.

Answer 7

Chapter 24.7, Problem 39PTS

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The each given disaccharides are to be identified whether it is reducing sugar or not.

Concept introduction:

For the carbohydrates,

Anomeric position is carried by an OH group for Hemiacetals.

Anomeric position is carried by an alkoxy group for acetals.

Hemiacetal sugars are in equilibrium with their open chain form.

Acetal sugars are not in equilibrium with their open chain form.

Reducing sugar: Sugars that contain aldehyde or a free ketone groups that are oxidized to carboxylic acids are classified as reducing sugars. So, the open chain form of sugars can reduce certain oxidizing agents (Tollens’, Fehling’s and Benedict’s) and become carboxylic acids.

To identify: the given compound (a) is a reducing sugar or not.

Answer 8

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The each given disaccharides are to be identified whether it is reducing sugar or not.

Concept introduction:

For the carbohydrates,

Anomeric position is carried by an OH group for Hemiacetals.

Anomeric position is carried by an alkoxy group for acetals.

Hemiacetal sugars are in equilibrium with their open chain form.

Acetal sugars are not in equilibrium with their open chain form.

Reducing sugar: Sugars that contain aldehyde or a free ketone groups that are oxidized to carboxylic acids are classified as reducing sugars. So, the open chain form of sugars can reduce certain oxidizing agents (Tollens’, Fehling’s and Benedict’s) and become carboxylic acids.

Answer 9

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The each given disaccharides are to be identified whether it is reducing sugar or not.

Concept introduction:

For the carbohydrates,

Anomeric position is carried by an OH group for Hemiacetals.

Anomeric position is carried by an alkoxy group for acetals.

Hemiacetal sugars are in equilibrium with their open chain form.

Acetal sugars are not in equilibrium with their open chain form.

Reducing sugar: Sugars that contain aldehyde or a free ketone groups that are oxidized to carboxylic acids are classified as reducing sugars. So, the open chain form of sugars can reduce certain oxidizing agents (Tollens’, Fehling’s and Benedict’s) and become carboxylic acids.

Answer 10

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The each given disaccharides are to be identified whether it is reducing sugar or not.

Concept introduction:

For the carbohydrates,

Anomeric position is carried by an OH group for Hemiacetals.

Anomeric position is carried by an alkoxy group for acetals.

Hemiacetal sugars are in equilibrium with their open chain form.

Acetal sugars are not in equilibrium with their open chain form.

Reducing sugar: Sugars that contain aldehyde or a free ketone groups that are oxidized to carboxylic acids are classified as reducing sugars. So, the open chain form of sugars can reduce certain oxidizing agents (Tollens’, Fehling’s and Benedict’s) and become carboxylic acids.

Answer 11

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The each given disaccharides are to be identified whether it is reducing sugar or not.

Concept introduction:

For the carbohydrates,

Anomeric position is carried by an OH group for Hemiacetals.

Anomeric position is carried by an alkoxy group for acetals.

Hemiacetal sugars are in equilibrium with their open chain form.

Acetal sugars are not in equilibrium with their open chain form.

Reducing sugar: Sugars that contain aldehyde or a free ketone groups that are oxidized to carboxylic acids are classified as reducing sugars. So, the open chain form of sugars can reduce certain oxidizing agents (Tollens’, Fehling’s and Benedict’s) and become carboxylic acids.

Answer 12

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Answer 13

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Answer 14

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Answer 15

Ch. 24.2 - Prob. 1CC Ch. 24.2 - Prob. 2CC Ch. 24.2 - Prob. 3CC Ch. 24.2 - Prob. 4CC Ch. 24.2 - Prob. 5CC Ch. 24.2 - Prob. 6CC Ch. 24.4 - Prob. 7CC Ch. 24.4 - Prob. 8CC Ch. 24.5 - Prob. 1LTS Ch. 24.5 - Prob. 9PTS

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