(a)
Interpretation:
For each of the given bifunctional compounds, the cyclic hemiacetal formed when treated with aqueous acid should be drawn.
Concept introduction:
- Hemiacetal are formed for the compound having both hydroxyl group and
aldehyde group in acidic condition. - The oxygen atom in the –OH group of compound attacks the carbonyl group of the same compound, thereby a ring is formed by the carbon atoms and oxygen atom of –OH group with incorporating into the ring.
To draw: the hemiacetal formed for the given molecule when treated with aqueous acid.
(b)
Interpretation:
For each of the given bifunctional compounds, the cyclic hemiacetal formed when treated with aqueous acid should be drawn.
Concept introduction:
- Hemiacetal are formed for the compound having both hydroxyl group and aldehyde group in acidic condition.
- The oxygen atom in the –OH group of compound attacks the carbonyl group of the same compound, thereby a ring is formed by the carbon atoms and oxygen atom of –OH group with incorporating into the ring.
To draw: the hemiacetal formed for the given molecule when treated with aqueous acid.
(c)
Interpretation:
For each of the given bifunctional compounds, the cyclic hemiacetal formed when treated with aqueous acid should be drawn.
Concept introduction:
- Hemiacetal are formed for the compound having both hydroxyl group and aldehyde group in acidic condition.
- The oxygen atom in the –OH group of compound attacks the carbonyl group of the same compound, thereby a ring is formed by the carbon atoms and oxygen atom of –OH group with incorporating into the ring.
To draw: the hemiacetal formed for the given molecule when treated with aqueous acid.
(d)
Interpretation:
For each of the given bifunctional compounds, the cyclic hemiacetal formed when treated with aqueous acid should be drawn.
Concept introduction:
- Hemiacetal are formed for the compound having both hydroxyl group and aldehyde group in acidic condition.
- The oxygen atom in the –OH group of compound attacks the carbonyl group of the same compound, thereby a ring is formed by the carbon atoms and oxygen atom of –OH group with incorporating into the ring.
To draw: the hemiacetal formed for the given molecule when treated with aqueous acid.

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Chapter 24 Solutions
Organic Chemistry
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