Conceptual Physical Science (6th Edition)
6th Edition
ISBN: 9780134060491
Author: Paul G. Hewitt, John A. Suchocki, Leslie A. Hewitt
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 24, Problem 91E
What happens to the water level in a glass of water when a floating ice cube in the glass melts? Similarly, what happens to the water level in the Great Lakes when floating chunks of ice melt?
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A cylinder with a piston contains 0.153 mol of
nitrogen at a pressure of 1.83×105 Pa and a
temperature of 290 K. The nitrogen may be
treated as an ideal gas. The gas is first compressed
isobarically to half its original volume. It then
expands adiabatically back to its original volume,
and finally it is heated isochorically to its original
pressure.
Part A
Compute the temperature at the beginning of the adiabatic expansion.
Express your answer in kelvins.
ΕΠΙ ΑΣΦ
T₁ =
?
K
Submit
Request Answer
Part B
Compute the temperature at the end of the adiabatic expansion.
Express your answer in kelvins.
Π ΑΣΦ
T₂ =
Submit
Request Answer
Part C
Compute the minimum pressure.
Express your answer in pascals.
ΕΠΙ ΑΣΦ
P =
Submit
Request Answer
?
?
K
Pa
Learning Goal:
To understand the meaning and the basic applications of
pV diagrams for an ideal gas.
As you know, the parameters of an ideal gas are
described by the equation
pV = nRT,
where p is the pressure of the gas, V is the volume of
the gas, n is the number of moles, R is the universal gas
constant, and T is the absolute temperature of the gas. It
follows that, for a portion of an ideal gas,
pV
= constant.
Τ
One can see that, if the amount of gas remains constant,
it is impossible to change just one parameter of the gas:
At least one more parameter would also change. For
instance, if the pressure of the gas is changed, we can
be sure that either the volume or the temperature of the
gas (or, maybe, both!) would also change.
To explore these changes, it is often convenient to draw a
graph showing one parameter as a function of the other.
Although there are many choices of axes, the most
common one is a plot of pressure as a function of
volume: a pV diagram.
In this problem, you…
Learning Goal:
To understand the meaning and the basic applications of
pV diagrams for an ideal gas.
As you know, the parameters of an ideal gas are
described by the equation
pV = nRT,
where p is the pressure of the gas, V is the volume of
the gas, n is the number of moles, R is the universal gas
constant, and T is the absolute temperature of the gas. It
follows that, for a portion of an ideal gas,
pV
= constant.
T
One can see that, if the amount of gas remains constant,
it is impossible to change just one parameter of the gas:
At least one more parameter would also change. For
instance, if the pressure of the gas is changed, we can
be sure that either the volume or the temperature of the
gas (or, maybe, both!) would also change.
To explore these changes, it is often convenient to draw a
graph showing one parameter as a function of the other.
Although there are many choices of axes, the most
common one is a plot of pressure as a function of
volume: a pV diagram.
In this problem, you…
Chapter 24 Solutions
Conceptual Physical Science (6th Edition)
Ch. 24 - Why are temperature swings smaller over coastal...Ch. 24 - What were the main components of Earth's first...Ch. 24 - Prob. 3RCQCh. 24 - Prob. 4RCQCh. 24 - Prob. 5RCQCh. 24 - The salinity of the ocean varies from one place to...Ch. 24 - Prob. 7RCQCh. 24 - Prob. 8RCQCh. 24 - Why is a barrier island's lagoon usually a quiet...Ch. 24 - Why are all tides highest at the time of a full or...
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To ocean...Ch. 24 - How does the Coriolis force determine the general...Ch. 24 - Why are most of the world's deserts found in the...Ch. 24 - Prob. 27RCQCh. 24 - Why are eastbound aircraft flights usually faster...Ch. 24 - Prob. 29RCQCh. 24 - Prob. 30RCQCh. 24 - What is the mass in kilograms of the air in an...Ch. 24 - What is the mass in kilograms of the air in a...Ch. 24 - Going from continental land toword the deep ocean...Ch. 24 - Rising through Earth's atmospheric layers,...Ch. 24 - Prob. 37TARCh. 24 - From the equator to the poles, place the following...Ch. 24 - Deep-water ocean currents transport water and heat...Ch. 24 - How does the ocean influence weather on land?Ch. 24 - Considering that our atmosphere developed as a...Ch. 24 - Why are temperature fluctuations greater over land...Ch. 24 - If it is winter and January in Chicago, what are...Ch. 24 - The oceans are composed of salt water, yet...Ch. 24 - Prob. 45ECh. 24 - Prob. 46ECh. 24 - Prob. 47ECh. 24 - Because seawater does not freeze easily, sea ice...Ch. 24 - As a volume of seawater freezes, the salinity of...Ch. 24 - Prob. 50ECh. 24 - Carbonate rocks are formed mainly in marine...Ch. 24 - Suppose a breakwater is built offshore and...Ch. 24 - As waves approach shallow water, those with longer...Ch. 24 - Why is the sand of some beaches composed of small...Ch. 24 - Would ocean tides exist if the gravitational pull...Ch. 24 - Most people today know that the ocean tides are...Ch. 24 - Why arent high ocean tides exactly 12 hours apart?Ch. 24 - When the ocean tide is unusually high, is the...Ch. 24 - With respect to spring and neap ocean tides, when...Ch. 24 - Why is the thermosphere so much hotter than the...Ch. 24 - What is the source of the ions that give the...Ch. 24 - If a gas fills all the space available to it, why...Ch. 24 - Explain why your earn pop when you ascend to...Ch. 24 - What causes the fiery displays of light called the...Ch. 24 - Why is it important that mountain climbers wear...Ch. 24 - How does the density of air in a deep mine compare...Ch. 24 - Pretend you have a magic beanstalk. As you climb...Ch. 24 - How do the wavelengths of radiant energy vary with...Ch. 24 - How is global warming affected by the relative...Ch. 24 - Earth is closest to the Sun in January, but...Ch. 24 - If the composition of the atmosphere were changed...Ch. 24 - How do equatorial regions and polar regions on...Ch. 24 - How do scientists determine greenhouse gas levels...Ch. 24 - In tropical regions, solar energy exceeds...Ch. 24 - As the worlds population increases, the amount of...Ch. 24 - If there were no water on Earths surface, would...Ch. 24 - If Earth were not spinning, in what direction...Ch. 24 - Temperature and pressure are directly proportional...Ch. 24 - Why does warm air rise and cool air sink?Ch. 24 - Prob. 80ECh. 24 - Prob. 81ECh. 24 - Prob. 82ECh. 24 - What role does the Sun play in the circulation of...Ch. 24 - Why do the temperate zones have unpredictable...Ch. 24 - Relate the jet stream to upper-air circulation....Ch. 24 - Prob. 86ECh. 24 - Prob. 87ECh. 24 - Which receive more solar energy over the course of...Ch. 24 - What is the characteristic climate of the...Ch. 24 - What is the relationship between global...Ch. 24 - What happens to the water level in a glass of...Ch. 24 - What effect does the formation of sea ice in polar...Ch. 24 - Explain why most of the bottom water of the oceans...Ch. 24 - Water denser than surrounding water sinks. With...Ch. 24 - How does the density of seawater vary with changes...Ch. 24 - Prob. 96DQCh. 24 - Prob. 97DQCh. 24 - At the surface, does an Ekman spiral look like a...Ch. 24 - Prob. 99DQCh. 24 - How would air circulate in the Northern and...Ch. 24 - Earth's lower atmosphere is kept warm by (a) solar...Ch. 24 - Prob. 2RATCh. 24 - Which pulls with the greater force on Earth's...Ch. 24 - Air motion is greatly influenced by (a) pressure...Ch. 24 - Ocean tides are caused by differences in the (a)...Ch. 24 - Prob. 6RATCh. 24 - The wind blows in response to (a) frictional drag....Ch. 24 - Planet Earth experiences changes of the seasons...Ch. 24 - The Coriolis force influences the wind by (a)...Ch. 24 - The ultimate cause of ocean surface currents is...
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