(III) The quantity of liquid (such as cryogenic liquid nitrogen) available in its storage tank is often monitored by a capacitive level sensor. This sensor is a vertically aligned cylindrical capacitor with outer and inner conductor radii R a and R b , whose length ℓ spans the height of the tank. When a nonconducting liquid fills the tank to a height h (≤ ℓ ) from the tank’s bottom, the dielectric in the lower and upper region between the cylindrical conductors is the liquid ( K liq ) and its vapor ( K V ), respectively (Fig. 24–33). ( a ) Determine a formula for the fraction F of the tank filled by liquid in terms of the level-sensor capacitance C. [ Hint : Consider the sensor as a combination of two capacitors.] ( b ) By connecting a capacitance-measuring instrument to the level sensor, F can be monitored. Assume the sensor dimensions are ℓ = 2.0 m. R a = 5.0 mm, and R b = 4.5 mm. For liquid nitrogen (K liq = 1.4, K V = 1.0), what values of C (in pF) will correspond to the lank being completely full and completely empty? FIGURE 24–33 Problem 64.
(III) The quantity of liquid (such as cryogenic liquid nitrogen) available in its storage tank is often monitored by a capacitive level sensor. This sensor is a vertically aligned cylindrical capacitor with outer and inner conductor radii R a and R b , whose length ℓ spans the height of the tank. When a nonconducting liquid fills the tank to a height h (≤ ℓ ) from the tank’s bottom, the dielectric in the lower and upper region between the cylindrical conductors is the liquid ( K liq ) and its vapor ( K V ), respectively (Fig. 24–33). ( a ) Determine a formula for the fraction F of the tank filled by liquid in terms of the level-sensor capacitance C. [ Hint : Consider the sensor as a combination of two capacitors.] ( b ) By connecting a capacitance-measuring instrument to the level sensor, F can be monitored. Assume the sensor dimensions are ℓ = 2.0 m. R a = 5.0 mm, and R b = 4.5 mm. For liquid nitrogen (K liq = 1.4, K V = 1.0), what values of C (in pF) will correspond to the lank being completely full and completely empty? FIGURE 24–33 Problem 64.
(III) The quantity of liquid (such as cryogenic liquid nitrogen) available in its storage tank is often monitored by a capacitive level sensor. This sensor is a vertically aligned cylindrical capacitor with outer and inner conductor radii Ra and Rb, whose length ℓ spans the height of the tank. When a nonconducting liquid fills the tank to a height h (≤ ℓ) from the tank’s bottom, the dielectric in the lower and upper region between the cylindrical conductors is the liquid (Kliq) and its vapor (KV), respectively (Fig. 24–33). (a) Determine a formula for the fraction F of the tank filled by liquid in terms of the level-sensor capacitance C. [Hint: Consider the sensor as a combination of two capacitors.] (b) By connecting a capacitance-measuring instrument to the level sensor, F can be monitored. Assume the sensor dimensions are ℓ = 2.0 m. Ra = 5.0 mm, and Rb = 4.5 mm. For liquid nitrogen (Kliq = 1.4, KV = 1.0), what values of C (in pF) will correspond to the lank being completely full and completely empty?
A ball is thrown with an initial speed v, at an angle 6, with the horizontal. The horizontal range of the ball is R, and the ball reaches a maximum height R/4. In terms of R and g, find the following.
(a) the time interval during which the ball is in motion
2R
(b) the ball's speed at the peak of its path
v=
Rg 2
√ sin 26, V 3
(c) the initial vertical component of its velocity
Rg
sin ei
sin 20
(d) its initial speed
Rg
√ sin 20
×
(e) the angle 6, expressed in terms of arctan of a fraction.
1
(f) Suppose the ball is thrown at the same initial speed found in (d) but at the angle appropriate for reaching the greatest height that it can. Find this height.
hmax
R2
(g) Suppose the ball is thrown at the same initial speed but at the angle for greatest possible range. Find this maximum horizontal range.
Xmax
R√3
2
An outfielder throws a baseball to his catcher in an attempt to throw out a runner at home plate. The ball bounces once before reaching the catcher. Assume the angle at which the bounced ball leaves the ground is the same as the angle at which the outfielder threw it as shown in the figure, but that the ball's speed after the bounce is one-half of what it was before the bounce.
8
(a) Assuming the ball is always thrown with the same initial speed, at what angle & should the fielder throw the ball to make it go the same distance D with one bounce (blue path) as a ball thrown upward at 35.0° with no bounce (green path)?
24
(b) Determine the ratio of the time interval for the one-bounce throw to the flight time for the no-bounce throw.
Cone-bounce
no-bounce
0.940
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