Campbell Biology in Focus (2nd Edition)
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9780321962751
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Jane B. Reece
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 24, Problem 3TYU
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Horizontal gene transfer is a process in which genetic material from an organism is
a. transferred from cell to cell.
b. transferred to its offspring.
c. transferred to another organism that is not the offspring of the first organism.
d. released into the environment.
Which of the following best describes the mechanism of action of the antibiotic streptomycin?
A. it disrupts protein synthesis in resistant bacteria.
B. Streptomycin inhibits cell wall synthesis in all bacterial species.
C. Streptomycin creates mutations in bacteria which cause them to become resistant.
D. It disrupts protein synthesis in nonresistant bacteria.
The process by which one bacterial cell transfers DNA to another is:
a.
fission
b.
gametic fusion
c.
conjugation
d.
lysis
e.
fusion
Chapter 24 Solutions
Campbell Biology in Focus (2nd Edition)
Ch. 24.1 - What hypothesis did Miller test in his classic...Ch. 24.1 - How would the appearance of protocells have...Ch. 24.1 - Prob. 3CCCh. 24.1 - Prob. 4CCCh. 24.2 - Contrast the cellular and DNA structures of...Ch. 24.2 - Distinguish between the four major modes of...Ch. 24.2 - Prob. 3CCCh. 24.2 - Prob. 4CCCh. 24.3 - Although rare on a per gene basis, new mutations...Ch. 24.3 - Distinguish between the three mechanisms by which...
Ch. 24.3 - In a rapidly changing environment, which bacterial...Ch. 24.3 - WHAT IF? If a nonpathogenic bacterium were to...Ch. 24.4 - Explain how molecular systematics and metagenomics...Ch. 24.4 - WHAT IF? What would the discovery of a bacterial...Ch. 24.5 - Explain how prokaryotes, though small, can be...Ch. 24.5 - Prob. 2CCCh. 24.5 - Prob. 3CCCh. 24.5 - Prob. 4CCCh. 24 - Which of the following steps has not yet been...Ch. 24 - Fossilized stromatolites A. more than 2.8 billion...Ch. 24 - Prob. 3TYUCh. 24 - Photoautotrophs use A. light as an energy source...Ch. 24 - Which of the following statements is not true? A....Ch. 24 - Prob. 6TYUCh. 24 - Plantlike photosynthesis that releases O2 occurs...Ch. 24 - SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY INTERPRET THE DATA The...Ch. 24 - FOCUS ON EVOLUTION In patients infected with...Ch. 24 - FOCUS ON ENERGY AND MATTER In a short essay (about...Ch. 24 - Prob. 11TYU
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- A form of genetic transfer that involves the uptake of a fragment of DNA from the environment is calleda. conjugation.b. transduction.c. transformation.d. all of the above.arrow_forwardIn prokaryotic cells, mRNA is translated as soon as it is transcribed because prokaryotes have... A. No nuclear membranes B. Fewer genes than eukaryotes C. Genes contained in plasmids D. A and Barrow_forwardThe advantage of yeast cells over bacterial cells to express human proteins is that: a. yeast cells grow faster b. yeast cells are easier to manipulate genetically c. yeast cells are eukaryotic and modify proteins similarly to human cells d. yeast cells are easily lysed to purify the proteinsarrow_forward
- Which of the following is NOT a method by which bacteria can be resistant to antibiotics? Select one: a. Utilise an alternate pathway of gene expression that is not targeted by the antibiotic. b. Alter the binding site of the antibiotic, to either prevent it binding, or remove it from the site. c. Production of enzymes that bind to and break down the specific antibiotic. d. Production of a cell membrane pump that translocates antibiotics outside the cell. A potential side effect of antibiotic use is a secondary bacterial or fungal infection, usually associated with regions like the skin, upper-respiratory tract or genitalia. What is the most likely reason for the formation of these secondary infections? Select one: a. Antibiotics do not work on viruses, so they are able to establish infections in these locations. b. Organisms that are antibiotic resistant are usually more virulent, meaning they can survive and cause infection. c. The antibiotic kills off normal flora, providing an…arrow_forwardWhich process of DNA transfer in bacteria requires a virus? a. Conjugation b. Transduction c. Transformation d. All of the abovearrow_forwardA small nonessential circular DNA molecule in prokaryotes is called a: a. plasmid b. telomere c. bacteriophage d. prophagearrow_forward
- Genetic information can be transferred horizontally from one bacterial cell to another cell of the "same generation" (versus daughter cells), leading to genetic recombination, by all of the following EXCEPT: A. Gene expression (transcription/translation/protein synthesis) B. Transformation C. Conjugation D. Transduction E. None of the other four answers (all are mechanisms of “horizontal transfer” genetic recombination)arrow_forwardPart A: Antibiotic resistance is a major health concern. Resistance to various antibiotics can be transferred by a. all options. b. transduction. c. conjugation. d. transformation. Part B: Movement of genetic information through transduction requires that a. free DNA is available in the environment. b. physical contact occurs between cells. c. transposable elements occur in a chromosome. d. viruses have infected a cell.arrow_forwardIn Hershey and Chase’s experiment investigating which biological molecule carries genetic information, they found that phage DNA with radiolabeled phosphorus was retained in bacterial cells after transduction. To conclude that DNA is the genetic material, what assumption did they have to make? A. Protein does not enter the bacterium during transduction. B. DNA does not stay in the media after transduction. C. All of the phage DNA was radiolabeled. D. Bacteria can be transduced by phage.arrow_forward
- The chromosomes of most bacteria are comprised of a. double-stranded circular molecules. b. double-stranded linear molecules. c. single-stranded circular molecules. d. single-stranded linear molecules.arrow_forwardMechanisms that make the bacterial chromosome morecompact includea. the formation of micro- and macrodomains.b. DNA supercoiling.c. crossing over.d. both a and b.arrow_forwardAn experimental drug therapy to treat patients with antibiotic-resistant bacteria involves introduction of a highly specific bacteriophage to the infected patient's bloodstream. Which of the following bacteriophage types would be the LEAST useful for this therapy? a. a lytic bacteriophage b. An enveloped virus c. An RNA virus d. a lysogenic bacteriophagearrow_forward
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Bacterial Genomics and Metagenomics; Author: Quadram Institute;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_6IdVTAFXoU;License: Standard youtube license