Principles of Anatomy and Physiology
15th Edition
ISBN: 9781119329398
Author: Gerard J Tortora, Bryan Derrickson
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons Inc
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Textbook Question
Chapter 24, Problem 36CP
What is the difference between digestion and absorption? How are the end products of carbohydrate, protein, and lipid digestion absorbed?
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1. In vivo testing provides valuable insight into a drug’s kinetics. Assessing drug kinetics following multiple different routes of administration provides greater insight than just a single route of administration alone. The following data was collected in 250 g rats following bolus iv, oral (po), and intraperitoneal (ip) administration.Using this data and set of graphs, determine:
(a) k, C0, V, and AUC* for the bolus iv data (b) k, ka, B1, and AUC* for the po data (c) k, ka, B1, and AUC* for the ip data (d) relative bioavailability for po vs ip, Fpo/Fip (e) absolute po bioavailability, (f)Fpo absolute ip bioavailability, Fip
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2. Drug quantification from plasma is commonly performed by using techniques such as HPLC or LC/MS. However, these methods do have limitations, and investigators may choose to use a radiolabeled analog of a drug instead. Radioligands are molecules that contain radioactive isotopes, commonly 3H or 14C. This technique allows investigators to quantify drug concentration from radiation measurements. The following measurements were made in 250 g rats following oral administration of 18.2 µCi of a 14C-labeled drug of interest: Time (min) Plasma Radiation Levels (µCi/L) 0 0.0 2 9.7 4 19.2 7 25.3 9 37.8 12 39.6 14 45.8 17 48.8 20 52.0 25 56.4 30 59.2 35 60.1 40 61.1 45 62.1 50 62.8 60 63.1 70 62.1 80 60.1 90 57.3 100 55.5 110 53.7 120 52.2 150 48.0 180 45.0 240 39.0
Note that a µCi is a measure of the amount of radioactivity and hence is a measure of the amount of drug present. Given that the oral bioavailability of this drug is known to be essentially 100%, estimate the following from this…
The current nutrition labelling regulation in Hong Kong requires food manufacturer to list E+7 information on the package of pre-packaged food products. Do you think that more nutrients, such as calcium and cholesterol, shall be included?
Chapter 24 Solutions
Principles of Anatomy and Physiology
Ch. 24 - Which components of the digestive system are GI...Ch. 24 - 2. Which organs of the digestive system come in...Ch. 24 - Which kinds of food molecules undergo chemical...Ch. 24 - Prob. 4CPCh. 24 - 5. Name the four layers of the gastrointestinal...Ch. 24 - Prob. 6CPCh. 24 - Prob. 7CPCh. 24 - Prob. 8CPCh. 24 - Prob. 9CPCh. 24 - Prob. 10CP
Ch. 24 - How are the major salivary glands distinguished on...Ch. 24 - Prob. 12CPCh. 24 - What functions do incisors, cuspids, premolars,...Ch. 24 - To which two organ systems does the pharynx...Ch. 24 - Prob. 15CPCh. 24 - Prob. 16CPCh. 24 - Prob. 17CPCh. 24 - Prob. 18CPCh. 24 - Prob. 19CPCh. 24 - 20. Compare the epithelium of the esophagus with...Ch. 24 - Prob. 21CPCh. 24 - Prob. 22CPCh. 24 - What are the functions of gastric lipase and...Ch. 24 - Prob. 24CPCh. 24 - Prob. 25CPCh. 24 - Prob. 26CPCh. 24 - Prob. 27CPCh. 24 - Prob. 28CPCh. 24 - Prob. 29CPCh. 24 - Prob. 30CPCh. 24 - Describe the major functions of the liver and...Ch. 24 - 32. List the regions of the small intestine and...Ch. 24 - Prob. 33CPCh. 24 - Describe the types of movement that occur in the...Ch. 24 - Prob. 35CPCh. 24 - What is the difference between digestion and...Ch. 24 - By what routes do absorbed nutrients reach the...Ch. 24 - 38. Describe the absorption of electrolytes,...Ch. 24 - What are the major regions of the large intestine?Ch. 24 - Prob. 40CPCh. 24 - 41. Describe the mechanical movements that occur...Ch. 24 - What is defecation, and how does it occur?Ch. 24 - Prob. 43CPCh. 24 - What is the purpose of the cephalic phase of...Ch. 24 - Prob. 45CPCh. 24 - 46. Outline the steps of the enterogastric...Ch. 24 - Prob. 47CPCh. 24 - Prob. 48CPCh. 24 - 49. What are the general effects of aging on the...Ch. 24 - Prob. 1CTQCh. 24 - Trey has cystic fibrosis, a genetic disorder that...Ch. 24 - Antonio had dinner at his favorite Italian...
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Human digestive system - How it works! (Animation); Author: Thomas Schwenke;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X3TAROotFfM;License: Standard Youtube License