Chapter 24, Problem 30GQ

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The amino acid is selected by mRNA codon GAA has to be predicted.

Concept introduction: DNA sequence is always synthesized in $\text{5}\text{'}$ to $\text{3}\text{'}$ direction.The rule of base pairing are: A purine base Adenine $\text{(A)}$ always pair with pyrimidine base Thymine $\text{(T)}$ and the pyrimidine base Cytosine $\text{(C)}$ always pair with purine base Guanine $\text{(G)}$. The complementary strand of mRNA synthesized in $\text{3}\text{'}$ to $\text{5}\text{'}$ direction.So, by knowing the DNA strand the complementry sequence of mRNA can be identified.

The nucelotide triplet that encodes an amino acids is called codon. Each group of three nucleotides encodes one amino acid. There are 20 amino acid present which are encoded by differnet codon. DNA sequence is always synthesized in $\text{5}\text{'}$ to $\text{3}\text{'}$ direction. The information present in DNA is transcribe into mRNA then translated by tRNA into desired sequence.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The sequence in the original DNA that led to the codon being present in the mRNA has to be predicted.

Concept introduction: DNA sequence is always synthesized in $\text{5}\text{'}$ to $\text{3}\text{'}$ direction.The rule of base pairing are: A purine base Adenine $\text{(A)}$ always pair with pyrimidine base Thymine $\text{(T)}$ and the pyrimidine base Cytosine $\text{(C)}$ always pair with purine base Guanine $\text{(G)}$. The complementary strand of mRNA synthesized in $\text{3}\text{'}$ to $\text{5}\text{'}$ direction.So, by knowing the DNA strand the complementry sequence of mRNA can be identified.

The nucelotide triplet that encodes an amino acids is called codon. Each group of three nucleotides encodes one amino acid. There are 20 amino acid present which are encoded by differnet codon. DNA sequence is always synthesized in $\text{5}\text{'}$ to $\text{3}\text{'}$ direction. The information present in DNA is transcribe into mRNA then translated by tRNA into desired sequence.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

If mutation occurs in DNA in which G is substituted for the nucleotide at the second position of this coding region in the DNA , amino acid selected by DNA has to be predicted.

Concept introduction: DNA sequence is always synthesized in $\text{5}\text{'}$ to $\text{3}\text{'}$ direction.The rule of base pairing are: A purine base Adenine $\text{(A)}$ always pair with pyrimidine base Thymine $\text{(T)}$ and the pyrimidine base Cytosine $\text{(C)}$ always pair with purine base Guanine $\text{(G)}$. The complementary strand of mRNA synthesized in $\text{3}\text{'}$ to $\text{5}\text{'}$ direction.So, by knowing the DNA strand the complementry sequence of mRNA can be identified.

The nucelotide triplet that encodes an amino acids is called codon. Each group of three nucleotides encodes one amino acid. There are 20 amino acid present which are encoded by differnet codon. DNA sequence is always synthesized in $\text{5}\text{'}$ to $\text{3}\text{'}$ direction. The information present in DNA is transcribe into mRNA then translated by tRNA into desired sequence.