Chapter 24, Problem 2WWTS

Summary Introduction

Introduction:

The inflow of sodium (Na⁺) ions in the plasma membrane through the membrane channel regulates the depolarization of nervous and muscular system and their functions. It is the main cation present in the extracellular fluid (ECF) and is associated with regulation of blood plasma osmolarity. Increased concentration of sodium raises the osmolarity of the blood. Also, it determines the level as well as distribution of total body water among several fluid compartments. Gradients of Na⁺ ions across the cell generate potential energy helps to transport other solutes. Also, it regulates body heat and pH of the ECF. Aldosterone, antidiuretic hormone, and natriuretic peptides regulate the concentration of Na⁺ in the body.