Human Anatomy & Physiology (2nd Edition)
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9780134553511
Author: Erin C. Amerman
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 24, Problem 15CYR
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Urine is the fluid formed after the kidney filtrate has undergone tubular secretion and reabsorption. It is passed from the collecting duct to the papillary duct, from where it moves to the ureters. It generally contains water as well as potassium (K), chloride, and hydrogen ions (H+). It also contains
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Chapter 24 Solutions
Human Anatomy & Physiology (2nd Edition)
Ch. 24.1 - What are the organs of the urinary system?Ch. 24.1 - 2. What are the basic functions of the kidneys?
Ch. 24.2 - Prob. 1QCCh. 24.2 - 2. What are the three regions of the kidney, and...Ch. 24.2 - Prob. 3QCCh. 24.2 - Trace the sequence of blood flow through the...Ch. 24.2 - Prob. 5QCCh. 24.2 - Prob. 6QCCh. 24.2 - Trace the pathway filtrate takes through the...Ch. 24.3 - Prob. 1QC
Ch. 24.3 - 2. How do tubular reabsorption and tubular...Ch. 24.4 - Prob. 1QCCh. 24.4 - Prob. 2QCCh. 24.4 - Prob. 3QCCh. 24.4 - 4. What is the GFR?
Ch. 24.4 - Prob. 5QCCh. 24.4 - Prob. 6QCCh. 24.4 - 7. How does tubuloglomerular feedback affect the...Ch. 24.4 - Prob. 8QCCh. 24.4 - Prob. 9QCCh. 24.4 - Prob. 10QCCh. 24.4 - How does the sympathetic nervous system affect the...Ch. 24.5 - Prob. 1QCCh. 24.5 - 2. What are the three types of transport...Ch. 24.5 - Prob. 3QCCh. 24.5 - What is obligatory water reabsorption?Ch. 24.5 - How do the permeabilities of the two limbs of the...Ch. 24.5 - Prob. 6QCCh. 24.5 - Prob. 7QCCh. 24.5 - Prob. 8QCCh. 24.6 - Prob. 1QCCh. 24.6 - Prob. 2QCCh. 24.6 - Prob. 3QCCh. 24.6 - Prob. 4QCCh. 24.6 - 5. What three factors allow the kidney to produce...Ch. 24.6 - 6. How is concentrated urine produced?
Ch. 24.8 - 1. What is the normal composition of urine?
Ch. 24.8 - Prob. 2QCCh. 24.8 - 3. What is renal clearance, and what is it used...Ch. 24.9 - Prob. 1QCCh. 24.9 - 2. What are the functions of the ureters and...Ch. 24.9 - Prob. 3QCCh. 24.9 - Prob. 4QCCh. 24.9 - Prob. 5QCCh. 24 - What are the four main organs of the urinary...Ch. 24 - 2. Which of the following is not a physiological...Ch. 24 - Mark the following statements as true or false. If...Ch. 24 - Prob. 4CYRCh. 24 - Prob. 5CYRCh. 24 - Which of the following substances would pass...Ch. 24 - Mark the following statements as true or false. If...Ch. 24 - Fill in the blanks for the following statements:...Ch. 24 - Which of the following is false about the GFR? a....Ch. 24 - The route by which substances are reabsorbed by...Ch. 24 - 11. Fill in the blanks: Glomerular hydrostatic...Ch. 24 - Dilute urine is produced when decreased levels of...Ch. 24 - Prob. 13CYRCh. 24 - Prob. 14CYRCh. 24 - Prob. 15CYRCh. 24 - 16. The GFR may be estimated by measuring the rate...Ch. 24 - Prob. 17CYRCh. 24 - Prob. 1CYUCh. 24 - Prob. 2CYUCh. 24 - Prob. 3CYUCh. 24 - Why must the kidneys establish a concentration...Ch. 24 - 1. Drugs that treat hypertension, or high blood...Ch. 24 - Prob. 2AYKACh. 24 - 3. Deana is a 4-year-old girl with a rare genetic...Ch. 24 - 4. Explain how each of the drugs in question 1...Ch. 24 - 5. What might it mean if you found a high...
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- Which if the following is true? A. Urine is acidic B. Urine is slightly aromatic C. Urine sample with specific gravity of 1.015 is normal D. All of the above E. None of the abovearrow_forwardAnswer the following: 1. Macroscopic Analysis (looking at urine with the unaided eye) a. Why is urine yellow in color? 2. Specific gravity a. What does specific gravity measure? b. List four conditions that would increase specific gravity. c. List four conditions that would decrease specific gravity. d. What is the range of normal values for a 24-hour sample of urine? e. What is the range of normal values for a random sample of urine? 3. Rapid screening tests a. Which rapid screening tests listed in this website were done with the dipstick in our lab? b. Miscellaneous questions What is the large range of pH that urine can have What are some causes of an alkaline pH in urine? Where in the nephrons is urine acidified? 4. Microscopic Analysis: all the following information will be in Power Point slides). a. What things are found in normal urine, that is urine taken from healthy individuals? b. What are hematuria, pyuria, lipiduria, and albuminuria? What conditions might each one indicate?…arrow_forwardA urinalysis is a test that examines physical, chemical and microscopic aspects of urine. Examining urinary fluid can reveal much about the functioning of the body, as changes from the normal characteristics or appearance may reflect specific diseases. Currently, commercially-available chemical reagent sticks can be used to detect substances in urine. Of the following, which are substances that reagent sticks can test for? a. Substances produced by the body, and naturally found in urine. b. Substances produced by the body, but not usually present in urine. c. Substances not normally found in the body. d. a. and c. only e. a., b., and c.arrow_forward
- Which of the following results signify abnormal urine test result: Presence of protein molecules in the urine The normal specific gravity is between 1.025 - 1.085 A product of breakdown of fatty acids are normally present in urine pH: 6 a. 1,2 and 4 are correct b. all are correct c. 1,3 and 4 are correct d. 4 is correctarrow_forwardWhich urines are: (a) acidic? (b) basic? Which specific gravity value is the most concentrated? Urine: ____________arrow_forwardA patient with a urine pH of 4.5, a blood pH of 7.3 and a PCO2 of 32 mmHg. Identify the acid base imbalance with its compensation. A. respiratory acidosis with metabolic alkalosis B. metabolic alkalosis with respiratory acidosis C. respiratory alkalosis with metabolic acidosis D. metabolic acidosis with respiratory alkalosisarrow_forward
- Why must a 24-hour period sample of urine be used for examination if a detailed composition is to be determined? (Need a detailed explanation of the concept behind.)arrow_forwardWhich of the following substance indicates renal pathology if present in urine even in small quantities? A. Creatinine B. Glucose C. Urea D. Sodiumarrow_forwardDiabetes can cause a decrease in the specific gravity of urine. If normal urine has a specific gravity between 1.002 and 1.030, and a sample has a density of 1.008 oz/liq. oz., how does the sample compare to normal urine?arrow_forward
- 1.What kinds of conditions or situations lead your body (and urine) to have a low pH? List 3. 2. What is normal for pH in the urine? Is it a very specific value or a broad range of values? Leukocytes (White Blood Cells) 3. Are white blood cells large or small? Should they be filtered into the filtrate at the glomerulus? 4.If there are white blood cells in your urine, where are they most likely coming from? 5.What does it usually mean when there are white blood cells in your urine? Nitrites 6. Nitrates are normal in your urine, but _______ are not. 7. What kinds of bacteria convert nitrates to nitrites? 8 Why is it helpful for a physician to know that nitrites are in the urine? They might prescribe a certain type of _________ that is known to be effective against what kinds of bacteria: _______ Blood (Red Blood Cells) 9. Are red blood cells large or small? Should they be filtered into the filtrate at the glomerulus? 10. Should…arrow_forwardPotassium Sodium Identify the substances that are considered to be normal components of urine: Ketones Uric acid Urea Water Blood Glucose Ammonium x₂ Creatinine Microsoft Office Ho... Express VPNarrow_forwardSodium and chloride are the predominant electrolytes in the extracellular fluid. A. True B. Falsearrow_forward
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