What is Life? A Guide to Biology with Physiology
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9781464157745
Author: Jay Phelan
Publisher: W. H. Freeman
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Chapter 24, Problem 14MC
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
The reproductive activities of male songbirds–activities such as courting mates and securing their territory–are affected by testosterone.
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Chimpanzee males have large testes for their body size. One widely accepted theory proposed to explain this feature is that it is …
A. a form of male dominance display.
B. a response to the large estrus swelling in females.
C. necessary because chimpanzee females have low fertility.
D. a consequence of sperm competition.
E. attractive to female chimpanzees.
Which of the following is NOT likely to be a result of a skewed operational sex ratio?
A. A goby fish cannibalizing some of its own eggs.
B. The extended head of a stalk-eyed fly.
C. Female seahorses fighting over egg space in a male’s pouch.
D. Male bighorn sheep butting heads.
Which of these situations offers the lowest “opportunity for selection” for males?
A. Females choose mates with a fancy ornament.
B. Every female chooses one male to mate with for life.
C. Locations that females need access to in order to reproduce are rare.
D. Males fight each other for access to groups of females.
Chapter 24 Solutions
What is Life? A Guide to Biology with Physiology
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- In Biology of Beauty, Cowley found that contemporaryfemales are attracted to males with broad foreheads and strong chins, and that this effect persisted across different cultures. How did Cowley explain this result? A. This is a trick question- this attraction is culturally relative B. Males compete for access to females by developing these features as a form of male-male competition C. There is no evidence that females really are differentially attracted to males with these features D. Attraction to males with these features is adaptive for females because males with these traits are usually sexually mature and have healthy immune systems E. Only some human cultures value these traits as attractive.arrow_forwardIn seahorses, males incubate and care for offspring. Thus, the males are more likely to be tied up in reproduction at any point in time relative to females. Which sex do you predict will be the choosey sex in this species and why? Males -- because fewer are available to mate Males – because male-male competition is incredibly strong Females – because sperm are cheap to produce Female – because the operational sex ratio is biased in their favor The sperm of chimpanzees have faster swimming speeds than those of gorillas. Based on what you know about sperm competition, what would you predict about differences between these two species in female re-mating frequency and sperm viability? In chimps, females mate only once and sperm are viable for only a day In chimps, females mate multiply and sperm live for a long time In chimps, females mate only one, and sperm live for a long time In chimps, females mate multiply, and sperm live for only a day Which of the following sexual traits is…arrow_forwardAs discussed in the introduction to this chapter, sex in bearded dragons is determined by both sex chromosomes and temperature. What, if any, would be the effect of unusually cool temperatures during the breeding season on the sex ratio of bearded lizards? What would be the effect of unusually warm temperatures on the sex ratio?arrow_forward
- In seahorses, males incubate and care for offspring. Thus, the males are more likely to be tied up in reproduction at any point in time relative to females. Which sex do you predict will be the choosey sex in this species and why? Males -- because fewer are available to mate Males – because male-male competition is incredibly strong Females – because sperm are cheap to produce Female – because the operational sex ratio is biased in their favorarrow_forwardIf you add a chemical to an egg cell that prevents the fast and slow blocks from occurring but does not prevent the receptor proteins from interacting with sperm recognition proteins, which of the following will happen Group of answer choices A. All sperm would be able to enter the egg b. No sperm would be able to enter the egg c. Polyspermy by the same species would be possible but sperm of different species would be blocked d. Only sperm from different species would be able to enter the eggarrow_forwardHormones are often used to control the development and metabolism of agriculturally important organisms. These hormones often end up in the external environment (water or soil). Based on your knowledge of hormonal action which of the following is a likely developmental effect of hormones in the environment on organisms in that environment? Group of answer choices A. Failure to form body axes B. Shortening of limbs C. Changes in the time to reach sexual maturity D. Changes one species into another E. Elongation of limbsarrow_forward
- Parasites are often microscopic in size but have large negative effects on their hosts. If this is true for the parasites of songbirds, what predictions follow about their effects on male song performance, and how should females respond to the song of infected males as opposed to uninfected individuals (Garamszegi 2005)? (Don't use any online source)arrow_forwardWhich of the following changes are most likely to occur in a male songbird that has a mutation in the cells in its anterior pituitary gland such that FSH and LH are produced at 1% of normal levels? increased courtship displays to attract females decreased GnRH production increased testosterone production decreased frequency of "singing" to attract females Submit Request Answerarrow_forwardThenumber of eggs laid by a female is called her:a.fertility.b.gonadosomatic index.c.growth form.d.rotundity.e.fecundity.arrow_forward
- In an experiment in which resource allocation was studied in ovariectomized and sham-operated brown anoles, results showed that - A. Females which laid fewer eggs per clutch had lower rates of survival. B. Allocation to reproduction enhanced the growth and survival of the brown anoles. C. The females which laid eggs more eggs had higher survival rates. D. The females which did not lay eggs showed higher growth and survival rates.arrow_forwardThe presence of a wattle and comb in a rooster is a result of: A. Ongoing presence of hormones in the rooster B. Previous presence of hormones during pubertal development C. Both previous and ongoing presence of hormones.arrow_forwardA male and female gibbon that are similar in size likely demonstrate the lack of sexual dimorphism… A : due to the polygamous social structure in gibbons. B : as the result of unequal access to resources within their environment. C : which is not related to social structure in gibbons. D : due to adaptations related to Allen’s rule. E : due to decreased competition for mates in a monogamous social structure.arrow_forward
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