Introduction To General, Organic, And Biochemistry
12th Edition
ISBN: 9781337571357
Author: Frederick A. Bettelheim, William H. Brown, Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Omar Torres
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Textbook Question
Chapter 24, Problem 106P
-114 How could life have evolved if DNA leads to
RNA which leads to protein, but it takes many
proteins to replicate DNA and to transcribe DNA
into RNA?
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Students have asked these similar questions
5. A solution of sucrose is fermented in a vessel until the evolution of CO2 ceases. Then, the
product solution is analyzed and found to contain, 45% ethanol; 5% acetic acid; and 15%
glycerin by weight.
If the original charge is 500 kg, evaluate;
e. The ratio of sucrose to water in the original charge (wt/wt).
f. Moles of CO2 evolved.
g. Maximum possible amount of ethanol that could be formed.
h. Conversion efficiency.
i. Per cent excess of excess reactant.
Reactions:
Inversion reaction: C12H22O11 + H2O →2C6H12O6
Fermentation reaction: C6H12O6 →→2C2H5OH + 2CO2
Formation of acetic acid and glycerin: C6H12O6 + C2H5OH + H₂O→ CH3COOH + 2C3H8O3
Show work. don't give Ai generated solution. How many carbons and hydrogens are in the structure?
13. (11pts total) Consider the arrows pointing at three different carbon-carbon bonds in the
molecule depicted below.
Bond B
2°C. +2°C. cleavage
Bond A
•CH3 + 26.← Cleavage
2°C. +
Bond C
+3°C•
CH3 2C
Cleavage
E
2°C. 26.
weakest bond
Intact molecule
Strongest 3°C 20.
Gund
Largest
argest
a. (2pts) Which bond between A-C is weakest? Which is strongest? Place answers in
appropriate boxes.
C
Weakest
bond
A
Produces
Most
Bond
Strongest
Bond
Strongest Gund
produces least stable
radicals
Weakest
Stable radical
b. (4pts) Consider the relative stability of all cleavage products that form when bonds A,
B, AND C are homolytically cleaved/broken. Hint: cleavage products of bonds A, B,
and C are all carbon radicals.
i. Which ONE cleavage product is the most stable? A condensed or bond line
representation is fine.
13°C. formed in
bound C
cleavage
ii. Which ONE cleavage product is the least stable? A condensed or bond line
representation is fine.
• CH3
methyl radical
Formed in Gund A Cleavage
c.…
Chapter 24 Solutions
Introduction To General, Organic, And Biochemistry
Ch. 24.2 - Problem 25-1 Draw the structure of UMP.Ch. 24.3 - Prob. 24.2QCCh. 24.3 - Prob. 24.3QCCh. 24.4 - Prob. 24.4QCCh. 24.5 - Prob. 24.5QCCh. 24.6 - Prob. 24.6QCCh. 24.7 - Prob. 24.7QCCh. 24.8 - Prob. 24.8QCCh. 24 - Prob. 1PCh. 24 - 25-2 What structures Of the cell, visible in a...
Ch. 24 - 25-3 Name one hereditary disease.Ch. 24 - 25-4 What is the basis unit of heredity?Ch. 24 - 25-5 (a) Where in a cell is the DNA located? (b)...Ch. 24 - 25-6 What are the components of (a) a nucleotide...Ch. 24 - 25-7 What are the differences between DNA and RNA?Ch. 24 - 25-8 Draw the structures of ADP and GDP. Are these...Ch. 24 - Prob. 9PCh. 24 - 25-10 Which DNA and RNA bases contain a carbonyl...Ch. 24 - Prob. 11PCh. 24 - Prob. 12PCh. 24 - Prob. 13PCh. 24 - Prob. 14PCh. 24 - Prob. 15PCh. 24 - Prob. 16PCh. 24 - Prob. 17PCh. 24 - 25-18 What type of bond connects the base to the...Ch. 24 - Prob. 19PCh. 24 - 25-20 What constitutes the backbone of DNA?Ch. 24 - Prob. 21PCh. 24 - 25-22 In DNA, which carbon atoms of...Ch. 24 - 25-23 The sequence Of a short DNA segment is...Ch. 24 - Prob. 24PCh. 24 - Prob. 25PCh. 24 - Prob. 26PCh. 24 - Prob. 27PCh. 24 - Prob. 28PCh. 24 - 25-29 What constitutes the superstructure of...Ch. 24 - 25-30 What is the primary structure of DNA?Ch. 24 - 25-31 What is the secondary structure of DNA?Ch. 24 - 25-32 What is the major groove of a DNA helix?Ch. 24 - 25-33 What are the higher-order structures of DNA...Ch. 24 - 25-34 Which type Of RNA has enzyme activity? Where...Ch. 24 - 25-35 Which has the longest chains: tRNA, mRNA, or...Ch. 24 - 25-36 Which type of RNA contains modified...Ch. 24 - 25-37 Which type Of RNA has a sequence exactly...Ch. 24 - 25-38 Where is rRNA located in the cell?Ch. 24 - Prob. 39PCh. 24 - Prob. 40PCh. 24 - Prob. 41PCh. 24 - Prob. 42PCh. 24 - Prob. 43PCh. 24 - 25-50 Define: (a) Intron (b) ExonCh. 24 - 25-51 Does mRNA also have introns and exons?...Ch. 24 - Prob. 46PCh. 24 - Prob. 47PCh. 24 - 25-54 Do all genes code for a protein? If not,...Ch. 24 - Prob. 49PCh. 24 - Prob. 50PCh. 24 - Prob. 51PCh. 24 - Prob. 52PCh. 24 - Prob. 53PCh. 24 - Prob. 54PCh. 24 - Prob. 55PCh. 24 - Prob. 56PCh. 24 - 25-55 A DNA molecule normally replicates itself...Ch. 24 - 25-56 Which functional groups on the bases form...Ch. 24 - Prob. 59PCh. 24 - 25-58 Draw the structures of cytosine and guanine...Ch. 24 - 25-59 How many different bases are present in a...Ch. 24 - Prob. 62PCh. 24 - 25-61 Why is replication called semiconservative?Ch. 24 - 25-62 How does the removal of some positive...Ch. 24 - 25-63 Write the chemical reaction for the...Ch. 24 - Prob. 66PCh. 24 - 25-65 What are helicases? What is their function?Ch. 24 - 25-66 Can dATP Serve as a source for a primer?Ch. 24 - Prob. 69PCh. 24 - Prob. 70PCh. 24 - 25-69 In which direction is the DNA molecule...Ch. 24 - Prob. 72PCh. 24 - Prob. 73PCh. 24 - Prob. 74PCh. 24 - 25-73 From the perspective of the chain being...Ch. 24 - Prob. 76PCh. 24 - Prob. 77PCh. 24 - Prob. 78PCh. 24 - Prob. 79PCh. 24 - Prob. 80PCh. 24 - Prob. 81PCh. 24 - Prob. 82PCh. 24 - Prob. 83PCh. 24 - Prob. 84PCh. 24 - Prob. 85PCh. 24 - Prob. 86PCh. 24 - Prob. 87PCh. 24 - Prob. 88PCh. 24 - Prob. 89PCh. 24 - Prob. 90PCh. 24 - Prob. 91PCh. 24 - Prob. 92PCh. 24 - Prob. 93PCh. 24 - (Chemical Connections 24E) What gene associated...Ch. 24 - Prob. 95PCh. 24 - -104 Why is it important that a DNA molecule be...Ch. 24 - Prob. 97PCh. 24 - Prob. 98PCh. 24 - Prob. 99PCh. 24 - Prob. 100PCh. 24 - -109 In sheep DNA, the mol% of adenine (A) was...Ch. 24 - Prob. 102PCh. 24 - Prob. 103PCh. 24 - Prob. 104PCh. 24 - Prob. 105PCh. 24 - -114 How could life have evolved if DNA leads to...Ch. 24 - Prob. 107PCh. 24 - Prob. 108PCh. 24 - Prob. 109P
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- Hi!! Please provide a solution that is handwritten. Ensure all figures, reaction mechanisms (with arrows and lone pairs please!!), and structures are clearly drawn to illustrate the synthesis of the product as per the standards of a third year organic chemistry course. ****the solution must include all steps, mechanisms, and intermediate structures as required. Please hand-draw the mechanisms and structures to support your explanation. Don’t give me AI-generated diagrams or text-based explanations, no wordy explanations on how to draw the structures I need help with the exact mechanism hand drawn by you!!! I am reposting this—ensure all parts of the question are straightforward and clear or please let another expert handle it thanks!!arrow_forwardHi!! Please provide a solution that is handwritten. Ensure all figures, reaction mechanisms (with arrows and lone pairs please!!), and structures are clearly drawn to illustrate the synthesis of the product as per the standards of a third year organic chemistry course. ****the solution must include all steps, mechanisms, and intermediate structures as required. Please hand-draw the mechanisms and structures to support your explanation. Don’t give me AI-generated diagrams or text-based explanations, no wordy explanations on how to draw the structures I need help with the exact mechanism hand drawn by you!!! I am reposting this—ensure all parts of the question are straightforward and clear or please let another expert handle it thanks!!arrow_forward. (11pts total) Consider the arrows pointing at three different carbon-carbon bonds in the molecule depicted below. Bond B 2°C. +2°C. < cleavage Bond A • CH3 + 26. t cleavage 2°C• +3°C• Bond C Cleavage CH3 ZC '2°C. 26. E Strongest 3°C. 2C. Gund Largest BDE weakest bond In that molecule a. (2pts) Which bond between A-C is weakest? Which is strongest? Place answers in appropriate boxes. Weakest C bond Produces A Weakest Bond Most Strongest Bond Stable radical Strongest Gund produces least stable radicals b. (4pts) Consider the relative stability of all cleavage products that form when bonds A, B, AND C are homolytically cleaved/broken. Hint: cleavage products of bonds A, B, and C are all carbon radicals. i. Which ONE cleavage product is the most stable? A condensed or bond line representation is fine. 人 8°C. formed in bound C cleavage ii. Which ONE cleavage product is the least stable? A condensed or bond line representation is fine. methyl radical •CH3 formed in bund A Cleavagearrow_forward
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