a) Interpretation: The structure of the aldehydes or ketones that should be used as a starting material to synthesize the compound given in an aldol reaction is to be shown. Concept introduction: Aldehydes and ketones with α-hydrogen undergo a base catalyzed carbonyl condensation reaction in aldol condensation. In this reaction two molecules of the reactant combine by forming a bond between α-carbon of one molecule and the carbonyl carbon within the same molecule or of the second molecule to give an aldol. The aldol dehydrates on heating to yield α, β-unsaturated aldehyde or ketone. To show: The structure of the aldehydes or ketones that should be used as a starting material to synthesize the compound given in an aldol reaction.

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Answer 1

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 23.SE, Problem 49AP

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

The structure of the aldehydes or ketones that should be used as a starting material to synthesize the compound given in an aldol reaction is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Aldehydes and ketones with α-hydrogen undergo a base catalyzed carbonyl condensation reaction in aldol condensation. In this reaction two molecules of the reactant combine by forming a bond between α-carbon of one molecule and the carbonyl carbon within the same molecule or of the second molecule to give an aldol. The aldol dehydrates on heating to yield α, β-unsaturated aldehyde or ketone.

To show:

The structure of the aldehydes or ketones that should be used as a starting material to synthesize the compound given in an aldol reaction.

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

The structure of the aldehydes or ketones that should be used as a starting material to synthesize the compound given in an aldol reaction is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Aldehydes and ketones with α-hydrogen undergo a base catalyzed carbonyl condensation reaction in aldol condensation. In this reaction two molecules of the reactant combine by forming a bond between α-carbon of one molecule and the carbonyl carbon within the same molecule or of the second molecule to give an aldol. The aldol dehydrates on heating to yield α, β-unsaturated aldehyde or ketone.

To show:

The structure of the aldehydes or ketones that should be used as a starting material to synthesize the compound given in an aldol reaction.

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

The structure of the aldehydes or ketones that should be used as a starting material to synthesize the compound given in an aldol reaction is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Aldehydes and ketones with α-hydrogen undergo a base catalyzed carbonyl condensation reaction in aldol condensation. In this reaction two molecules of the reactant combine by forming a bond between α-carbon of one molecule and the carbonyl carbon within the same molecule or of the second molecule to give an aldol. The aldol dehydrates on heating to yield α, β-unsaturated aldehyde or ketone.

To show:

The structure of the aldehyde that should be used as a starting material to synthesize the compound given in an aldol reaction.

Interpretation Introduction

d)

Interpretation:

The structure of the aldehydes or ketones that should be used as a starting material to synthesize the compound given in an aldol reaction is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Mixed aldol condensation leads to a single product if i)one of the carbonyl partners contains no α hydrogen atoms but contains an unhindered carbonyl group and ii) if one of the carbonyl partners are much more acidic than the other and thus forms an enolate anion in preference to other.

To show:

The structure of the aldehydes or ketones that should be used as a starting material to synthesize the compound given in an aldol reaction.

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Using the graphs could you help me explain the answers. I assumed that both graphs are proportional to the inverse of time, I think. Could you please help me.

Synthesis of Dibenzalacetone [References] Draw structures for the carbonyl electrophile and enolate nucleophile that react to give the enone below. Question 1 1 pt Question 2 1 pt Question 3 1 pt H Question 4 1 pt Question 5 1 pt Question 6 1 pt Question 7 1pt Question 8 1 pt Progress: 7/8 items Que Feb 24 at You do not have to consider stereochemistry. . Draw the enolate ion in its carbanion form. • Draw one structure per sketcher. Add additional sketchers using the drop-down menu in the bottom right corner. ⚫ Separate multiple reactants using the + sign from the drop-down menu. ? 4

Shown below is the mechanism presented for the formation of biasplatin in reference 1 from the Background and Experiment document. The amounts used of each reactant are shown. Either draw or describe a better alternative to this mechanism. (Note that the first step represents two steps combined and the proton loss is not even shown; fixing these is not the desired improvement.) (Hints: The first step is correct, the second step is not; and the amount of the anhydride is in large excess to serve a purpose.)

Answer 2

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Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 23.SE, Problem 49AP

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

The structure of the aldehydes or ketones that should be used as a starting material to synthesize the compound given in an aldol reaction is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Aldehydes and ketones with α-hydrogen undergo a base catalyzed carbonyl condensation reaction in aldol condensation. In this reaction two molecules of the reactant combine by forming a bond between α-carbon of one molecule and the carbonyl carbon within the same molecule or of the second molecule to give an aldol. The aldol dehydrates on heating to yield α, β-unsaturated aldehyde or ketone.

To show:

The structure of the aldehydes or ketones that should be used as a starting material to synthesize the compound given in an aldol reaction.

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

The structure of the aldehydes or ketones that should be used as a starting material to synthesize the compound given in an aldol reaction is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Aldehydes and ketones with α-hydrogen undergo a base catalyzed carbonyl condensation reaction in aldol condensation. In this reaction two molecules of the reactant combine by forming a bond between α-carbon of one molecule and the carbonyl carbon within the same molecule or of the second molecule to give an aldol. The aldol dehydrates on heating to yield α, β-unsaturated aldehyde or ketone.

To show:

The structure of the aldehydes or ketones that should be used as a starting material to synthesize the compound given in an aldol reaction.

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

The structure of the aldehydes or ketones that should be used as a starting material to synthesize the compound given in an aldol reaction is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Aldehydes and ketones with α-hydrogen undergo a base catalyzed carbonyl condensation reaction in aldol condensation. In this reaction two molecules of the reactant combine by forming a bond between α-carbon of one molecule and the carbonyl carbon within the same molecule or of the second molecule to give an aldol. The aldol dehydrates on heating to yield α, β-unsaturated aldehyde or ketone.

To show:

The structure of the aldehyde that should be used as a starting material to synthesize the compound given in an aldol reaction.

Interpretation Introduction

d)

Interpretation:

The structure of the aldehydes or ketones that should be used as a starting material to synthesize the compound given in an aldol reaction is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Mixed aldol condensation leads to a single product if i)one of the carbonyl partners contains no α hydrogen atoms but contains an unhindered carbonyl group and ii) if one of the carbonyl partners are much more acidic than the other and thus forms an enolate anion in preference to other.

To show:

The structure of the aldehydes or ketones that should be used as a starting material to synthesize the compound given in an aldol reaction.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Answer 3

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 23.SE, Problem 49AP

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

The structure of the aldehydes or ketones that should be used as a starting material to synthesize the compound given in an aldol reaction is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Aldehydes and ketones with α-hydrogen undergo a base catalyzed carbonyl condensation reaction in aldol condensation. In this reaction two molecules of the reactant combine by forming a bond between α-carbon of one molecule and the carbonyl carbon within the same molecule or of the second molecule to give an aldol. The aldol dehydrates on heating to yield α, β-unsaturated aldehyde or ketone.

To show:

The structure of the aldehydes or ketones that should be used as a starting material to synthesize the compound given in an aldol reaction.

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

The structure of the aldehydes or ketones that should be used as a starting material to synthesize the compound given in an aldol reaction is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Aldehydes and ketones with α-hydrogen undergo a base catalyzed carbonyl condensation reaction in aldol condensation. In this reaction two molecules of the reactant combine by forming a bond between α-carbon of one molecule and the carbonyl carbon within the same molecule or of the second molecule to give an aldol. The aldol dehydrates on heating to yield α, β-unsaturated aldehyde or ketone.

To show:

The structure of the aldehydes or ketones that should be used as a starting material to synthesize the compound given in an aldol reaction.

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

The structure of the aldehydes or ketones that should be used as a starting material to synthesize the compound given in an aldol reaction is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Aldehydes and ketones with α-hydrogen undergo a base catalyzed carbonyl condensation reaction in aldol condensation. In this reaction two molecules of the reactant combine by forming a bond between α-carbon of one molecule and the carbonyl carbon within the same molecule or of the second molecule to give an aldol. The aldol dehydrates on heating to yield α, β-unsaturated aldehyde or ketone.

To show:

The structure of the aldehyde that should be used as a starting material to synthesize the compound given in an aldol reaction.

Interpretation Introduction

d)

Interpretation:

The structure of the aldehydes or ketones that should be used as a starting material to synthesize the compound given in an aldol reaction is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Mixed aldol condensation leads to a single product if i)one of the carbonyl partners contains no α hydrogen atoms but contains an unhindered carbonyl group and ii) if one of the carbonyl partners are much more acidic than the other and thus forms an enolate anion in preference to other.

To show:

The structure of the aldehydes or ketones that should be used as a starting material to synthesize the compound given in an aldol reaction.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Answer 4

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 23.SE, Problem 49AP

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

The structure of the aldehydes or ketones that should be used as a starting material to synthesize the compound given in an aldol reaction is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Aldehydes and ketones with α-hydrogen undergo a base catalyzed carbonyl condensation reaction in aldol condensation. In this reaction two molecules of the reactant combine by forming a bond between α-carbon of one molecule and the carbonyl carbon within the same molecule or of the second molecule to give an aldol. The aldol dehydrates on heating to yield α, β-unsaturated aldehyde or ketone.

To show:

The structure of the aldehydes or ketones that should be used as a starting material to synthesize the compound given in an aldol reaction.

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

The structure of the aldehydes or ketones that should be used as a starting material to synthesize the compound given in an aldol reaction is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Aldehydes and ketones with α-hydrogen undergo a base catalyzed carbonyl condensation reaction in aldol condensation. In this reaction two molecules of the reactant combine by forming a bond between α-carbon of one molecule and the carbonyl carbon within the same molecule or of the second molecule to give an aldol. The aldol dehydrates on heating to yield α, β-unsaturated aldehyde or ketone.

To show:

The structure of the aldehydes or ketones that should be used as a starting material to synthesize the compound given in an aldol reaction.

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

The structure of the aldehydes or ketones that should be used as a starting material to synthesize the compound given in an aldol reaction is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Aldehydes and ketones with α-hydrogen undergo a base catalyzed carbonyl condensation reaction in aldol condensation. In this reaction two molecules of the reactant combine by forming a bond between α-carbon of one molecule and the carbonyl carbon within the same molecule or of the second molecule to give an aldol. The aldol dehydrates on heating to yield α, β-unsaturated aldehyde or ketone.

To show:

The structure of the aldehyde that should be used as a starting material to synthesize the compound given in an aldol reaction.

Interpretation Introduction

d)

Interpretation:

The structure of the aldehydes or ketones that should be used as a starting material to synthesize the compound given in an aldol reaction is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Mixed aldol condensation leads to a single product if i)one of the carbonyl partners contains no α hydrogen atoms but contains an unhindered carbonyl group and ii) if one of the carbonyl partners are much more acidic than the other and thus forms an enolate anion in preference to other.

To show:

The structure of the aldehydes or ketones that should be used as a starting material to synthesize the compound given in an aldol reaction.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Answer 5

Chapter 23.SE, Problem 49AP

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

The structure of the aldehydes or ketones that should be used as a starting material to synthesize the compound given in an aldol reaction is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Aldehydes and ketones with α-hydrogen undergo a base catalyzed carbonyl condensation reaction in aldol condensation. In this reaction two molecules of the reactant combine by forming a bond between α-carbon of one molecule and the carbonyl carbon within the same molecule or of the second molecule to give an aldol. The aldol dehydrates on heating to yield α, β-unsaturated aldehyde or ketone.

To show:

The structure of the aldehydes or ketones that should be used as a starting material to synthesize the compound given in an aldol reaction.

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

The structure of the aldehydes or ketones that should be used as a starting material to synthesize the compound given in an aldol reaction is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Aldehydes and ketones with α-hydrogen undergo a base catalyzed carbonyl condensation reaction in aldol condensation. In this reaction two molecules of the reactant combine by forming a bond between α-carbon of one molecule and the carbonyl carbon within the same molecule or of the second molecule to give an aldol. The aldol dehydrates on heating to yield α, β-unsaturated aldehyde or ketone.

To show:

The structure of the aldehydes or ketones that should be used as a starting material to synthesize the compound given in an aldol reaction.

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

The structure of the aldehydes or ketones that should be used as a starting material to synthesize the compound given in an aldol reaction is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Aldehydes and ketones with α-hydrogen undergo a base catalyzed carbonyl condensation reaction in aldol condensation. In this reaction two molecules of the reactant combine by forming a bond between α-carbon of one molecule and the carbonyl carbon within the same molecule or of the second molecule to give an aldol. The aldol dehydrates on heating to yield α, β-unsaturated aldehyde or ketone.

To show:

The structure of the aldehyde that should be used as a starting material to synthesize the compound given in an aldol reaction.

Interpretation Introduction

d)

Interpretation:

The structure of the aldehydes or ketones that should be used as a starting material to synthesize the compound given in an aldol reaction is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Mixed aldol condensation leads to a single product if i)one of the carbonyl partners contains no α hydrogen atoms but contains an unhindered carbonyl group and ii) if one of the carbonyl partners are much more acidic than the other and thus forms an enolate anion in preference to other.

To show:

The structure of the aldehydes or ketones that should be used as a starting material to synthesize the compound given in an aldol reaction.

Answer 6

Chapter 23.SE, Problem 49AP

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

The structure of the aldehydes or ketones that should be used as a starting material to synthesize the compound given in an aldol reaction is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Aldehydes and ketones with α-hydrogen undergo a base catalyzed carbonyl condensation reaction in aldol condensation. In this reaction two molecules of the reactant combine by forming a bond between α-carbon of one molecule and the carbonyl carbon within the same molecule or of the second molecule to give an aldol. The aldol dehydrates on heating to yield α, β-unsaturated aldehyde or ketone.

To show:

The structure of the aldehydes or ketones that should be used as a starting material to synthesize the compound given in an aldol reaction.

Answer 7

Chapter 23.SE, Problem 49AP

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

The structure of the aldehydes or ketones that should be used as a starting material to synthesize the compound given in an aldol reaction is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Aldehydes and ketones with α-hydrogen undergo a base catalyzed carbonyl condensation reaction in aldol condensation. In this reaction two molecules of the reactant combine by forming a bond between α-carbon of one molecule and the carbonyl carbon within the same molecule or of the second molecule to give an aldol. The aldol dehydrates on heating to yield α, β-unsaturated aldehyde or ketone.

To show:

The structure of the aldehydes or ketones that should be used as a starting material to synthesize the compound given in an aldol reaction.

Answer 8

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

The structure of the aldehydes or ketones that should be used as a starting material to synthesize the compound given in an aldol reaction is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Aldehydes and ketones with α-hydrogen undergo a base catalyzed carbonyl condensation reaction in aldol condensation. In this reaction two molecules of the reactant combine by forming a bond between α-carbon of one molecule and the carbonyl carbon within the same molecule or of the second molecule to give an aldol. The aldol dehydrates on heating to yield α, β-unsaturated aldehyde or ketone.

To show:

The structure of the aldehydes or ketones that should be used as a starting material to synthesize the compound given in an aldol reaction.

Answer 9

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

The structure of the aldehydes or ketones that should be used as a starting material to synthesize the compound given in an aldol reaction is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Aldehydes and ketones with α-hydrogen undergo a base catalyzed carbonyl condensation reaction in aldol condensation. In this reaction two molecules of the reactant combine by forming a bond between α-carbon of one molecule and the carbonyl carbon within the same molecule or of the second molecule to give an aldol. The aldol dehydrates on heating to yield α, β-unsaturated aldehyde or ketone.

To show:

The structure of the aldehydes or ketones that should be used as a starting material to synthesize the compound given in an aldol reaction.

Answer 10

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

The structure of the aldehydes or ketones that should be used as a starting material to synthesize the compound given in an aldol reaction is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Aldehydes and ketones with α-hydrogen undergo a base catalyzed carbonyl condensation reaction in aldol condensation. In this reaction two molecules of the reactant combine by forming a bond between α-carbon of one molecule and the carbonyl carbon within the same molecule or of the second molecule to give an aldol. The aldol dehydrates on heating to yield α, β-unsaturated aldehyde or ketone.

To show:

The structure of the aldehyde that should be used as a starting material to synthesize the compound given in an aldol reaction.

Answer 11

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

The structure of the aldehydes or ketones that should be used as a starting material to synthesize the compound given in an aldol reaction is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Aldehydes and ketones with α-hydrogen undergo a base catalyzed carbonyl condensation reaction in aldol condensation. In this reaction two molecules of the reactant combine by forming a bond between α-carbon of one molecule and the carbonyl carbon within the same molecule or of the second molecule to give an aldol. The aldol dehydrates on heating to yield α, β-unsaturated aldehyde or ketone.

To show:

The structure of the aldehyde that should be used as a starting material to synthesize the compound given in an aldol reaction.

Answer 12

Interpretation Introduction

d)

Interpretation:

The structure of the aldehydes or ketones that should be used as a starting material to synthesize the compound given in an aldol reaction is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Mixed aldol condensation leads to a single product if i)one of the carbonyl partners contains no α hydrogen atoms but contains an unhindered carbonyl group and ii) if one of the carbonyl partners are much more acidic than the other and thus forms an enolate anion in preference to other.

To show:

The structure of the aldehydes or ketones that should be used as a starting material to synthesize the compound given in an aldol reaction.

Answer 13

Interpretation Introduction

d)

Interpretation:

The structure of the aldehydes or ketones that should be used as a starting material to synthesize the compound given in an aldol reaction is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Mixed aldol condensation leads to a single product if i)one of the carbonyl partners contains no α hydrogen atoms but contains an unhindered carbonyl group and ii) if one of the carbonyl partners are much more acidic than the other and thus forms an enolate anion in preference to other.

To show:

The structure of the aldehydes or ketones that should be used as a starting material to synthesize the compound given in an aldol reaction.

Answer 14

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Ch. 23.1 - Prob. 1P Ch. 23.1 - Prob. 2P Ch. 23.3 - Prob. 3P Ch. 23.3 - Prob. 4P Ch. 23.4 - Prob. 5P Ch. 23.4 - 1-Butanol is prepared commercially by a route that...Ch. 23.4 - Prob. 7P Ch. 23.5 - Prob. 8P Ch. 23.6 - Prob. 9P Ch. 23.6 - What product would you Expect to obtain from base...

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