A mechanism for the first step in the Mannich reaction shown, a reaction between acetaldehyde and dimethyl amine , to yield an iminium ion intermediate along with water is to be proposed. The structure of the iminium ion intermediate is to be given. Further the mechanism of the second step involving the reaction between iminium ion intermediate and cyclohexanone is also to be proposed. Concept introduction: The steps involved in the formation of the iminium ion are i) Protonation of the aldehyde ii) Nucleophilic attack of the amine on the protonated aldehyde iii) A proton exchange iv) Loss of water to yield the iminium ion. The reaction between iminium ion intermediate and cyclohexanone takes place through the following steps i) Reaction between the enol form of the cyclohexanone and iminium ion ii) Deprotonation of the intermediate. To propose: A mechanism for the first step in the Mannich reaction shown, a reaction between acetaldehyde and dimethyl amine, to yield an iminium ion intermediate along with water. To show the structure of the iminium ion intermediate. Further to propose a mechanism for the second step involving the reaction between iminium ion intermediate and cyclohexanone.

Question

Below is the SN1 reaction of (S)-3-chlorocyclohexene and hydroxide (OH). Draw the missing curved arrows, lone pairs of electrons, and nonzero formal charges. In the third box, draw the two enantiomeric products that will be produced. 5th attempt Please draw all four bonds at chiral centers. Draw the two enantiomeric products that will be produced. Draw in any hydrogen at chiral centers. 1000 4th attempt Feedback Please draw all four bonds at chiral centers. 8. R5 HO: See Periodic Table See Hint H Cl Br Jid See Periodic Table See Hint

Answer 1

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 23.SE, Problem 45MP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

A mechanism for the first step in the Mannich reaction shown, a reaction between acetaldehyde and dimethyl amine, to yield an iminium ion intermediate along with water is to be proposed. The structure of the iminium ion intermediate is to be given. Further the mechanism of the second step involving the reaction between iminium ion intermediate and cyclohexanone is also to be proposed.

Concept introduction:

The steps involved in the formation of the iminium ion are i) Protonation of the aldehyde ii) Nucleophilic attack of the amine on the protonated aldehyde iii) A proton exchange iv) Loss of water to yield the iminium ion.

The reaction between iminium ion intermediate and cyclohexanone takes place through the following steps i) Reaction between the enol form of the cyclohexanone and iminium ion ii) Deprotonation of the intermediate.

To propose:

A mechanism for the first step in the Mannich reaction shown, a reaction between acetaldehyde and dimethyl amine, to yield an iminium ion intermediate along with water. To show the structure of the iminium ion intermediate.

Further to propose a mechanism for the second step involving the reaction between iminium ion intermediate and cyclohexanone.

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Below is the SN1 reaction of (S)-3-chlorocyclohexene and hydroxide (OH). Draw the missing curved arrows, lone pairs of electrons, and nonzero formal charges. In the third box, draw the two enantiomeric products that will be produced. 5th attempt Please draw all four bonds at chiral centers. Draw the two enantiomeric products that will be produced. Draw in any hydrogen at chiral centers. 1000 4th attempt Feedback Please draw all four bonds at chiral centers. 8. R5 HO: See Periodic Table See Hint H Cl Br Jid See Periodic Table See Hint

Show that a molecule with configuration π4 has a cylindrically symmetric electron distribution. Hint: Let the π orbitals be equal to xf and yf, where f is a function that depends only on the distance from the internuclear axis.

(a) Verify that the lattice energies of the alkali metal iodides are inversely proportional to the distances between the ions in MI (M = alkali metal) by plotting the lattice energies given below against the internuclear distances dMI. Is the correlation good? Would a better fit be obtained by plotting the lattice energies as a function of (1 — d*/d)/d, as theoretically suggested, with d* = 34.5 pm? You must use a standard graphing program to plot the graph. It generates an equation for the line and calculates a correlation coefficient. (b) From the graph obtained in (a), estimate the lattice energy of silver iodide. (c) Compare the results of (b) with the experimental value of 886 kJ/mol. If they do not agree, explain the deviation.

Answer 2

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 23.SE, Problem 45MP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

A mechanism for the first step in the Mannich reaction shown, a reaction between acetaldehyde and dimethyl amine, to yield an iminium ion intermediate along with water is to be proposed. The structure of the iminium ion intermediate is to be given. Further the mechanism of the second step involving the reaction between iminium ion intermediate and cyclohexanone is also to be proposed.

Concept introduction:

The steps involved in the formation of the iminium ion are i) Protonation of the aldehyde ii) Nucleophilic attack of the amine on the protonated aldehyde iii) A proton exchange iv) Loss of water to yield the iminium ion.

The reaction between iminium ion intermediate and cyclohexanone takes place through the following steps i) Reaction between the enol form of the cyclohexanone and iminium ion ii) Deprotonation of the intermediate.

To propose:

A mechanism for the first step in the Mannich reaction shown, a reaction between acetaldehyde and dimethyl amine, to yield an iminium ion intermediate along with water. To show the structure of the iminium ion intermediate.

Further to propose a mechanism for the second step involving the reaction between iminium ion intermediate and cyclohexanone.

Expert Solution & Answer

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See solution

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Answer 3

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 23.SE, Problem 45MP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

A mechanism for the first step in the Mannich reaction shown, a reaction between acetaldehyde and dimethyl amine, to yield an iminium ion intermediate along with water is to be proposed. The structure of the iminium ion intermediate is to be given. Further the mechanism of the second step involving the reaction between iminium ion intermediate and cyclohexanone is also to be proposed.

Concept introduction:

The steps involved in the formation of the iminium ion are i) Protonation of the aldehyde ii) Nucleophilic attack of the amine on the protonated aldehyde iii) A proton exchange iv) Loss of water to yield the iminium ion.

The reaction between iminium ion intermediate and cyclohexanone takes place through the following steps i) Reaction between the enol form of the cyclohexanone and iminium ion ii) Deprotonation of the intermediate.

To propose:

A mechanism for the first step in the Mannich reaction shown, a reaction between acetaldehyde and dimethyl amine, to yield an iminium ion intermediate along with water. To show the structure of the iminium ion intermediate.

Further to propose a mechanism for the second step involving the reaction between iminium ion intermediate and cyclohexanone.

Expert Solution & Answer

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See solution

Check out sample textbook solution

Answer 4

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 23.SE, Problem 45MP

Interpretation Introduction