2 SEM ACC W/RAVEN CARDED
12th Edition
ISBN: 9781264439218
Author: Raven
Publisher: MCGRAW-HILL HIGHER EDUCATION
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Chapter 23.2, Problem 2LO
Summary Introduction
To determine: The reason that only shared, derived characters indicate close evolutionary relationship.
Introduction: Derived characters can be defined as a contrast to an assembly that is closely associated and are known to be as out-group.
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Explain the concept of an evolutionary tree. Also, explain why it is significant.
Construct a character matrix with at least five characters for organisms beetle, pigeon, perch, salamander, and a mouse. (Pay attention to eyes, legs, number legs, antennae, body type/form; not limited to here). Then construct a phylogenetic tree using the character matrix and map the synapomorphies.
Explain how homology is different from convergent evolution and give examples.
Chapter 23 Solutions
2 SEM ACC W/RAVEN CARDED
Ch. 23.1 - Prob. 1LOCh. 23.1 - Prob. 2LOCh. 23.2 - Prob. 1LOCh. 23.2 - Prob. 2LOCh. 23.2 - Demonstrate how a cladogram is constructed.Ch. 23.3 - Explain the taxonomic classification system.Ch. 23.3 - Prob. 2LOCh. 23.3 - Prob. 3LOCh. 23.4 - Prob. 1LOCh. 23.4 - Prob. 2LO
Ch. 23.4 - Prob. 3LOCh. 23.5 - Prob. 1LOCh. 23 - Construct a data matrix like the one in figure...Ch. 23 - Prob. 1IQCh. 23 - Prob. 2IQCh. 23 - Prob. 3IQCh. 23 - Prob. 4IQCh. 23 - Overall similarity of phenotypes may not always...Ch. 23 - a. is based on overall similarity of phenotypes....Ch. 23 - The principle of parsimony a. helps evolutionary...Ch. 23 - Parsimony suggests that parental care in birds,...Ch. 23 - The forelimb of a bird and the forelimb of a...Ch. 23 - In order to determine polarity for different...Ch. 23 - In a paraphyletic group a. all species are more...Ch. 23 - A paraphyletic group includes a. an ancestor and...Ch. 23 - Prob. 9UCh. 23 - A taxonomic group that contains species that have...Ch. 23 - Rapid rates of character change relative to the...Ch. 23 - Species recognized by the phylogenetic species...Ch. 23 - Prob. 1SCh. 23 - Identifying outgroups is a central component of...Ch. 23 - As noted in your reading, cladistics is a widely...Ch. 23 - Across many species of limpets, loss of larval...Ch. 23 - Birds, pterosaurs (a type of flying reptile that...Ch. 23 - AID:1825 | 10/04/2018 6. In what sense does the...
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- Explain two factors that lead to adaptive evolution.arrow_forwardDraw a phylogenetic tree based on characters 1-5 in the table below. Place hatch marks on the tree to indicate the origin of characters 1-6. Assume that tuna and dolphins are sister species and redraw the phylogenetic tree accordingly. Use hatch marks to indicate the origin of characters 1-6. How many evolutionary changes are required in each tree? Which tree is most parsimonious? Character Lancelet (outgroup) Lamprey Tuna Salamander Turtle Leopard Dolphin 1. Backbone 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 2. Hinged Jaw 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 3. Four Limbs 0 0 0 1 1 1 1* 4. Amnion 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 5. Milk 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 6. Dorsal fin 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 *Dolphins have 4 limbs (2 fins and 2 hind limb buds as embryos)arrow_forwardUse the evolutionary tree below to answer the following questions:arrow_forward
- Define homology and describe the different ways in which homologous characteristics provide evidence for the structure of the tree of life.arrow_forwardLabel the four parts of the evolutionary tree as indicating a monophyletic group, a paraphyletic group, or a polyphyletic group. Each label may be used more than once or not at all Paraphyletic group Polyphyletic group Birds Monophyletic group Nonavian "Class Reptilla": dinosaurs Crocodiles Lizards and snakes Turtles Mammals Amphiblans Resetarrow_forwardDefine the following terms: divergent evolution, convergent evolution, analogous structures, homologous structuresarrow_forward
- Explain the concept of a molecular clock and its use in dating a phylogenetic tree.arrow_forwardA phylogenetic tree shows how long a given species has existed. Group of answer choices: True Falsearrow_forwardCompare and contrast homologous structures and analogous structures. Provide one example of two homologous structures, and one example of two analogous structures.arrow_forward
- Explain the significance of using multiple lines of evidence to identify evolutionary relationships.arrow_forwardExplain what the statement, "All phylogenies are hypotheses" means? Include a brief explanation about the types of data involved in making phylogenies.arrow_forwardIllustrate the Phylogenic Tree of " Human Ancestors "(This is all about Biology Evolutionary Relationships of Organisms).arrow_forward
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