2 SEM ACC W/RAVEN CARDED
12th Edition
ISBN: 9781264439218
Author: Raven
Publisher: MCGRAW-HILL HIGHER EDUCATION
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Textbook Question
Chapter 23, Problem 2S
Identifying “outgroups” is a central component of cladistic analysis. As described on page 462, a group is chosen that is closely related to, but not a part of the group under study. If one does not know the relationships of members of the group under study, how can one be certain that an appropriate outgroup is chosen? Can you think of any approaches that would minimize the effect of a poor choice of outgroup?
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionStudents have asked these similar questions
Based on chapter 5 of our textbook, shared derived traits are not very helpful in constructing cladograms.
Group of answer choices
True
False
The above data are from a landmark student looking into the relationship between sickle
cell anemia and malaria. These data are from a population where malaria is prevalent. A
is the allele for normal red blood cells; S is the sickle cell allele (you should know what
this means).
Is this population in H-W equilibrium? Make sure to use chi-square.
Why or why not (if not, what assumption(s) violated).
Genotype
AA
AS
SS
Total
Observed
9365 (75.6%)
2993 (24.2%)
29 (0.2%)
12,387
Indicate the order in which the following steps would take place to result in Parapatric Speciation
[enter 1 for the first step, 2 for the second, etc; write only the number -- no words, no spaces]
Something happens so that the environment is different in one part of the range relative to the other, even though the populations are still contiguous.
As they adapt to their specific environments, the fitness of any hybrid formed is reduced.
The populations adapt to their environment in the part of the range where they live.
Interbreeding populations connected via gene flow occur across a range.
Reproductive isolating mechanisms are selected for so that less fit hybrids are not formed. Two species now exist.
Chapter 23 Solutions
2 SEM ACC W/RAVEN CARDED
Ch. 23.1 - Prob. 1LOCh. 23.1 - Prob. 2LOCh. 23.2 - Prob. 1LOCh. 23.2 - Prob. 2LOCh. 23.2 - Demonstrate how a cladogram is constructed.Ch. 23.3 - Explain the taxonomic classification system.Ch. 23.3 - Prob. 2LOCh. 23.3 - Prob. 3LOCh. 23.4 - Prob. 1LOCh. 23.4 - Prob. 2LO
Ch. 23.4 - Prob. 3LOCh. 23.5 - Prob. 1LOCh. 23 - Construct a data matrix like the one in figure...Ch. 23 - Prob. 1IQCh. 23 - Prob. 2IQCh. 23 - Prob. 3IQCh. 23 - Prob. 4IQCh. 23 - Overall similarity of phenotypes may not always...Ch. 23 - a. is based on overall similarity of phenotypes....Ch. 23 - The principle of parsimony a. helps evolutionary...Ch. 23 - Parsimony suggests that parental care in birds,...Ch. 23 - The forelimb of a bird and the forelimb of a...Ch. 23 - In order to determine polarity for different...Ch. 23 - In a paraphyletic group a. all species are more...Ch. 23 - A paraphyletic group includes a. an ancestor and...Ch. 23 - Prob. 9UCh. 23 - A taxonomic group that contains species that have...Ch. 23 - Rapid rates of character change relative to the...Ch. 23 - Species recognized by the phylogenetic species...Ch. 23 - Prob. 1SCh. 23 - Identifying outgroups is a central component of...Ch. 23 - As noted in your reading, cladistics is a widely...Ch. 23 - Across many species of limpets, loss of larval...Ch. 23 - Birds, pterosaurs (a type of flying reptile that...Ch. 23 - AID:1825 | 10/04/2018 6. In what sense does the...
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Natural selection predicts that two species that came from a common ancestor should have high degree of correlation in their genomes. what aspect (use) of correlation am I using when apply it for this purpose?arrow_forwardIn smurfs, blue tails and red tails are codominant to white tails (this is similar to blood type in humans). In a population of 200 smurfs, 6 have white tails, 93 have blue tails, 51 have red tails, and 50 have purple tails. Papa smurf has learned that the frequency of the blue tail allele is 0.53. Is this population in Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium? Be sure to do a Chi-square test and show your work.arrow_forwardExplain the five conditions that need to be met for a population to be at genetic equilibrium according to Hardy and Weinberg (The Hardy-Weinberg principle). Additionally, explain what conditions would have to have been met if the population evolved. Be detailed in your answer(s).arrow_forward
- Assume that the frequency of gene B in a hypothetical population Is 0.63, that there are only two alleles (B and b) of the gee in the population, that allele B is dominant over allele b, that neither allele has a selective advantage over the other, and that the population is at equilibrium with regard to this particular gene. And how many individuals in this population are expected to be of genotype BB according to the Hardy-Weinberg formula? (Assume that the total population size is 150) 71 52 118 60 131arrow_forwardImagine you have two communities A and B, and you calculate how different they are, using UniFrac, Jaccard, and Bray-Curtis. You find that A and B are highly similar using the UniFrac distance, but NOT similar at all using either Jaccard or Bray-Curtis. What has to be true for this to happen? (1-2 sentences)arrow_forwardColor in a species of minnows is determined by a single locus with two alleles: D and d. DD individuals are dark, Dd are intermediate, and dd are pale. In a population that is in Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium, we count 29 pale minnows out of 93. How many minnows do you expect to be dark? Round your answer to the closest integer value.arrow_forward
- What information can be easily shown in a cladogram? Select all that applies. I. Parent-offspring relationships I. Evolutionary relationships II. Adaptive traits IV. Unique molecular markersarrow_forwardImagine that researchers are studying 2 populations of a hypothetical flowering plant, Darwinius beardii. Individual plants of population "A" grow to an average height of 25 cm, while those of population "B" average 40 cm. The flowers of population "A" are light purple and open in mid-April, while those of population "B" are dark purple with white spots and open in early May. These 2 populations are geographically separated by a large river, and geological and molecular genetic evidence suggests that they have been separated for at least 10 million years, during which time evolutionary divergence has occured. Yet, when individuals from each population are brought into the lab, they readily mate with individuals of the other population. Under which species concept(s) would the plants of the 2 populations be considered the SAME species? O A. Biological species concept O B. Phenetic species concept O C. Phylogenetic species concept O D. both the Phenetic and Phylogenetic species conceptsarrow_forwardI need some help with question #13 for this problem set According to the phylogenetic tree of beach mice in Figure 2, how would you describe the relatedness of Santa Rosa Island beach mice to Lake Louisa beach mice and Southeastern beach mice? Select one option.arrow_forward
- Please solvearrow_forwardA hypothetical population of 10,000 humans has 6848 individuals with the blood type AA, 2846 individuals with blood type AB, and 306 individuals with the blood type BB. What is the frequency of each genotype in this population? What is the frequency of the A allele? What is the frequency of the B allele? If the next generation contained 25,000 individuals, how many individuals would have blood type BB, assuming the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?arrow_forwardIn a population with two alleles at the C locus (C and c), the frequency of the genotype cc is 0.17. Assuming that the C locus is at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in this population, what is the frequency of heterozygotes (Cc)? Round and report your answer to the second decimal place (0.00).arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Co...BiologyISBN:9781305251052Author:Michael CummingsPublisher:Cengage Learning
Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Co...
Biology
ISBN:9781305251052
Author:Michael Cummings
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Phylogenetic Mysteries: Crash Course Zoology #12; Author: CrashCourse;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cVaw7nF72Aw;License: Standard youtube license